Efeitos agudos dos exercícios de hidroginástica e minitrampolim sobre os níveis pressóricos e glicêmicos de adolescentes obesos / Acute effects of water based and mini-trampoline exercises on pressoric and glycaemic levels of obese adolescents

O número de crianças com excesso de peso está aumentando na sociedade, implicando no aparecimento precoce de diabetes tipo 2 e hipertensão. Para prevenir isso, o exercício físico de baixo impacto pode ser uma alternativa segura e eficaz, podendo ser realizado tanto em meio aquático como em meio terrestre. Assim, o presente estudo objetivou analisar o efeito do exercício aeróbico de baixo impacto, em diferentes meios (hidroginástica vs mini trampolim), sobre os níveis glicêmicos e pressóricos de adolescentes obesos. Trinta e dois adolescentes obesos (12,4±2,5 anos) foram alocados randomicamente no grupo hidroginástica (GH; n = 16) e no grupo minitrampolim (GMT; n = 16). Ambos os grupos realizaram uma sessão de exercícios com duração de 32 minutos, prescrita de forma intervalada, com intensidade de estímulo em índice de esforço percebido intenso e recuperação em índice de esforço percebido muito leve. Os desfechos de glicemia capilar e pressão arterial foram avaliados pré, pós e 30 minutos pós-exercício. Uma equação de estimativas generalizadas foi usada para analisar os níveis glicêmicos e pressóricos nos diferentes momentos e modalidades, adotando-se um nível de significância de 5%. Ambos os grupos apresentaram redução glicêmica apenas imediatamente após a sessão de exercício (GH: -7,4mg/dL, GMT: -4,5mg/dL; efeito tempo, p = 0,005). A pressão arterial diastólica foi reduzida em ambos os grupos cinco minutos pós-exercício (GH: - 4mmHg, GMT: 0mmHg; efeito tempo, p = 0,017), permanecendo assim 30 minutos pós-exercício (efeito tempo; p = 0,013), enquanto a pressão arterial sistólica foi reduzida somente 30 minutos pós-exercício (GH: -14mmHg, GMT: -1,5mmHg; efeito tempo, p < 0,001). Conclui-se que sessões sob minitrampolim e hidroginástica, de forma intervalada, podem diminuir de forma similar os níveis glicêmicos e pressóricos de adolescentes obesos....(AU)

The number of children that are overweight it has been increasing in society, resulting in early-onset type 2 diabetes and hypertension. To prevent this, the physical low-impact exercise can be a safe and effective alternative and can be performed both aquatic as terrestrial environment. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the effect of aerobic exercise with low impact in different environment (water vs/ land) on glucose and blood pressure levels in obese adolescents. Thirty-two obese adolescents (12.4 ± 2.5 years; BMI: 33.1 ± 5.3 kg / m2) were randomly allocated in two aerobics group: water group (GH; n = 16) and mini-trampoline training (GMT; n = 16). Both groups performed an exercise session lasting 32 minutes of prescribed intervals and stimulus intensity perceived intense effort index and recovery in very light perceived. The outcomes of blood glucose and blood pressure were analyze before, after and 30 minutes after exercise. An equation of generalized estimates was use to analyze the blood sugar and blood pressure levels at different times and modalities, adopting the significance level of 5%. Both groups had reduced glycemic only immediately after the exercise session (GH: -7,4mg/dL, GMT: -4,5mg/dL; time effect, p = 0,005). The diastolic blood pressure was reduced both the five minutes post-exercise groups (GH: - 4mmHg, GMT: 0mmHg; time effect, p = 0.017) and remained at 30 minutes post-exercise (time effect, p = 0.013), while the systolic blood pressure was reduced just 30 minutes post-exercise (GH: -14mmHg, GMT: -1,5mmHg; time effect; p <0.001). We conclude that interval sessions with low impact exercise can decrease similarly glycemic and blood pressure of obese adolescents....(AU)

The "Happy Heart" educational program for changes in health habits in children and their families: protocol for a randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of childhood obesity increased worldwide in recent decades and is associated with risk factors for the development of chronic diseases in adulthood. Strategies for health promotion directed at an early age, with recommendation for healthy habits, can achieve good results. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an innovative, simple and cost effective educational program to improve eating habits, physical activity and the knowledge about healthy habits in children, as well as in their families, as compared to routine outpatient care. METHODS/DESIGN: The study is designed as a randomized clinical trial. Sample size is estimated to include 37 children, aged between 7 and 11 years, and their guardians, randomized for an intervention or a control group. The intervention will consist of 11-weekly group meetings of nutritional education and distribution of explanatory material, with orientation about healthy food and family habits and physical activity. Recreational, simple and low cost resources, carefully designed for the presentation of contents to the children and parents, will be used in all meetings. The control group will receive standard outpatient care based in individual clinical practice guidelines. The primary outcomes will be changes in dietary habits, knowledge and physical activity of children and adults. The secondary outcomes will be changes of body mass index, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and laboratory tests, in children and adults. DISCUSSION: The Happy Heart Study offers a playful and low-cost approach for the prevention and control of obesity and cardiovascular disease in children. Although this program is being planned for implementation in Brazil, the method can be adapted to many other countries. REGISTRY OF PROTOCOL: Protocol registered on the site ensaiosclinicos.gov.br: RBR-8ttw64.