[Effects of antimicrobial peptide from lactoferrin in blood serum and urine in patients with renal colica with urolithiasis and pyelonephritis].

AIM: To evaluate the role of lactoferrin and lactoferricin in blood serum and urine in patients with an attack of renal colic against the background of urolithiasis and pyelonephritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We examined 149 patients admitted to the urological department of the City Clinical Hospital No. 3 of Astrakhan, according to emergency indications, with an attack of renal colic. Along with standard clinical, laboratory and instrumental research methods (general blood count, biochemical blood test, urinalysis, kidney ultrasonography), the concentration of CRP and lactoferrin was measured in all patients in the blood and urine using a set of reagents for ELISA (Lactoferrin "Vector-Best" Novosibirsk city). The sensitivity of the test for CRP and LF was 3-5 g/ml and 5 ng/ml, respectively. Studies of all collected material for lactoferricin were carried out deferred in the laboratory of the Astrakhan State Medical University. Based on the results of clinical and instrumental studies, patients admitted with an attack of renal colic were retrospectively divided into three groups: the first group included 38 patients with urolithiasis. The second group included 64 patients with obstructive pyelonephritis, and the third group included 47 patients hospitalized with characteristic signs of primary non-obstructive pyelonephritis. The groups were matched by sex and age. Blood and urine samples from 25 donors served as controls. RESULTS: When comparing a group of patients with urolithiasis with a group of patients with non-obstructive and obstructive pyelonephritis, highly significant differences (p<0.0001) were found in LF, LFC, CRP and the number of leukocytes in the blood and urine sediment. In urine, according to the results of ROC-analysis in couples with urolithiasis without pyelonephritis in comparison with obstructive pyelonephritis, the most significant differences were established for all four parameters studied: for LF (AUC=0.823), for LFC (AUC=0.832), for CRP (AUC=0.829 ) and the number of leukocytes in the urine sediment (AUC=0.780). DISCUSSION: In blood and urine in patients with urolithiasis and pyelonephritis, the effects of the bactericidal peptide LPC were compared with the levels in biological f luids of CRP, LF, and the number of leukocytes. The greatest diagnostic value of all four studied indicators was found in urine, and not in serum. ROC-analysis confirmed a more significant effect of the studied parameters on pyelonephritis than on urolithiasis. The level of lactoferrin and CRP in patients at admission correlates with the number of leukocytes in the blood and urine sediment and with the degree of inflammation in the body. And the level of LFC peptide in the urine reflects the degree of infection of the urinary tract. CONCLUSIONS: A comparative study of tests for Lf and LFC in blood serum and urine in patients admitted to a urological hospital with an attack of renal colic was carried out. Determining the concentration of lactoferricin in the urine is an informative indicator. Thus, lactoferrin and its hydrolysis product lactoferricin reflect different aspects of the infectious and inflammatory process in pyelonephritis.

[Endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation in patients with chronic prostatitis].

Using laser Doppler flowmetry, basal blood flow in patients with chronic prostatitis was evaluated. 90 men with chronic prostatitis and 30 healthy men of reproductive age underwent examination. For the assessment of endothelial vasomotor function, ionophoretic tests with 5% acetylcholine and 5% sodium nitroprusside were performed. Results of the study suggested a violations of the skin vasomotor activity in patients studied, which indicated a decrease in reserve capacity of the microvasculature both in bacterial and abacterial genesis of chronic prostatitis.

[Tamsulosin administration for prophylaxis and treatment of stent-related symptoms].

The study of efficacy and safety of tamsulosin in therapy of stent-related symptoms has demonstrated that tamsulosin relieves stent-related irritative symptoms and improves quality of life. Further prospective trials are needed to finally assess tamsulosin efficacy.

[Using safocid for antibiotic prophylaxis in minimally-invasive endoscopic operations and manipulations].

Efficacy of safocid (1 g of seknidasol, 1 g of azitromycin, 150 mg of fluconasol) was studied in antibiotic prophylaxis before conduction of urological endoscopic operations: diagnostic cystoscopy, renal stenting, ureteroscopy with contact lithotripsy. A total of 128 patients of the urological department received a single safocid dose 90 min before surgical intervention. Safocid efficacy in prevention of infectious complications reached 96.2%.

[Lactoferrin assay in urethritis and urethral prostatitis]. / Opredelenie laktoferrina pri uretritakh i uretroprostatitakh.

An immunochemical study of prostatic secretions in 97 patients with urethritis and urethroprostatitis has detected a significant rise of lactoferrin level in mixed infections (trichomonads + chlamydia and trichomonads + uroplasma--17 patients) versus control (14 healthy males) and group as a whole. In the control group a mean lactoferrin level was 51.2 +/- 8.4 mg/l (12 mg/l-67.3 mg/l), in the group as a whole 106 +/- 41.5 mg/l (19.5 mg/l to 334.8 mg/l) in patients with mixed infection 221.25 (102.9 mg/l to 334.8 mg/l). The assessment of diagnostic significance of the immunochemical test for lactoferrin in detection of mixed infections in urethritis and urethroprostatitis has shown that in threshold level of 150 mg/l the test's specificity was 87.5%, sensitivity 94.1%, effectiveness 88.65%, prognostic value of positive result 61.5%, of negative result 98.59%; in threshold level 200 mg/l the respective values were 100, 52.9, 91.75, 100 and 90.9%. Practical application of the proposed immunochemical test in detection of mono- and mixed infection is discussed.

[Clinical variants and treatment of urological sepsis]. / Klinicheskie varianty i lechenie urologicheskogo sepsisa.

The paper describes current clinical features of urological sepsis, factors provoking sepsis in urological patients, leading laboratory and clinical characteristics of the disease, principles of treatment and its results.

[Serum antigens in the evaluation of the effectiveness of pyelonephritis therapy]. / Syvorotochnye antigeny v otsenke éffektivnosti lecheniia pielonefrita.

Blood serum levels of stage-specific antigens were measured by radioimmunoassay and immunodiffusion methods in patients with acute pyelonephritis at various stages of traditional antibacterial therapy and ultraviolet autoblood irradiation. Under study were ferritin, beta 2-microglobulin, C-reactive protein, transferrin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, and haptoglobin levels. Kinetics of the measured proteins was demonstrated and the possibility of applying their identification to assessment of treatment efficacy shown. The levels of these proteins are shown to be not only indicators of inflammation and destruction in pyelonephritis, but to reflect as well the repair reactions in the body which course most actively when UV irradiation of autoblood is added to multiple-modality treatment schemes.

[Ways of increasing the effectiveness of chemotherapy of urinary tract infection]. / Puti povysheniia éffektivnosti khimioterapii mochevoi infektsii.

Efficacy of blood UV irradiation (BUVI) followed by its reinfusion to the patient in combination with antibacterial therapy was studied in patients with acute and chronic pyelonephritis and its purulent septic complications. The BUVI was used when the antibacterial drugs failed to be sufficiently efficient and the clinical process of the infection was severe. The kinetics of ferritin, transferrin, alpha 2-macroglobulin, beta 2-microglobulin and haptoglobulin in the blood serum was investigated as a criterion of treatment efficacy. It was shown that the BUVI markedly increased the chemotherapy efficacy. The observed regularities of the changes in the serum antigenic spectrum can be used as a basis for the control of treatment efficacy.

[Acute phase pregnancy-zone proteins in the diagnosis of thermal injury of the skin]. / Ostrofazovyi belok zony beremennosti v diagnosticheskoi otsenke termicheskikh porazhenii kozhi.

Content of C-reactive protein and alpha 2-glycoprotein occurring in pregnancy was studied in 116 patients with thermic impairments of skin during the treatment procedure. Both detection concentration of these proteins in blood serum were shown to depend on the disease severity, sex and age of the patients. The ratio between C-reactive protein and alpha 2-glycoprotein might be of importance in evaluation and prognosis of convalescence and reparative regeneration of the skin burns wounds.

[Characteristics of glycolytic enzymes during biostimulation of reparative osteogenesis]. / Kharakteristika fermentov glikoliza pri biostimuliatsii reparativnogo osteogeneza.

Content of hexokinase, pyruvate kinase and lactate dehydrogenase was studied in rat callus, formed in presence of commercially available preparations of placental and normal serum albumin. Total activity of all these enzymes was not similar at different stages of healing; the enzymatic activity was closely related to morpho-functional state of cellular structures in repairing zone and was dependent on their maturation. Especially pronounced changes in glycolytic enzymes activity occurred at the period of maximal proliferative activity of osteogenic cells. Placental albumin was shown to exhibit the greater stimulating effect on reparative osteogenesis as compared with the protein from blood serum.

[Comparative evaluation of the action of serum proteins on tissue regeneration]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka deistviia nekotorykh syvorotochnykh belkov na regeneratsiiu tkanei.

Processes of skin and long tubular bones' reparative regeneration under the action of serum albumin and alpha-fetoprotein on the body were studied with the use of EPR and histological methods. Relations of spin probe rotatory mobility in cell suspensions and morphological change of examined tissues are shown. It is established that the biological activity of alpha-fetoprotein is more pronounced than that of serum albumin in the effect on the young connective tissue. The stimulating effect of the embryonic protein is demonstrated only in the first week of reparative process while that of serum albumin appeared much more late.