RESUMEN
AIM: This research analyzed a joint spatial distribution and explored the possible associations between epidemiological aspects and feminicide rates, in towns of the Sergipe State in Northeastern Brazil. METHODOLOGY: An exploratory ecological study investigated the global spatial autocorrelation of epidemiological aspects with femicide rates from towns in Sergipe State, Brazil, (n = 75), in the 2013-2017 period, using the "global" and "local" Moran statistic method and a multiple spatial regression. The exposure variables included socioeconomic and demographic conditions, services and health condition, and femicide rates. We used the software Stata 11.0, SPSS 18.0 and GeoDa 0.95-i. RESULTS: The spatial distribution of femicide rates was not random and showed high spatial autocorrelation and predominance of significant spatial groupings of towns with the highest mortality rates due to femicide in the central region of Sergipe State. In the multiple regression analysis, the percentage of women in charge of families and the Municipal Human Development Index were positively associated with the femicide rates in towns in Sergipe's municipalities in the studied period (p < 0.05). The opposite situation occurred between the Income Concentration Index (GINI) and the femicide rates. CONCLUSION: This is the first study that has analyzed the factors associated with the spatial clusters of femicide rates in a geographical space where there is a predominance of patriarchal culture. There was a femicide increase in locations with the lowest social inequality, the highest human development and authority exercised by women in the family environment.
Asunto(s)
Composición Familiar , Renta , Brasil/epidemiología , Ciudades , Femenino , Geografía , Humanos , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Aim: This research analyzed a joint spatial distribution and explored the possible associations between epidemiological aspects and feminicide rates, in towns of the Sergipe State in Northeastern Brazil. Methodology: An exploratory ecological study investigated the global spatial autocorrelation of epidemiological aspects with femicide rates from towns in Sergipe State, Brazil, (n = 75), in the 2013-2017 period, using the "global" and "local" Moran statistic method and a multiple spatial regression. The exposure variables included socioeconomic and demographic conditions, services and health condition, and femicide rates. We used the software Stata 11.0, SPSS 18.0 and GeoDa 0.95-i. Results: The spatial distribution of femicide rates was not random and showed high spatial autocorrelation and predominance of significant spatial groupings of towns with the highest mortality rates due to femicide in the central region of Sergipe State. In the multiple regression analysis, the percentage of women in charge of families and the Municipal Human Development Index were positively associated with the femicide rates in towns in Sergipe's municipalities in the studied period (p < 0.05). The opposite situation occurred between the Income Concentration Index (GINI) and the femicide rates. Conclusion: This is the first study that has analyzed the factors associated with the spatial clusters of femicide rates in a geographical space where there is a predominance of patriarchal culture. There was a femicide increase in locations with the lowest social inequality, the highest human development and authority exercised by women in the family environment.
RESUMO: Objetivo: Esta pesquisa analisou a distribuição espacial conjunta e explorou possíveis associações entre aspectos epidemiológicos e taxas de feminicídio, nos municípios do Estado de Sergipe, no nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Um estudo ecológico exploratório investigou a autocorrelação espacial global de aspectos epidemiológicos com taxas de feminicídio em municípios do Estado de Sergipe, Brasil (n = 75), no período de 2013 a 2017, utilizando a estatística de Moran "global" e "local" e uma regressão espacial múltipla. As variáveis incluíram a condição socioeconômica, a situação demográfica, os serviços e estado de saúde e as taxas de feminicídio. Os softwares utilizados foram Stata 11.0, SPSS 18.0 e GeoDa 0.95-i. Resultados: A distribuição espacial das taxas de feminicídio não foi aleatória e apresentou elevada autocorrelação espacial e predomínio de agrupamentos espaciais significativos de municípios com as maiores taxas de mortalidade por feminicídio na região central do Estado de Sergipe. Na regressão múltipla, o percentual de mulheres chefes de família e o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal associaram-se positivamente às taxas de feminicídio nos municípios sergipanos no período estudado (p < 0,05). Situação oposta ocorreu entre o Índice GINI e as taxas de feminicídio. Conclusão: Este é o primeiro estudo que analisou os fatores associados aos clusters espaciais das taxas de feminicídio em um espaço geográfico com predomínio da cultura patriarcal. Houve aumento do feminicídio em localidades em que há menor desigualdade social, maior desenvolvimento humano e maior autoridade exercida pelas mulheres no ambiente familiar.