Perioperative Pain Management in Total Hip Arthroplasty: Korean Hip Society Guidelines.

Effective perioperative pain management techniques and accelerated rehabilitation programs can improve health-related quality of life and functional status of patients after total hip arthroplasty. Traditionally, postoperative analgesia following arthroplasty was provided by intravenous patient-controlled analgesia or epidural analgesia. Recently, peripheral nerve blockade has emerged alternative analgesic approach. Multimodal analgesia strategy combines analgesics with different mechanisms of action to improve pain management. Intraoperative periarticular injection of multimodal drugs is one of the most important procedures in perioperative pain control for total hip arthroplasty. The goal of this review article is to provide a concise overview of the principles of multimodal pain management regimens as a practical guide for the perioperative pain management for total hip arthroplasty.

Inhibitory activity of Aralia continentalis roots on protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B and rat lens aldose reductase.

As part of our continuous search for compounds from natural sources that can treat diabetes and its diabetic complications, in the present work, we investigated the protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibitory activities of the roots of Aralia continentalis. The methanol extract showed a potent inhibitory activity against PTP1B and RLAR. Among the tested fractions, the n-hexane fraction exhibited the highest PTP1B inhibitory activity, while the EtOAc fraction showed highest RLAR inhibitory activity. Bioassayguided fractionation of the active n-hexane and EtOAc soluble fractions resulted in the isolation of the diterpenoids; ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-19-oic acid (continentalic acid, 1); ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic-acid (kaurenoic acid, 2); ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-19-ol (3); 7-oxo-ent-pimara-8(14),15-diene-19-oic acid (4); 16á-hydroxy-17-isovaleroyloxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (5); 17-hydroxy-entkaur-15-en-19-oic acid (6); 15á,16á-epoxy-17-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (7); 16á,17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (8); 8á-hydroxy-ent-pimara-15-en-19-ol (9); 4-epirulopezol (10) and 4â-hydroxy-19-nor-(-)-pimara-8(14),15-diene (11), from the n-hexane fraction, and 4-[formy-5-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrrol-1-yl] butanoic acid (12); vanillic acid (13); 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (14); protocatechuic acid (15); nicotinic acid (16); aralia cerebroside (17); 5-O-feruloly quinic acid (18) from the EtOAc fraction. Of these, compounds 12∼14, 16 and 18 were isolated from A. continentalis for the first time. Compounds 1∼10 exhibited inhibitory potential against PTP1B, while compounds 12, 17, and 18 were found to be active against RLAR. Taken together, these results clearly demonstrate that the roots of A. continentalis displayed anti-diabetic and antidiabetic properties, which could be further explored to develop therapeutic and preventive agents for the treatment of diabetes and related complications.

Long-term results of total hip arthroplasty with an extensively porous coated stem in patients younger than 45 years old.

PURPOSE: This study analyzed the long-term results of cementless total hip arthroplasty using an extensively porous coated stem in patients younger than 45 years old. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical and radiographic results of 45 hips from 38 patients who underwent cementless total hip replacement arthroplasty with an AML prosthesis were reviewed retrospectively. The average follow-up was 12 years (range, 10-15 years). RESULTS: The average Harris hip score at the time of final follow-up was 87.3 (range 77-94) points. Forty two hips (93.3%) showed excellent and good clinical results. Osteolysis occurred around the stem in 20 hips (44.4%) and around the cup in 26 hips (57.8%). Stress-mediated femoral resorption was observed in 33 hips (73.3%) at 10 years. There was no incidence of resorption progressing after 5 years postoperatively. There was no stem loosening. Five hips were revised for osteolysis, cup loosening and polyethylene wear. CONCLUSION: The long term results of total hip arthroplasty using an extensively porous coated stem were acceptable, and there was no case involving the progression of proximal bone resorption.