Decreased CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ß expression inhibits the growth of glioblastoma cells.

C/EBPß is a leucine-zipper transcription factor implicated in the control of metabolism, development, cell differentiation, and proliferation. However, it remains unclear its role in tumor development. Here, we show that down-regulation of C/EBPß by RNA interference inhibits proliferation in the GL261 murine glioblastoma cell line, induces an arrest of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 boundary, and diminishes their transformation capacity and migration. In addition, we show that C/EBPß regulates the expression of several DNA damage response- and invasion-related genes. Lastly, C/EBPß depletion significantly retards tumor onset and prolongs survival in a murine orthotopic brain tumor model. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed a significant diminution of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling in tumors derived from C/EBPß-depleted GL261 cells compared with that in controls. These results show, for the first time, the dependence of glioma cells on C/EBPß and suggest a potential role of this transcription factor in glioma development.

Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix: a case report and literature review.

Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma is an infrequent form of well differentiated cervical papillary adenocarcinoma that has recently been described. It usually affects young women and is distinguished from other adenocarcinomas by its generally good prognosis, since it infrequently invades the lymphovascular space. We present a case of villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma in a 28-year-old woman presenting risk factors for developing it: use of oral contraceptives, tobacco use, and infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 33. The presentation of this case provides an opportunity to review the literature on the diagnosis and treatment of villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma, and the factors that may influence the prognosis of women diagnosed with this histological type of cervical cancer.

Linfoma testicular primario: estudio descriptivo: Instituto Especializado de Enfermedades Neoplásicas: Lima - Perú: 2006 / Primary testicular lymphoma: descriptive study: Instituto Especializado de Enfermedades Neoplásicas: Lima - Perú

El linfoma testicular es una enfermedad poco frecuente con características peculiares y un pronóstico pobre. Evaluamos en forma retrospectiva 32 pacientes con este diagnóstico estudiando sus características epidemiológicas, valores hematológicos, tipo histológico, lugares de metástasis, tratamiento recibido y tiempo de sobrevida. Así mismo comparamos nuestros resultados con los reportes internacionales, haciendo énfasis en la necesidad de estudios prospectivos para obtener mejores conclusiones.

Testicular lymphoma is a rare illness with peculiar characteristics but with a poor prognosis. We evaluated 32 patients retrospectively studying their epidemiologic characteristics, hematologic values, histological type, metastasis sites, the treatment given and the survival. We compared our results with international reports and we think that prospective studies are needed for better conclusions.

Cancer stem cells and brain tumors.

Besides the role of normal stem cells in organogenesis, cancer stem cells are thought to be crucial for tumorigenesis. Most current research on human tumors is focused on molecular and cellular analysis of the bulk tumor mass. However, evidence in leukemia and, more recently, in solid tumors suggests that the tumor cell population is heterogeneous. In recent years, several groups have described the existence of a cancer stem cell population in different brain tumors. These neural cancer stem cells (NCSC) can be isolated by cell sorting of dissociated suspensions of tumor cells for the neural stem cell marker CD133. These CD133+ cells -which also express nestin, an intermediate filament that is another neural stem cell marker- represent a small fraction of the entire brain tumor population. The stem-like cancer cells appear to be solely responsible for propagating the disease in laboratory models. A promising new approach to treating glioblastoma proposes targeting cancer stem cells. Here, we summarize progress in delineating NCSC and the implications of the discovery of this cell population in human brain tumors.

Cancer stem cells and brain tumors

Besides the role of normal stem cells in organogenesis, cancer stem cells are thought to be crucial for tumorigenesis. Most current research on human tumors is focused on molecular and cellular analysis of the bulk tumor mass. However, evidence in leukemia and, more recently, in solid tumors suggests that the tumor cell population is heterogeneous. In recent years, several groups have described the existence of a cancer stem cell population in different brain tumors. These neural cancer stem cells (NCSC) can be isolated by cell sorting of dissociated suspensions of tumor cells for the neural stem cell marker CD133. These CD133+ cells -which also express nestin, an intermediate filament that is another neural stem cell marker- represent a small fraction of the entire brain tumor population. The stem-like cancer cells appear to be solely responsible for propagating the disease in laboratory models. A promising new approach to treating glioblastoma proposes targeting cancer stem cells. Here, we summarize progress in delineating NCSC and the implications of the discovery of this cell population in human brain tumors (AU)

No disponible

Carcinoma urotelial micropapilar de vejiga: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: a case report and literature review

El carcinoma urotelial micropapilar (CMP) de vejiga es una variante anatomopatológica infrecuente, de comportamiento agresivo. Se presenta habitualmente como carcinoma de alto grado, en estadios avanzados, sin signos clínicos distintos al del carcinoma vesical convencional. El tratamiento debe ser precoz y agresivo, fundamentalmente quirúrgico, dado que la radioterapia y la quimioterapia no han demostrado utilidad hasta el momento. Es necesario el reconocimiento de esta entidad pues su capacidad metástasica está asociada a una alta incidencia de mortalidad. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 64 años con hematuria de larga evolución diagnosticado de carcinoma micropapilar infiltrante de vejiga con compromiso de uréter.

Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma (MCP) of the urinary bladder is an rare anatomopathology variant aggressive behaviour. It is usually found as a high grade and stage carcinoma, and doesn't differ clinically from normal cell carcinoma of the bladder. Treatment should be early and aggressive, because radiotherapy and chemotherapy have shown limited results the therapy is surgically based. The diagnosis of this disease is required because its metastasic capacity is associate with a significantly increased mortality risk. In this study we report de case of a 64 years old man with a long development hematuria diagnosed of Micropapillary carcinoma infiltrating the bladder involving the ureter.

Análisis de la actividad del Servicio de Urgencias Tocoginecológicas en un hospital materno infantil de alta complejidad / Analysis of the activity of the Gynecology and Obstetrics Emergency Service in a highly complex maternal and child hospital

El objetivo de este artículo es el de determinar la actividad del Servicio de Urgencias como paso previo para elaborar un plan estratégico de mejora que refuerce los puntos débiles y premie los puntos fuertes. Se analizaron las altas de este servicio durante una semana, y se registraron múltiples variables. La mayor actividad del servicio se desarrolla con pacientes obstétricas de tercer trimestre, los días laborables y en turno diurno, el 60,7% son visitas adecuadas, y urgentes el 51,6%. Se ingresan al 28% de las pacientes. Se concluye que existe una gran actividad con pacientes parturientas, de que es inútil el crear un sistema de triage, se constata que existe una buena dotación de medios pero que escasea el personal (AU)

The aim of this work is to determine the activity of the emergency service as a prior step to designing a strategic improvement plan which will strengthen the weak points and reward the strong points. It has been observed that the department’s greatest activity is with third-term obstetric patients, on work days and during the daytime. It also concludes that there is intense activity with patients in labour for whom it is useless to create a selection system and, furthermore, the resources are good in spite of staff shortages (AU)

Morbilidad y mortalidad por gastroenteroanastomosis en cáncer gástrico avanzado / Morbility and mortality related to gastroenteroanastomosis for avanced gastric cancer

OBJETIVO: Determinación de la morbilidad y mortalidad post operatorias de la gastroenteroanastomosis en pacientes con cáncer gástrico avanzado. DISEñO DEL ESTUDIO: Revisión retrospectiva de las historias clínicas de todos los pacientes con cáncer gástrico obstructivo distal sometidos a gastroenteroanastomosis en el Instituto de Enfermedades Neoplásicas entre 1980 y 1993. Se analizaron: edad, sexo, hemoglobina, albúmina, riesgo quirúrgico, ascitis, extensión de enfermedad, tiempo operatorio, estancia hospitalaria, morbilidad y moratalidad post operatorias. RESULTADOS: Se realizaron 198 gastroenteroanastomosis con una morbilidad y mortalidad del 20 por ciento y 10 porciento, respectivamente. La neumonía fue la principal causa de morbilidad y mortalidad post operatorias. El riesgo quirúrgico elevado (3-4), la invasión tumoral a órganos vecinos y la presencia de la metástasis peritoneal demostraron ser factores asociados con mayor morbilidad postoperatoria (p<0.05). El único factor de pronóstico de mortalidad postoperatoria fue el riesgo quirúrgico elevado (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONES: Debido a la elevada morbimortalidad post operatoria, la gastroenteroanastomosis no debe realizarse en pacinetes con cáncer gástrico avanzado y riesgo quirúrgico alto