An examination of acute psychophysiological responses following blood flow restriction exercise using a traditional research device or novel, automated system.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the acute psychophysiological responses to blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise using a traditional research device or novel, automated system. Methods: Forty-four resistance trained individuals performed four sets of unilateral elbow flexion exercise [30% one-repetition maximum (1RM)] to volitional failure using two distinct restrictive devices [SmartCuffs PRO BFR Model (SMARTCUFF), Hokanson E20 Rapid Inflation device (HOKANSON)] and with two levels of BFR [40% limb occlusion pressure (LOP), 80% LOP]. Blood pressure (BP), muscle thickness (MT), and isometric strength (ISO) were assessed prior to and following exercise. Perceptual responses [ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), discomfort] were assessed prior to exercise and following each exercise set. Main Results: Data are displayed as means (SD). Immediately following exercise with 40% LOP, there were no statistical differences between devices for BP, MT, and ISO. However, only following Set 1 of exercise, RPE was greater with SMARTCUFF compared to HOKANSON (p < 0.05). In addition, only following Set 2 of exercise, discomfort was greater with HOKANSON compared to SMARTCUFF (p < 0.001). Immediately following exercise with 80% LOP, there were no statistical differences between devices for BP, MT, and ISO. However, only following Set 4 of exercise, RPE was greater with HOKANSON compared to SMARTCUFF (p < 0.05). In addition, following all exercise sets, discomfort was greater with HOKANSON compared to SMARTCUFF (p < 0.001). SIGNIFICANCE: The present study provides valuable insight into the efficacy of a novel, automated BFR system (SMARTCUFF) eliciting comparable acute physiological responses to BFR exercise and in some cases favorable psychological responses when compared to a traditional research device (HOKANSON). .

Thermal Compact Modeling and Resistive Switching Analysis in Titanium Oxide-Based Memristors.

Resistive switching devices based on the Au/Ti/TiO2/Au stack were developed. In addition to standard electrical characterization by means of I-V curves, scanning thermal microscopy was employed to localize the hot spots on the top device surface (linked to conductive nanofilaments, CNFs) and perform in-operando tracking of temperature in such spots. In this way, electrical and thermal responses can be simultaneously recorded and related to each other. In a complementary way, a model for device simulation (based on COMSOL Multiphysics) was implemented in order to link the measured temperature to simulated device temperature maps. The data obtained were employed to calculate the thermal resistance to be used in compact models, such as the Stanford model, for circuit simulation. The thermal resistance extraction technique presented in this work is based on electrical and thermal measurements instead of being indirectly supported by a single fitting of the electrical response (using just I-V curves), as usual. Besides, the set and reset voltages were calculated from the complete I-V curve resistive switching series through different automatic numerical methods to assess the device variability. The series resistance was also obtained from experimental measurements, whose value is also incorporated into a compact model enhanced version.

Skeletal muscle mass in competitive physique-based athletes (bodybuilding, 212 bodybuilding, bikini, and physique divisions): A case series.

OBJECTIVES: (1) To examine the muscle thickness of various muscle groups of the body to estimate the absolute and relative skeletal muscle mass (SM) in competitive physique-based athletes (Bodybuilding, 212 Bodybuilding, Bikini, and Physique divisions) and (2) to compare values across various divisions of competition and to resistance trained and non-resistance trained individuals. METHODS: Eight competitive physique-based athletes (2 M and 6 F), two recreationally resistance trained (1 M and 1 F) and two non-resistance trained (1 M and 1 F) participants had muscle thickness measured by ultrasound at nine sites on the anterior and posterior aspects of the body. SM was estimated from an ultrasound-derived prediction equation and SM index was used to adjust for the influence of standing height (i.e., divided by height squared). RESULTS: SM values ranged from 19.6 to 60.4 kg in the eight competitive physique-based athletes and 16.1 to 32.6 kg in the four recreationally resistance trained and non-resistance trained participants. SM index ranged from 7.2 to 17.9 kg/m2 in the eight competitive physique-based athletes and 5.8 to 9.3 kg/m2 in the four recreationally resistance trained and non-resistance trained participants. CONCLUSION: Overall, varying magnitudes of SM and SM index were present across competitors and their respective divisions of bodybuilding. The Men's Open Bodybuilder in the present study had greater values of total SM and SM index compared to previously published values in the literature. Our data provides insight into the extent of SM present in this population and further extends the discussion regarding SM accumulation in humans.

Muscular Adaptations Between Very Low Load Resistance Training With Pulsed Direct Current Stimulation (Neubie) and Traditional High Load Training.

OBJECTIVES: This study compared muscle growth in response to very low load resistance training with direct pulsed current (DPC) stimulation and traditional high load training. METHODS: Twenty-six resistance trained individuals had each leg assigned to one of two unilateral knee extension protocols: 1) 4 sets of 20 repetitions at ~10% one-repetition maximum (1RM) and inter-set rest periods of 30 s (DPC) and 2) 4 sets to muscular failure at ~70% 1RM (TRAD). Muscle thickness (MTH), 1RM strength, and local muscular endurance (LME) were measured before and after 8-weeks of training. An alpha level of 0.05 was used for all comparisons. RESULTS: MTH increased similarly between TRAD and DPC at the 50% (0.24 cm, 95%CI: 0.11-0.36), and the 60% anterior sites (0.25 cm, 95%CI: 0.10-.040), as well as the lateral (0.25 cm, 95%CI: 0.10-.040) and medial sites (0.21 cm, 95%CI: 0.10-0.31), but was greater for TRAD at the 40% anterior site (0.3 cm, 95%CI: 0.16-0.43). Changes in 1RM were greater for TRAD (10.2 kg, 95%CI: 5.8-14.4). LME increased similarly between protocols (5 repetitions, 95%CI: 3-7). CONCLUSIONS: The current data suggest that very low load knee extension resistance training with DPC could be a viable training strategy for promoting skeletal muscle growth and local muscular endurance.

Skeletal Muscle Adaptations to High-Load Resistance Training With Pre-Exercise Blood Flow Restriction.

ABSTRACT: Hammert, WB, Moreno, EN, Martin, CC, Jessee, MB, and Buckner, SL. Skeletal muscle adaptations to high-load resistance training with pre-exercise blood flow restriction. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2381-2388, 2023-This study aimed to determine if blood flow restriction (BFR) could augment adaptations to a high-load training protocol that was inadequate for muscle growth. Forty nontrained individuals had each arm assigned to 1 of 3 elbow flexion protocols: (a) high-load resistance training [TRAD; 4 sets to muscular failure at 70% 1 repetition maximum (1RM)], (b) low repetition high-load resistance training with pre-exercise BFR (PreBFR; 4 sets of 3 repetitions at 70% 1RM + 3 min of pre-exercise BFR), and (c) low repetition high-load resistance training (LRTRAD); 4 sets of 3 repetitions at 70% 1RM). Muscle thickness (MT), 1RM strength, and local muscular endurance (LME) of the elbow flexors were measured before and after 8 weeks. An alpha level of 0.05 was used for all comparisons. For the 50% site, MT increased for TRAD (0.211 cm, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.143-0.280), PreBFR (0.105 cm, 95% CI: 0.034-0.175), and LRTRAD (0.073 cm, 95% CI: 0.000-0.146). The change for TRAD was greater than PreBFR and LRTRAD. For the 60% site, MT increased for TRAD (0.235 cm, 95% CI: 0.153-0.317), PreBFR (0.097 cm, 95% CI: 0.014-0.180), and LRTRAD (0.082 cm, 95% CI: 0.000-0.164). The change for TRAD was greater than PreBFR and LRTRAD. For the 70% site MT increased for TRAD (0.308 cm, 95% CI: 0.247-0.369), PreBFR (0.103 cm, 95% CI: 0.041-0.166), and LRTRAD (0.070 cm, 95% CI: 0.004-0.137). The change for TRAD was greater than PreBFR and LRTRAD. One repetition maximum and LME significantly increased for each condition, with no differences between conditions. Collapsed across conditions 1RM strength increased 2.094 kg (95% CI: 1.771-2.416) and LME increased 7.0 repetitions (95% CI: 5.7-8.3). In conclusion, the application of BFR to low-repetition, high-load training did not enhance the adaptative response.

Abdominal wound dehiscence and incisional hernia prevention in midline laparotomy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Incisional hernia (IH) is the main complication after laparotomy. In an attempt to reduce this complication, mesh techniques and studies in which the closure technique is modified have been proposed. Both types are characterized by comparison with the closure described as standard or conventional: 1 × 1, mass, and continuous closure. For this study, modified closure techniques (MCTs) were considered as those techniques in which an extra suture is placed (reinforced tension line (RTL), retention), the closure point is modified in distance (small bites) or shape (CLDC, Smead Jones, interrupted, Cardiff point) and which aim to reduce these complications. The objective of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to evaluate the effectiveness of MCTs for reducing the incidence of IH and abdominal wound dehiscence (AWD) to provide objective support for their recommendation. METHODS: An NMA was performed according to the PRISMA-NMA guidelines. The primary objective was to determine the incidence of IH and AWD, and the secondary objective was to determine the incidence of postoperative complications. Only published clinical trials were included. The risk of bias was analyzed, and the random-effects model was used to determine statistical significance. RESULTS: Twelve studies comparing 3540 patients were included. The incidence of HI was lower in RTL, retention suture, and small bites, these techniques showed statistical differences with pooled ORs (95% CI) of 0.28 (0.09-0.83), 0.28 (0.13-0.62), and 0.44 (0.31-0.62), respectively. Associated complications, including hematoma, seroma, and postoperative pain, could not be analyzed; however, MCTs did not increase the risk of surgical site infection. CONCLUSION: Small bites, RTL, and retention sutures decreased the prevalence of IH. RTL and retention suture decreased the prevalence of AWD. RTL was the best technique as it reduced both complications (IH and AWD) and had the best SUCRA and P-scores, and the number needed to treat (NNT) for net effect was 3. REGISTRATION: This study was prospectively registered in the PROSPERO database under registration number CRD42021231107.

Salivary Cortisol in Guide Dogs.

Guide dogs work for extended periods and are exposed to multiple environmental stimuli that could lead to higher stress compared with companion dogs. Cortisol is the main hormone associated with stress in most mammals. This study included seven guide dogs and seven same-breed dogs that were trained as guide dogs but became companion dogs to compare their salivary cortisol levels before, during, and after a period of social isolation and exposure to a 110-decibel gunshot sound. Each dog was left alone in an empty room for 60 min. After 15 min, the dogs were exposed to the sound. We collected four saliva samples from each dog. The first one was taken 5 min before starting the social isolation period, and the following ones at 15, 30, and 45 min after the test started. A two-way ANOVA was used to compare the group effect and the time effect during isolation and noise exposure. The results showed higher levels of cortisol in the guide dogs compared with the companion dogs throughout the test. No differences were found in time or in the interaction between time and group. This suggests that being a guide dog increases levels of basal cortisol when compared with dogs that live as companion animals and family members.

Thermal Characterization of Conductive Filaments in Unipolar Resistive Memories.

A methodology to estimate the device temperature in resistive random access memories (RRAMs) is presented. Unipolar devices, which are known to be highly influenced by thermal effects in their resistive switching operation, are employed to develop the technique. A 3D RRAM simulator is used to fit experimental data and obtain the maximum and average temperatures of the conductive filaments (CFs) that are responsible for the switching behavior. It is found that the experimental CFs temperature corresponds to the maximum simulated temperatures obtained at the narrowest sections of the CFs. These temperature values can be used to improve compact models for circuit simulation purposes.

Acute muscular and cardiovascular responses to high load training with pre-exercise blood flow restriction.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the acute muscular and cardiovascular responses to applying blood flow restriction (BFR) before high-load training. METHODS: Forty trained individuals visited the lab on three occasions. On Visit 1, participants completed paperwork and performed strength assessments. During Visits 2 and 3, participants completed four exercise conditions (one in each arm during each visit) as follows: (1) traditional resistance training (TRAD), (2) low load training with BFR (LLBFR), (3) low repetition high load training with pre-exercise BFR (PreBFR), and (4) low repetition traditional training (LRTRAD). Blood pressure, muscle thickness (MT), and isometric strength (ISO) were measured before and after exercise. RESULTS: Data are displayed as means (SD). Immediately following exercise, MT in TRAD was greater compared with PreBFR (mean difference = 0.18[0.30] cm, p < 0.001) and LRTRAD (mean difference = 0.28[0.30] cm, p < 0.001). In addition, LLBFR demonstrated greater MT compared with PreBFR (mean difference = 0.24[0.30] cm, p < 0.001]. Immediately following exercise, ISO was lower in TRAD compared with PreBFR (mean difference = 33.8[46.9]N, p < 0.001) and the LRTRAD condition (mean difference = 32.8[50.4]N, p < 0.001). In addition, ISO was lower in LLBFR compared with PreBFR (mean difference = 43.9 [47.4]N, p < 0.001) and LRTRAD (mean difference = 42.9 [43.8]N, p < 0.001). Immediately following exercise, systolic blood pressure was greater in TRAD compared with PreBFR and LRTRAD. CONCLUSION: The application of BFR before engaging in high-load training does not seem to augment the muscular responses to exercise when compared with traditional high loads alone; however, it may pose less demand on the cardiovascular system.

Gastrointestinal symptoms and complications in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19, an international multicentre prospective cohort study (TIVURON project).

BACKGROUND: Retrospective studies suggest that coronavirus disease (COVID-19) commonly involves gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and complications. Our aim was to prospectively evaluate GI manifestations in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. METHODS: This international multicentre prospective cohort study recruited COVID-19 patients hospitalized at 31 centres in Spain, Mexico, Chile, and Poland, between May and September 2020. Patients were followed-up until 15 days post-discharge and completed comprehensive questionnaires assessing GI symptoms and complications. A descriptive analysis as well as a bivariate and multivariate analysis were performer using binary logistic regression. p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Eight hundred twenty-nine patients were enrolled; 129 (15.6%) had severe COVID-19, 113 (13.7%) required ICU admission, and 43 (5.2%) died. Upon admission, the most prevalent GI symptoms were anorexia (n=413; 49.8%), diarrhoea (n=327; 39.4%), nausea/vomiting (n=227; 27.4%), and abdominal pain (n=172; 20.7%), which were mild/moderate throughout the disease and resolved during follow-up. One-third of patients exhibited liver injury. Non-severe COVID-19 was associated with ≥2 GI symptoms upon admission (OR 0.679; 95% CI 0.464-0.995; p=0.046) or diarrhoea during hospitalization (OR 0.531; 95% CI 0.328-0.860; p=0.009). Multivariate analysis revealed that worse hospital outcomes were not independently associated with liver injury or GI symptoms. CONCLUSION: GI symptoms were more common than previously documented, and were mild, rapidly resolved, and not independently associated with COVID-19 severity. Liver injury was a frequent complication in hospitalized patients not independently associated with COVID-19 severity.

El debate de los principios y reglas en la normatividad contable internacional / The debate on principles and rules in international accounting standards / A discussão de princípios e regras nas normas internacionais de contabilidade

RESUMEN El análisis conceptual de los estándares de información financiera internacional trae implícita una discusión jurídica, que se puede remontar al debate entre el pensamiento iuspositivista - iusnaturalista del derecho, debate que puede dar pautas para dilucidar si los estándares del International Accounting Standards Board (lASB) están basados en principios o reglas, así como también, aportar en la conceptualización del marco teórico de las políticas contables. La discusión sobre las bases de la normatividad contable generalmente carece de una visión transdisciplinar acadêmica y práctica. Se utilizó una metodología conceptual e interpretativa para comprender; desde la teorïa del derecho y desde la perspectiva del análisis económico del derecho, el dilema sobre principios o reglas, esto contribuye a la reflexión sobre la elección de las políticas contables adecuadas para la representación financiera y contable de las organizaciones.

AВSTRАСT The conceptual analysis of international financial reporting standards implies a legal discussion, which can be traced back to the debate between the iuspositivist - iusnaturalist thinking of law, a debate that can provide guidelines to elucidate whether the standards of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) are based on principles or rules, as well as to contribute to the conceptualization of the theoretical framework of accounting policies. The discussion on the basis of accounting standards generally lacks a transdisciplinary academic and practical vision. A conceptual and interpretative methodology was used to understand, from the theory of law and from the perspective of the economic analysis of law, the dilemma of principles or rules, which contributes to the reflection on the choice of appropriate accounting policies for the financial and accounting representation of organizations.

RESUMO A análise conceitual das normas internacionais de relato financeiro envolve uma discussão jurídica, que pode ser rastreada até o debate entre o pensamento iuspositivista - iusnaturalista da lei, um debate que pode fornecer diretrizes para esclarecer se as normas do International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) são baseadas em princípios ou regras, bem como para contribuir para a conceitualização da estrutura teórica das políticas contábeis. A discussão com base nas normas contábeis geralmente carece de uma visão acadêmica e prática transdisciplinar Uma metodologia conceitual e interpretativa foi utilizada para compreender a partir da teoria do direito e da perspectiva da análise econômica do direito, o dilema dos princípios ou regras, o que contribui para a reflexão sobre a escolha de políticas contábeis apropriadas para a representação financeira e contábil das organizações.

Super-efficient drilling of metals with ultrafast non diffractive laser beams.

A highly efficient drilling process is found in non-transparent metallic materials enabled by the use of non-diffractive ultrafast Bessel beams. Applied for deep drilling through a 200 µm-thick steel plate, the Bessel beam demonstrates twofold higher drilling efficiency compared to a Gaussian beam of similar fluence and spot size. Notwithstanding that surface ablation occurs with the same efficiency for both beams, the drilling booster results from a self-replication and reconstruction of the beam along the axis, driven by internal reflections within the crater at quasi-grazing incidence, bypassing potential obstacles. The mechanism is the consequence of an oblique wavevectors geometry with low angular dispersion and generates a propagation length beyond the projection range allowed by the geometry of the channel. With only the main lobe being selected by the channel entrance, side-wall reflection determines the refolding of the lobe on the axis, enhancing and replicating the beam multiple times inside the channel. The process is critically assisted by the reduction of particle shielding enabled by the intrinsic self-healing of the Bessel beam. Thus the drilling process is sustained in a way which is uniquely different from that of the conventional Gaussian beam, the latter being damped within its Rayleigh range. These mechanisms are supported and quantified by Finite Difference Time Domain calculations of the beam propagation. The results show key advantages for the quest towards efficient laser drilling and fabrication processes.

Association Between the Placement of a Double-J Catheter and the Risk of Urinary Tract Infection in Renal Transplantation Recipients: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 1038 Patients.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of urinary complications in transplantation is 2% to 20%, which can be decreased with the use of a double-J catheter. The objective of this study was to determine the association between the use of the catheter and the probability of urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS: We studied a retrospective cohort of 1038 patients divided into 2 groups: those treated with vs without a double-J catheter. Perioperative factors related to catheter use were analyzed. Second, whether the use of the catheter was associated with fewer other urinary complications was analyzed. RESULTS: Of the whole sample, 72 patients were eliminated from the study, and 358 (37%) received a double-J catheter. UTIs occurred in 190 patients (19.6%), of whom a greater proportion received a catheter: 88 of 358 (24.6%) vs 102 of 608 (16.8%) (odds ratio, 1.61; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-2.22; P = .003). CONCLUSIONS: The placement of a double-J catheter during transplant is associated with a higher proportion of UTIs, increasing their severity and the cost of care, without having a clear effect on other types of urinary complications.

On the Thermal Models for Resistive Random Access Memory Circuit Simulation.

Resistive Random Access Memories (RRAMs) are based on resistive switching (RS) operation and exhibit a set of technological features that make them ideal candidates for applications related to non-volatile memories, neuromorphic computing and hardware cryptography. For the full industrial development of these devices different simulation tools and compact models are needed in order to allow computer-aided design, both at the device and circuit levels. Most of the different RRAM models presented so far in the literature deal with temperature effects since the physical mechanisms behind RS are thermally activated; therefore, an exhaustive description of these effects is essential. As far as we know, no revision papers on thermal models have been published yet; and that is why we deal with this issue here. Using the heat equation as the starting point, we describe the details of its numerical solution for a conventional RRAM structure and, later on, present models of different complexity to integrate thermal effects in complete compact models that account for the kinetics of the chemical reactions behind resistive switching and the current calculation. In particular, we have accounted for different conductive filament geometries, operation regimes, filament lateral heat losses, the use of several temperatures to characterize each conductive filament, among other issues. A 3D numerical solution of the heat equation within a complete RRAM simulator was also taken into account. A general memristor model is also formulated accounting for temperature as one of the state variables to describe electron device operation. In addition, to widen the view from different perspectives, we deal with a thermal model contextualized within the quantum point contact formalism. In this manner, the temperature can be accounted for the description of quantum effects in the RRAM charge transport mechanisms. Finally, the thermometry of conducting filaments and the corresponding models considering different dielectric materials are tackled in depth.

In Situ Observation of Low-Power Nano-Synaptic Response in Graphene Oxide Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy.

Multiple studies have reported the observation of electro-synaptic response in different metal/insulator/metal devices. However, most of them analyzed large (>1 µm2 ) devices that do not meet the integration density required by industry (1010  devices/mm2 ). Some studies emploied a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) to explore nano-synaptic response in different materials, but in this setup there is a nanogap between the insulator and one of the metallic electrodes (i.e., the STM tip), not present in real devices. Here, it is demonstrated how to use conductive atomic force microscopy to explore the presence and quality of nano-synaptic response in confined areas <50 nm2 . Graphene oxide (GO) is selected due to its easy fabrication. Metal/GO/metal nano-synapses exhibit potentiation and paired pulse facilitation with low write current levels <1 µA (i.e., power consumption ≈3 µW), controllable excitatory post-synaptic currents, and long-term potentiation and depression. The results provide a new method to explore nano-synaptic plasticity at the nanoscale, and point to GO as an important candidate for the fabrication of ultrasmall (<50 nm2 ) electronic synapses fulfilling the integration density requirements of neuromorphic systems.

Non-Diffractive Bessel Beams for Ultrafast Laser Scanning Platform and Proof-Of-Concept Side-Wall Polishing of Additively Manufactured Parts.

We report the potential use of non-diffractive Bessel beam for ultrafast laser processing in additive manufacturing environments, its integration into a fast scanning platform, and proof-of-concept side-wall polishing of stainless steel-based additively fabricated parts. We demonstrate two key advantages of the zeroth-order Bessel beam: the significantly long non-diffractive length for large tolerance of sample positioning and the unique self-reconstruction property for un-disrupted beam access, despite the obstruction of metallic powders in the additive manufacturing environment. The integration of Bessel beam scanning platform is constructed by finely adapting the Bessel beam into a Galvano scanner. The beam sustained its good profile within the scan field of 35 × 35 mm2. As a proof of concept, the platform showcases its advanced capacity by largely reducing the side-wall surface roughness of an additively as-fabricated workpiece from Ra 10 µm down to 1 µm. Therefore, the demonstrated Bessel-Scanner configuration possesses great potential for integrating in a hybrid additive manufacturing apparatus.

Intestinal Chloroma.

Chloromas are an atypical cellular infiltrate of immature granulocytic cells that can occur specially in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), but can be present in nonleukemic patients. Its clinical course will be dependent on its size and location, from asymptomatic to simulating a malignant gastrointestinal neoplasia. Definitive diagnosis is made upon an immunoprofile that is similar to that present in the blasts and precursor cells of acute myeloid leukemia. Endoscopic and CT images are variable being only part of the protocol panel. Treatment is the same as to AML, but surgery and radiation must be used in order to maintain low relapse and better overall survival.

Cervical ribs-An anatomical obstacle for upper limb regional blocks.

Anatomic variations of the cervical and supraclavicular regions are possible with an impact on regional anesthesia strategy. The presence of cervical ribs may obstruct needle visualization for brachial plexus block in those regions. Preprocedural scan may help in choosing the appropriate technique.

Flexibilización en el control sobre el uso de clozapina: una gran oportunidad / Flexibilization in controlling the use of clozapine: A great opportunity

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Hallazgos endoscópicos en fallecidos por sangrado digestivo alto no variceal por desequilibrio ácido péptico / Endoscopic findings in deceased due to high digestive bleeding no variceal due to peptic acid imbalance

Introducción: La hemorragia digestiva alta es asumida como una emergencia patológica de causas diversas, que deviene en complicaciones fatales con relativa frecuencia.Objetivo:Identificar los hallazgos endoscópicos presentes en pacientes con desenlaces fatales (muerte) por HDA de etiología ácido-páptica, durante 3 años consecutivos.Métodos:Se realizó una investigación descriptiva de serie de casos para valorar los hallazgos endoscópicos en fallecidos por sangrado digestivo alto no variceal por desequilibrio ácido péptico en 25 pacientes egresados de los Servicios de Cuidados Intensivos e Intermedios y de Cirugía General del Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente "Saturnino Lora Torres" de Santiago de Cuba, durante el trienio 2012 (enero)-2015 (diciembre).Resultados:Los ancianos mayores de 66 años resultaron el grupo de edad preponderante y del sexo masculino. Los antecedentes predominantes en la serie estuvieron liderados por el consumo de AINE, antecedente de enfermedad acido-péptica conocida e hipertensión arterial. El diagnóstico más utilizado resultó el clínico endoscópico (56%). Conclusiones:Los procesos ulcerosos duodenales con tamaños inferiores a 2cm resultaron los más frecuentes y con predominio de la clasificación de Forrest II-b, lo cual expresa por si solo su importancia en cuanto al riesgo de resangrado y de fatales desenlaces, pudiendo servir los datos para futuros estudios similares al relacionar los mismos con resultados de terapias intervencionistas

Introduction:Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage is assumed as a pathological emergency of diverse causes, which results in fatal complications with relative frequency.Objective:To identify the endoscopic findings present in patients with fatal outcomes (death) due to HDA of acid-páptica etiology, during 3 consecutive years.Methods:A descriptive investigation of case series was carried out to evaluate the endoscopic findings in deceased persons due to high non-variceal digestive bleeding due to peptic acid imbalance in 25 patients graduated from the Intensive and Intermediate Care Services and General Surgery of the Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente "Saturnino Lora Torres" of Santiago de Cuba, during the triennium 2012 (January) -2015 (December).Results:The elderly over 66 years were the predominant age group and male.The predominant antecedents in the series were led by the consumption of NSAIDs, a history of known acid-peptic disease and arterial hypertension. The most used diagnosis was the endoscopic clinician (56%).Conclusions:The duodenal ulcer processes with sizes smaller than 2cm were the most frequent and with a predominance of the Forrest II-b classification, which in itself expresses its importance in terms of risk of rebleeding and fatal outcomes, which can serve for future similar studies when relating them to the results of interventional therapies