Prevalence, Circumstances, and Risk Factors of Falls Among Community Dwelling Members of University of the Third Age.

Introduction: The transition from adolescence to adulthood involves a variety of physical, behavioral, and social transformations, often including tobacco use. Because understanding smoking at this stage is important for tobacco control, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of cigarette smoking in the Brazilian youth population. Methods: This study included participants aged 16-25 years from all Brazilian capitals. A standardized questionnaire was administered by trained healthcare professionals to collect information about sociodemographic status, sexual behavior, and tobacco use. The samples from each capital were weighted by age range and sex. Results: Of the 8,581 participants, 15.1% were current smokers, and 20.0% were former smokers; the average age at first tobacco use was 15.5 years. The prevalence of smoking in men was higher than that in women (20.1 vs. 10.3%, p < 0.01). Education level was associated with current smoking and former smoking. Participants with an elementary education level had a higher smoking prevalence (PR: 5.84, 95%, CI: 4.29-7.95) than those with a secondary education (PR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.63-2.93) and those with higher education. Those without current partners (PR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.03-1.56) also had a higher prevalence of smoking than those with partners, and participants who had a previous same-sex sexual experience smoked more (PR: 2.29, 95% CI: 1.78-2.96) than those who did not. In addition, regular use of alcohol was associated with higher prevalence of cigarette smoking (PR: 5.65, 95% CI: 4.03-7.90) than a lack of alcohol consumption. Skin color and socioeconomic class did not exhibit significant relationships with tobacco use patterns. Conclusions: Smoking was associated with education level regardless of social class, and some specific behaviors associated with a same-sex sexual experience were associated with a higher prevalence of smoking. These findings are important for formulating policies and directing actions to combat and prevent smoking among young populations.

Caracterização de clientela de atendimento psicopedagógico da rede pública de Barueri / Characterization of clientele of psychopedagogical assistance from the public Barueri network

Este artigo apresenta resultado de estudo retrospectivo desenvolvido com o objetivo de traçar o perfil de clientela atendida no ano de 2019 no atendimento psicopedagógico disponível na rede pública municipal de Barueri, SP. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizado o banco de informações disponibilizado pelo Departamento Educacional Especializado da Secretaria de Educação de Barueri, o qual contém informações advindas de 335 prontuários referentes aos alunos atendidos. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com a estatística descritiva simples. O estudo demonstrou que a população atendida era predominantemente do sexo masculino (68,65%), sendo sua maior parcela alunos oriundos dos 3º e 5º anos do Ensino Fundamental, provenientes de famílias de baixa renda e moradoras de bairros periféricos. Em relação ao processo de aprendizagem destes alunos, a modalidade de aprendizagem patológica predominante foi a hipoassimilação-hiperacomodação (49%), sendo que 80% do total dos alunos possuía nível cognitivo abaixo do esperado para a faixa etária e 50% não se encontrava plenamente alfabetizada. Concluiu-se que os problemas de aprendizagem estão relacionados a fatores emocionais, pedagógicos e socioeconômicos (desigualdade social), bem como que o fracasso escolar é uma realidade para a maior parte do público encaminhado. Políticas públicas devem ser desenvolvidas para minimizar estes fatores.

This article presents the result of a retrospective study developed with the objective of tracing the profile of the clientele served in 2019 in the psychopedagogical service available in the municipal public network of Barueri, São Paulo state. For data collection, the information bank provided by the Specialized Educational Department of the Education Secretariat of Barueri was used, which contains information from 335 records referring to the students served. The data were analyzed according to simple descriptive statistics. The study showed that the population served was predominantly male (68.65%), with the largest portion being students from the 3rd and 5th years of elementary school, from low-income families and residents of peripheral neighborhoods. In relation to the learning process of these students, the predominant pathological learning modality was hypoassimilation-hyperaccommodation (49%), with 80% of the total students having a cognitive level below the expected for the age group and 50% were not fully literate. It was concluded that learning problems are related to emotional, pedagogical and socioeconomic factors (social inequality), as well as that school failure is a reality for most of the referred public. Public policies must be developed to minimize these factors.

Prevalence of oral HPV infection in unvaccinated young adults in Brazil.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to report the national prevalence of oral HPV infection among unvaccinated women and men aged 16-25 years who utilized the public primary care services. METHODS: POP-Brazil is a cross-sectional, multicentric, nationwide survey conducted between September 2016 and November 2017. Recruitment was based in 119 public primary care practices in 26 state capitals and the Federal District of Brazil. Trained health professionals conducted face-to-face interviews. Oral samples were collected with mouthwash and gargle cycles. Genotyping was performed using the Roche PCR-based linear array genotyping test. Sampling weights by sex and age were applied. RESULTS: Valid oral HPV samples were collected from 5071 (96.88%) participants; 4005 women and 1066 men. Mean participant age was 21.63 years. Overall HPV prevalence was 1.69% (n = 73, 95% CI 1.05-2.32). Thirty individuals presented at least one high-risk HPV type [0.57% (95% CI, 0.29-0.85)]. There were no associations between age, sex, sociodemographic characteristics, drug use or sexual behavior and oral HPV prevalence. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of oral HPV infection in Brazilian teenagers and young adults is low, with no sociodemographic or behavioral correlates.

Emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage VUI-NP13L and massive spread of P.2 in South Brazil.

In this study, we analyzed 340 whole genomes of SARS-CoV-2, which were sampled between April and November 2020 in 33 cities of Rio Grande do Sul, South Brazil. We demonstrated the circulation of two novel emergent lineages, VUI-NP13L and VUI-NP13L-like, and five major lineages that had already been assigned (B.1.1.33, B.1.1.28, P.2, B.1.91, B.1.195). P.2 and VUI-NP13L demonstrated a massive spread in October 2020. Constant and consistent genomic surveillance is crucial to identify newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 lineages in Brazil and to guide decision making in the Brazilian Public Healthcare System.

Orientações em alimentação e nutrição para adultos e idosos com COVID-19 em isolamento domiciliar e após alta hospitalar / Série Nutricionistas em Ação com a Ciência / Guidelines on food and nutrition for adults and the elderly with COVID-19 in home isolation and after hospital discharge / Nutritionists In Action Series with Science

Orientações em alimentação e nutrição para adultos e idosos com COVID-19 em isolamento domiciliar e após alta hospitalar, com suspeita ou diagnóstico do novo Coronavírus, também às pessoas que apresentam sintomas leves ou moderados e que não precisam ficar internadas em hospitais, direcionada também para os cuidadores e pessoas que convivem no mesmo ambiente e demais interessados no tema. Em uma linguagem acessível e usando ótimas ilustrações e tabelas, esclarece sobre os cuidados nutricionais e também sobre alguns alimentos e nutrientes importantes para a imunidade. Instrui como fazer em situações de falta de apetite, perda de paladar (Disgeusia), dificuldade para engolir (Disfagia), perda de olfato (Anosmia) e diarréia. Orienta sobre as compras dos alimentos, sobre os riscos de contaminação, tempo de validade e armazenagem na geladeira e freezer, bem como os cuidados no preparo dos mesmos. Apresenta instruções sobre a higienização das mãos com água e sabonete e como fazer a fricção anti-séptica das mãos com preparação alcoólicas, sobre o manuseio adequado na retirada do lixo e instruções para diluição da solução clorada para superfícies e para embalagens e alimentos. Por fim, apresenta sete passos para manter a alimentação saudável para adultos e idosos

Guidelines on food and nutrition for adults and the elderly with COVID-19 in home isolation and after hospital discharge, with suspicion or diagnosis of the new coronavirus, also those with mild or moderate symptoms and who do not need to be hospitalized, also directed to the caregivers and people who live in the same environment and others interested in the topic. In an accessible language and using great illustrations and tables, it clarifies about nutritional care and also about some foods and nutrients important for immunity. Instructs you how to do it in situations of poor appetite, loss of taste (dysgeusia), difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), loss of smell (anosmia) and diarrhea. It advises on food purchases, on the risks of contamination, expiration time and storage in the refrigerator and freezer, as well as care in preparing them. It presents instructions on hand hygiene with soap and water and how to rub hands with alcoholic preparations, on proper handling of waste removal and instructions for diluting the chlorinated solution to surfaces and to packaging and food. Finally, it presents seven steps to maintain healthy eating for adults and the elderly

Orientações em alimentação e nutrição para crianças e adolescentes com COVID-19 em isolamento domiciliar e após alta hospitalar / Série Nutricionistas em Ação com a Ciência / Guidelines on food and nutrition for children and adolescents with COVID-19 in home isolation and after hospital discharge / Nutritionists in Action with Science Series

Orientações em alimentação e nutrição para crianças e adolescentes com COVID-19 em isolamento domiciliar e após alta hospitalar, considerando que os cuidados com crianças e adolescentes em casa envolvem convivência harmoniosa na família, o distanciamento entre as pessoas, os cuidados com a casa, com a alimentação, cuidados estes que implicam em zelar para que a doença não comprometa o crescimento e desenvolvimento adequados deste grupo específico. Neste sentido, as orientações presentes no texto prestam sua contribuição com a saúde de crianças e adolescentes diagnosticados ou com suspeita de COVID-19

Guidelines on food and nutrition for children and adolescents with COVID-19 in home isolation and after hospital discharge, considering that care for children and adolescents at home involves harmonious coexistence in the family, the distance between people, care with the home, with food, care that implies ensuring that the disease does not compromise the proper growth and development of this specific group. In this sense, the guidelines present in the text contribute to the health of children and adolescents diagnosed or suspected of having COVID-19

Professores de creche e suas representações sociais sobre crianças de 0 a 3 anos / Day care's teachers and their representations about children from 0 to 3 years

Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e interpretar as representações sociais de professores de creche sobre a criança de 0 a 3 anos. As Representações Sociais permitem antecipar determinadas ações do sujeito a partir de como ele se posiciona a respeito de algo, pois sua forma estruturada de estudar as concepções de mundo, símbolos, imagens, opiniões e crenças delineiam um modelo social, com uma imagem hierarquizada de seus elementos, que evidencia de forma preditiva a tendência do comportamento do sujeito, ou seja, sua orientação para ação. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa mista e empírica, em que participaram 73 professores de creche pertencentes a uma rede de ensino municipal da Grande São Paulo. Como instrumento foram utilizados um questionário e a técnica de associação livre de palavras. A análise quantitativa dos dados foi realizada por meio do software IRAMUTEQ e teve como base a organização das classes - Dendograma, correlação de palavras - Similitude, Nuvem de Palavras e a Análise Prototípica de palavras. Posteriormente, os dados foram submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo (AC). Os resultados foram sistematizados em três categorias temáticas, a saber: Aspectos relacionados aos Limites e Regras; ao Contato Familiar e à Cognição. Para os professores participantes, as crianças contemporâneas demonstram ser mais inteligentes, ativas e conectadas à tecnologia, contudo, lhes faltam a delimitação de limites e regras e tempo de convívio familiar.

This research aims to identify and interpret the social representations of kindergarten teachers about 0-3 year old children. The Social Representations allow us to anticipate certain actions on how the subject is positioned towards a situation, for his structured way of studying a world's conception, symbols, images, opinions and beliefs draw a social model, with a hierarchical pattern on these elements, which shows in a predictive form a tendency in the subject's behavior, or in other words, an orientation for action. It is a both a mixed and empirical research, in which took part 73 kindergarten teachers, in a municipal schooling system from Sao Paulo. As a tool we've used a questionnaire and a free association technique of words. The quantitative analysis was performed using the software IRAMUTEQ, and it was based on the organization of classes - Dendogram, correlation words - Similitude, Word Cloud and Prototypical Analysis of words. Later, the data were subjected to Content Analysis (CA). The results were summarized in three themes, namely: Aspects related to the limits and rules; Family Contact and Cognition. For the participating teachers contemporary children proved to be more intelligent, active and connected to technology, but on the other hand they lack the delimitation of limits and rules and family life time.