[Disseminated intravascular coagulation in solid tumours]. / Coagulation intravasculaire disséminée et tumeurs solides.

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a complex abnormality of hemostasis with dramatic consequences and long described as associated with tumors. Yet the diagnosis and management of paraneoplastic DIC are poorly defined. The purpose of this paper is to review DIC associated with solid tumors, at the pathophysiological and therapeutic levels in particular. We also report data from a recent retrospective series of patients with DIC in the context of a solid tumor, to illustrate the epidemiological, clinical and prognostic.

First assessment of whole-brain radiation therapy combined with pemetrexed-based chemotherapy in non-small-cell lung carcinoma: data on safety and efficacy.

The folate antimetabolite pemetrexed was approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic nonsquamous non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Its activity on brain metastases makes pemetrexed attractive in combination with whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT), but it could also potentially increase toxicity. We examined the medical records of 43 consecutive patients with brain metastases from non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Patients received pemetrexed-based chemotherapy at a dose of 500 mg/m. The median total number of pemetrexed-based chemotherapy cycles was 4 (range: 1-28). During the course of chemotherapy, patients received WBRT delivering 30 Gy in 10 fractions (n=34) or 20 Gy in five fractions (n=9). The median follow-up time was 30.5 weeks (range: 1-79 weeks). Intracranial progression was a cause of death in nine patients (20.9%). Clinical benefit of WBRT was reported in 30 patients (69.8%). The best radiological response was a complete response in eight patients (18.6%), a partial response in 16 patients (37.2%), stable disease in 11 patients (25.6%), and progression in four patients (9.3%). A stable intracranial disease until the last follow-up was observed in 26 patients (60.5%). The median estimated overall survival was 31 weeks (95% CI: 24-37 weeks). Most WBRT-related toxicities were low and 21 patients (48.9%) had no reported acute neurological toxicity. One patient developed unexplained encephalopathy 5 weeks after WBRT completion in the context of progressive diffuse brain metastases. The combination of pemetrexed with WBRT led to considerable clinical improvement and tumor responses in most patients. Overall neurological toxicity was rather low. A clinical trial is essential for better analysis of the potential synergistic effects of a drug with radiation and evaluation of neurological toxicity.

Is there any advantage to combined trastuzumab and chemotherapy in perioperative setting her 2neu positive localized gastric adenocarcinoma?

We report here a 44-year-old Moroccan man with resectable gastric adenocarcinoma with overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) by immunohistochemistry who was treated with trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy in perioperative setting. He received 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of trastuzumab, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine. Afterwards, he received total gastrectomy with extended D2 lymphadenectomy without spleno-pancreatectomy. A pathologic complete response was obtained with a combination of trastuzumab and oxaliplatin and capecitabine. He received 3 more cycles of trastuzumab containing regimen postoperatively.We conclude that resectable gastric carcinoma with overexpression of the c-erbB-2 protein should ideally be managed with perioperative combination of trastuzumab with chemotherapy. Further research to evaluate trastuzumab in combination with chemotherapy regimens in the perioperative and adjuvant setting is urgently needed.