[Trends in endovascular treatment and prevention of portal bleeding]. / Tendentsii v rentgenendovaskulyarnom lechenii i profilaktike portal'nykh krovotechenii (obzor literatury).

Bleeding from esophageal and gastric varices is a major factor of mortality in patients with portal hypertension. The gold standard for diagnosis of portal hypertension is hepatic venous pressure gradient determining the treatment algorithms and risk of recurrent bleeding. Combination of endoscopic methods and therapy is limited by varix localization and not always effective. In these cases, endovascular bypass and decoupling techniques are preferred. Early endovascular treatment of portal bleeding is effective for hemostasis and higher transplantation-free survival of patients. Early transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic bypass should be associated with 8-mm covered stents of controlled dilation. Combination of endovascular techniques reduces the complications of each technique and potentiates their positive effect. Endovascular treatment and prevention of portal bleeding should be determined by anatomical features of portal venous system.

[Global trends in endovascular treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms and metastatic liver damage]. / Obzor mirovykh tendentsii v interventsionnom rentgenendovaskulyarnom lechenii patsientov so zlokachestvennymi novoobrazovaniyami i metastaticheskim porazheniem pecheni.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of endovascular embolization of malignant tumors and liver metastases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed international studies on the treatment of patients with neoplastic liver lesions and complications after regional endovascular embolization following leakage of chemotherapeutic drugs from the target vessel and negative systemic effects. The results of embolization of liver arteries without chemotherapeutic drugs were also analyzed. We reviewed the PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases, as well as Russian scientific and practical journals. CONCLUSION: Literature data indicate high clinical effectiveness of interventional treatment of patients with malignant neoplasms and metastatic liver damage.

[Pathogenesis and prevention of venous and arterial thromboembolic events in patients after deep vein thrombosis of lower extremities]. / Patogenez i profilaktika venoznykh i arterial'nykh tromboémbolii u bol'nykh, perenesshikh tromboz glubokikh ven nizhnikh konechnostei.

AIM: To define the role of thrombophilic and other procoagulant conditions in pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis and the effectiveness of pathogenetic secondary prevention of venous and arterial thromboembolic events. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 107 patients for the period 2007-2016 who were divided into 3 groups. The main group (n=40) - lifelong individual antithrombotic therapy with warfarin predominantly; the second (control) group (n=39) - warfarin administration for 3-6 months; the third (additional) group (n=28) - specific life-long therapy depending on procoagulant status which was assessed according to original scale. The main anticoagulants were rivoroxaban or dabigatran etexilate. Recurrent venous thromboembolic complications (RVTE) were observed in one (2.5%) patient of the first group and in 8 (20.5%) cases of the second group. In the third group RVTE were absent (significant differences, p<0.03 and 0.001, respectively). Arterial thromboembolic diseases were noted in 1 (2.5%) patient of the first group, in 4 (10.25%) cases of the second group and in none of the third group (significantly only for group II vs. group III, p<0.01). RESULTS: Individual antithrombotic therapy reduces the incidence of recurrent venous and arterial thromboembolic events in patients with idiopathic deep vein thrombosis.