Novel near-infrared BODIPY-cyclodextrin complexes for photodynamic therapy.

To meet the requirements of diagnosis and treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment with less side-effect. A series of novel BODIPY complexes (BODIPY-CDs) served as PDT agents were first reported to enhance the biocompatibility and water solubility of BODIPY matrix through the click reaction of alkynyl-containing BODIPY and azide-modified cyclodextrin (CD). BODIPY-CDs possessed superior water solubility due to the introduction of CD and their fluorescence emission apparently redshifted (>90 nm) on account of triazole units as the linkers compared to alkynyl-containing BODIPY. Moreover, all the BODIPY-CDs were no cytotoxicity toward NIH 3T3 in different drug concentrations from 12.5 to 200 µg/mL, and had a certain inhibitory effect on tumor HeLa cells. Particularly, BODIPY-ß-CD exhibited high reactive oxygen species generation and excellent photodynamic therapy activity against HeLa cells compared to other complexes. The cell viability of BODIPY-ß-CD was dramatically reduced up to 20% in the concentration of 100 µg/mL upon 808 nm laser irradiation. This architecture might provide a new opportunity to develop valuable photodynamic therapy agents for tumor cells.

Two cases of Kawasaki disease: Clinical characteristics and onset of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms.

BACKGROUND: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a prevalent form of systemic vasculitis that can damage various organs and systems in children. Typical KD is not difficult to diagnose in clinical practice. In recent years, it has been shown that an increasing number of children do not satisfy the diagnostic criteria for typical KD. This condition is known as incomplete KD (IKD). It is challenging to promptly diagnose and treat such children in clinical practice. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 10-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital due to fever and abdominal pain. She presented with shock symptoms. An enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan revealed intestinal pneumatosis, effusion, and gallbladder enlargement, indicating intestinal obstruction. Due to the poor outcome following an emergency laparoscopic cholecystectomy, IKD was suspected. A 3-month-old male pediatric patient was admitted to the hospital due to a fever. Patchy, congestive rashes formed on the patient's body as KD progressed. IKD was suspected based on the clinical signs of fever, rash, and hyperemia of the lips. The two patients were then treated with human immunoglobulin and aspirin treatment. The prognosis for the two children was favorable following prompt treatment. CONCLUSION: Due to the fact that IKD is frequently misdiagnosed, it is vital to (1) improve the patient prognosis for the early identification of children with KD with prolonged fever and anti-infection failure as the initial manifestation and (2) perform timely diagnosis and comprehensive treatment.

The Z-scheme transfer of photogenerated electrons for CO2 photocatalytic reduction over g-ZnO/2H-MoS2 heterostructure.

Effective separation of the photogenerated electrons and holes is critical to improve photocatalytic efficiency. To achieve this, we design a Z-scheme g-ZnO/2H-MoS2 heterostructure to spatially separate the photogenerated carriers promoting the reduction of CO2 on the surface of the heterostructure, through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The g-ZnO/2H-MoS2 heterostructure has a narrow band gap, which is beneficial to speed up the transport of carriers. Simultaneously, the designed heterostructure forms a built-in electric field between the layers to cause band bending, which is very conducive to separate the photogenerated electrons on g-ZnO and the photogenerated holes on 2H-MoS2, and suppress their recombination effectively. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CH4 on g-ZnO/2H-MoS2 is studied. The calculation results show that the Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism reduces the barrier of the potential energy control step compared with pristine g-ZnO and 2H-MOS2. Our calculations lay a theoretical foundation for designing and developing high performance photocatalysts for the photocatalytic reduction of CO2.

Cobalt-based ZIF coordinated hybrids with defective TiO2-x for boosting visible light-driven photo-Fenton-like degradation of bisphenol A.

Designing heterostructure of photocatalyst as an efficient approach to boost visible light-driven photocatalytic degradation, we prepared a series of cobalt-based ZIF coordinated with defective TiO2-x, denoted as B-TiO2-x@ZIF-67 composites, through wrapping defective B-TiO2-x on ZIF-67 for promoting photocatalytic degradation efficiency of biphenyl A. The B-TiO2-x@ZIF-67 composites displayed superior photocatalytic performance to pure TiO2-x or ZIF-67 because of faster separation of photogenerated charge carriers and more suitable redox potentials. Such a novel photo-Fenton-like system composed of B-TiO2-x@ZIF-67/H2O2/visible light accelerated the peroxidative degradation of biphenyl An up to a removal efficiency of 95.30%, which is also higher than that of photocatalysis or Fenton-like reaction alone. In addition, the degradation efficiency of biphenyl A is unchanged after catalyst reuse of four cycles. Integrating the trapping experiments and electrochemical analysis, we found the oxygen vacancy on B-TiO2-x capturing the electrons to promote the separation of photogenerated charges, meanwhile the Co(II) in the composite decomposed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to produce more •OH radical. Both of them mutually boosted the removal efficiency. Finally, feasible degradation pathways of biphenyl A were proposed based on the assay of LC-MS spectrometry. This strategy offers a novel insight into fabrication of Co-ZIF-based TiO2-x materials and application to visible light-driven photocatalytic and Fenton-like degradation reaction.

Two-Dimensional Imine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks as a Platform for Selective Oxidation of Olefins.

Two-dimensional imine-linked covalent organic frameworks with hydroxyl groups, TAPT-DHTA-COFHX and TAPT-DHTA-COFDMF, were respectively constructed by the condensation of 1,3,5-tris-(4-aminophenyl)triazine and 2,5-dihydroxyl-terephthalaldehyde under solvothermal and reflux conditions. Both COFs possess excellent thermal stability and a similar eclipsed stacking structure verified by XRD patterns. However, TAPT-DHTA-COFHX presented a larger surface area (2238 m2/g) and higher crystallinity than TAPT-DHTA-COFDMF. Significantly, copper ions are efficiently incorporated into the pores of these two COFs via the coordination interaction with hydroxyl groups and imine linkers. The obtained copper-containing COFs (Cu-COFHX and Cu-COFDMF) were employed in the selective oxidation of styrene to benzaldehyde. Cu-COFHX with superior surface area (1886 m2/g) and pore volume (1.11 cm3/g) exhibited excellent catalytic performance and recyclability. This strategy not only provides a convenient approach to design imine-linked 2D COFs with hydroxyl groups, but also develops their novel application for catalysis.