Unique Presentation of Hematuria in a Patient with Arterioureteral Fistula.

Active extravasation via an arterioureteral fistula (AUF) is a rare and life-threatening emergency that requires efficient algorithms to save a patient's life. Unfortunately, physicians may not be aware of its presence until the patient is in extremis. An AUF typically develops in a patient with multiple pelvic and aortoiliac vascular surgeries, prior radiation therapy for pelvic tumors, and chronic indwelling ureteral stents. We present a patient with a left internal iliac arterial-ureteral fistula and describe the evolution of management and treatment algorithms based on review of the literature.

Situs ambiguous, levocardia, right sided stomach, obstructing duodenal web, and intestinal nonrotation: a case report.

When approaching a case with a situs abnormality, using the proper terminology, making a specific diagnosis, and understanding the other often associated abnormalities that need to be excluded are of great importance. We present a case of situs ambiguous in the presence of intestinal nonrotation and an obstructing duodenal web. Our patient initially presented at two days old with bilious emesis and failure to pass meconium after birth. An abdominal radiograph demonstrated an unusual bowel gas pattern, a reversed "double bubble" sign. A subsequent thorough imaging survey was crucial to further characterize our patient's unique anatomy. Overall, our case demonstrates many of the unusual plain radiographic and sonographic findings associated with our patient's situs abnormality and allows for review of situs abnormalities and their significance.

Analysis of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of NF kappa B proteins in human leukocytes.

Controlled nucleocytoplasmic localization regulates activity of NF kappa B as well as other transcription factors. Analysis of the nucleocytoplasmic protein shuttling has been greatly facilitated by the use of leptomycin B (LMB), an inhibitor of CRM1-dependent nuclear export. The authors have previously shown that LMB inhibits NF kappa B activity in human neutrophils by increasing the nuclear accumulation of NF kappa B inhibitor, I kappa B alpha. In this chapter, the authors describe a protocol that uses LMB to study the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of I kappa B alpha in human macrophage-like U937 cells, thus inhibiting NF kappa B activity. This protocol should be readily adaptable to analyze the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of other proteins in human leukocytes.