[Evaluation of the hazard of soil-polluting chemicals upon exposure of experimental animals].

The experimental study of the biological activity of the modified calcium chloride produced by a Volgograd plant and that of ash-and-slag of the pharmaceuticals resulting after combustion of a pyrolytic mixture of filtration burning could establish various hazards of these substances.

[Study of the influence of chemical pollution of the environment on the health status of children by noninvasive biochemical diagnosis]. / Issledovanie vluianiia khimicheskogo zagriazneniia okruzhaiushchei sredy na sostoianie zdorov'ia detskogo naseleniia metodami neinvazivnoi biokhimicheskoi diagnostiki.

The paper presents the results of a complex biochemical study of the health status of children from Moscow, the Moscow Region, Yaroslavl, Cherepovets, the Voronezh Region, etc. The presented results allowed the authors to detect renal protective dysfunction in children in relation to environmental pollution. The greatest deviations of the studied parameters were observed in Moscow (Garden Ring, Central Administration Okrug (CAO)) and in the industrial town of Cherepovets (the area in vicinity of the Severostal enterprise). The results of a complex biomedical examination of 486 children in the Moscow CAO were first analyzed. The spread of changes was established in the studied parameters over a time, which indicates the presence of immunodeficiency, immunopathology, renal detoxifying dysfunction, and nasal and oral mucosal changes.

[The epidemiological validation of the MPEL for grain dust in the atmosphere]. / Epidemiologicheskoe obosnovanie PDK zernovoi pyli v atmosfernom vozdukhe.

The use of calculating and gravimetric methods for examining the grain dust pollution of the ambient air at the site of an elevator determined the maximum single, mean daily, and mean annual concentrations at different distances from the source of dust emission. The mean ratio of these concentrations was 12.1:4.3:1, respectively. The calculated concentration-effect and concentration-time relationships provided evidence for the maximum single, mean daily, and mean annual allowable concentrations for grain dust in the ambient air.

[The assessment of the hazard of industrial wastes containing heavy metals]. / Otsenka opasnosti promyshlennykh otkhodov, soderzhashchikh tiazhelye metally.

The results of experimental investigations to evaluate the adverse effects of metal-containing industrial waste on warm-blooded animals are presented. Acute experiments assessing the toxicity of industrial waste were not shown to be informative. Long-term exposure to different industrial wastes was found to have varying toxicity at the cell, organ, and body levels.

[The status of the body protective systems in children in atmospheric pollution by grain dust]. / Sostoianie zashchitnykh sistem organizma detei pri zagriaznenii atmosfernogo vozdukha zernovoi pyl'iu.

The use of noninvasive methods has revealed changes in the detoxification and immune systems in children exposed to grain dust-polluted ambient air. Impaired detoxification and immunity may be considered to be a manifestation of the common pathological mechanism responsible for reduced resistance to adverse factors and they lead to the increased risk of nonspecific infectious processes and allergy in the population.

[Experimental study of the effect of formaldehyde during embryogenesis on the activity of rat liver enzyme systems in ontogenesis]. / Eksperimental'noe izuchenie vozdeistviia formal'degida v period émbriogeneza na aktivnost' fermentnykh sistem pecheni krys v ontogeneze.

The pregnant rats were treated with formaldehyde (0.5 mg/kg daily per os) during whole period of pregnancy. The activity of cytochrome-c-oxidase, malate dehydrogenase, nucleotidase, glucose-6-phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, beta-galactosidase, H(+)-ATPase, glutamate dehydrogenase, NAD- and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and content of protein in liver celts of offsprings (newborns, 2 weeks age and 2 months age) were studied. It was shown differences in development enzyme systems of control and experimental animals during ontogenesis.

[Maximum permissible concentration of acetone cyanohydrin and cyanides in the fresh water]. / Materialy k peresmotru PDK atsetontsiangidrina i tsianidov v vode vodoëmov.

The study of general toxicological mechanism of acetone cyanhydrin and cyanides provided the data for reconsideration of their MACs in the water which is recommended at the level of 0.035 mg/l (as CN for each substance alone and both together).

[A comparative evaluation of the processes of transformation of acetone cyanhydrin in the water of a model reservoir and in laboratory animals]. / Sravnitelnaia otsenka protsessov transformatsii atsetontsiangidrina v vode modelnogo vodoema i v organizme laboratornykh zhivotnykh.

Transformation processes of acetone cyanhydrin in water of model reservoir (10 mg/l) and in body of laboratory animals were studied. Differences of this substance transformation in both cases are compared.

[Activity of the xenobiotic metabolism system under the effect of chemical pollution of the atmosphere and water]. / Issledovanie aktivnosti sistem metabolizma ksenobiotikov pri vozdeistvii khimicheskikh zagriaznenii atmosfery i vody.

Functional state of the system involved in biotransformation of xenobiotics in animal liver tissue was studied under conditions of combined chemical contamination of atmospheric air and water simulating the typical real loading. The model loading studied caused in some cases an induction of the microsomal monooxygenases without activation of UDP-glucuronosyl transferase, but simultaneously with accumulation of malonic dialdehyde; this suggests that metabolic alterations observed may be involved in development of pathology.

[Dynamics of the changes in the basic protective systems of an organism under the influence of unicellular protein]. / Dinamika izmeneniia sostoianiia osnovnykh zashchitnykh sistem organizma v usloviiakh vozdeistviia belka odnokletochnykh.

In the present work the results of study in functional and metabolic reactivity of protective systems are summarized. The early stages of the biological actions of protein-vitamin concentrates obtained from ethanol utilizing yeasts by means of unified test-system were studied.

[Study and evaluation of the health status of various population groups exposed to environmental factors]. / Izuchenie i otsenka sostoianiia zdorov'ia razlichnykh kontingentov naseleniia pri vozdeistvii faktorov okruzhaiuschei sredy.

The system of indicators for monitoring the early and prepathologic body reactions due to the strength and duration of environmental effects of various nature was experimentally developed. The study of the health status of specific population groups provided the approbation results for the recommended biochemical indicators.