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1.
J Med Microbiol ; 73(7)2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38995847

RESUMEN

Introduction. At the end of 2019 and the year before, there was a significant spread of measles in the World Health Organization (WHO) European Region.Gap statement. Among the countries that reported, a measles outbreak was Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH).Aim. To describe the measles outbreak in BiH (an entity of the Federation of BiH, FBiH) in 2019.Methodology. Confirmatory IgM serology, measles nucleic acid detection by real-time RT-PCR and virus genotyping were done in the WHO-accredited laboratory for measles and rubella at the Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo, Unit for Clinical Microbiology. Genotype was determined in all measles-RNA-positive cases by sequence analysis of the 450 nt fragment coding the C-terminal of measles virus nucleoprotein (N).Results. From 1 January to 31 December 2019, 1332 measles cases were reported, with the peak observed in April 2019 (413/1332, 31.01 %). Sarajevo Canton had the highest incidence, number of cases and percentage (206.4; 868/1332; 65.17 %) of measles cases. Around four-fifths of infected persons were unvaccinated (1086/1332, 81.53 %), while 4.58 % of the patients (61/1332) were immunized with one dose of measles-containing vaccine. The highest proportion of cases was found in children 0-6 years of age (738/1332, 55.41 %). Measles IgM positivity was determined in 75.88 % (346/456), while virus RNA was detected in 82.46 % (47/57) of the swab samples. All measles virus sequences belonged to genotype B3. SNP (position 216: C=>T) was detected in 1 of the 40 sequences obtained during this outbreak.Conclusion. Due to suboptimal immunization coverage, BiH belongs to countries at a high risk for measles outbreaks. Post-COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic, targeted and tailored strategies are required to ensure routine vaccination demand and acceptance and broad partner and stakeholder group participation.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Brotes de Enfermedades , Genotipo , Virus del Sarampión , Sarampión , Humanos , Sarampión/epidemiología , Sarampión/virología , Sarampión/prevención & control , Virus del Sarampión/genética , Virus del Sarampión/aislamiento & purificación , Virus del Sarampión/clasificación , Virus del Sarampión/inmunología , Niño , Masculino , Adulto , Preescolar , Adolescente , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Lactante , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Bosnia y Herzegovina/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , ARN Viral/genética , SARS-CoV-2/genética , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , Vacuna Antisarampión/administración & dosificación , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre
2.
Int J Appl Basic Med Res ; 11(1): 50-52, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33842298

RESUMEN

Churg-Strauss syndrome (CCS) or eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare condition, which is a challenge for both diagnosis and treatment in clinical work. Occurrences of cardiac complications represent a negative predictor of treatment outcome for these patients. The aim of this article is to present the diagnostic and therapeutic modality of a 33-year-old male diagnosed with? CCS. Treatment of these patients should be multidisciplinary, with a comprehensive therapeutic modality, while early diagnosis is imperative.

3.
Acta Inform Med ; 24(1): 61-5, 2016 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27041813

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Anti GAD (antibodies on glutamic acid decarboxylase) and anti-IA2 antibodies (against tyrosine phosphatase), today, have their place and importance in diagnosis and prognosis of Type 1 diabetes. Huge number of patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 have these antibodies. Insulin antibodies are of critical importance in diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 1 for pediatric population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During 2014, the samples of 80 patients from Clinical Center University Sarajevo (CCUS) Pediatrics clinic's, Endocrinology department were analyzed on anti-GAD and IA2 antibodies. The samples of serums of all patients were analyzed with ELISA tests using Anti GAD ELISA (IgG) kites from EUROIMMUN company. These are quantitative in vitro tests for human antibodies against decarboxylase of glutamine acid (GAD) and IA2, in serum or EDTA plasm. RESULTS: During the period of one year, in CCUS's Organizational unit, Institute for Clinical Immunology, 80 samples of patients with anti GAD and IA2 antibodies were analyzed. Out of total number of samples, 41 were male patients, or 51% and 39 female, or 49%. The youngest patient was born in 2012, and the oldest in 1993. Age average was represented by the patients born in 2001. Share of positive results for IA2 antibodies and GAD antibodies was 37% for IA2 antibodies, and 63% for GAD antibodies. DISCUSSION: During an autoimmune - mediated Diabetes mellitus type 1 leads to T-cell mediated destruction of beta cells of pancreatic islets, reduced production of insulin and glucose metabolism. Studies have shown that these bodies are the most intense single marker for identifying persons with increased risk for diabetes development.

4.
Med Arch ; 66(4): 222-5, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22919874

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: In this study authors have analyzed the correlation between the IgG immunoglobulins in cerebrospinal fluid and the findings of oligoclonal bands on gel. Immunoglobulin IgG in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be detected in neurological diseasses (infections and inflammatory neurological diseases and in demyelinating diseases, like multiple sclerosis (MS)). Quantitative IgG in CSF can be expressed by different formulae Reiber (Reiber and Felgenhauer 1987), Tourtellotte (Tourtellotte 1970), Schuller (Schuller and Sagar 1983) and IgG Index (Link and Tibbling 1977). In this study we used Reibergram. Qualitative CSF IgG can be measured by electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing (IEF). We used IEF for analysig CSF and seum because of its higher sensitivity. AIMS OF THE STUDY: To determine the correlation of immunoglobulins IgG positivity in CSF with the finding of oligoclonal bands on the gel. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The retrospective study based on data processed in OJ Clinical Immunology KCUS. Patients were suspicious of multiple sclerosis according to clinical findings and magnetic resonance imaging. All CSF and serum samples were processed by nephelometry, isoelectric focusing on the gel. Statistical analysis of intrathecal synthesis was also performed according to Reibergram. RESULTS: Analyses were performed on 76 samples of cerebrospinal fluid and serum of patients from neurological clinic, suspected of multiple sclerosis. We received following results: 42 samples tested had type 1.25 samples tested showed type 2.3 samples had type 3.5 samples had type 4.1 sample had a fifth type. When we compare these results with values obtained by intrathecal synthesis of which is determined by Reibergram we obtained the following values: 16 samples had intrathecal synthesis of 20%-60%, 9 samples had a negative value of intrathecal synthesis of 10% or less. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: For most patients with established MS we found intrathecal humoral response, type two, and the number and arrangement of IgG bands generally does not change during the disease, because they reflect long-term non-specific immune stimulation rather than a specific immune response that during infectious disease changes (quantitatively and qualitatively).


Asunto(s)
Inmunoglobulina G/líquido cefalorraquídeo , Esclerosis Múltiple/diagnóstico , Bandas Oligoclonales/análisis , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Focalización Isoeléctrica , Nefelometría y Turbidimetría
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