RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Routinely, naked eye and a magnified glass are used to observe the specimens during grossing procedure. Stereomicroscope is a significant adjuvant to examine a variety of specimens and it enables us to examine the surface details of the specimen efficiently. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess the role of stereomicroscope in macroscopic examination and its effectiveness in the study of surface details of the specimen, thereby evaluating its role as an effective tool in grossing and histopathological diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of routine specimens received by the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Hyderabad, between July 15, 2018, and September 15, 2018. All the specimens were photographed under direct daylight ad later examined under stereomicroscope. The images were compared and grossing was carried out. The grossed specimen were processed using standard procedure and histopathological diagnosis was made. RESULTS: Compared to naked eye, the stereomicroscopic observation of specimens showed better details which helped in proper orientation of the specimen. CONCLUSION: Stereomicroscope aids as an adjuvant for proper orientation of the specimen which helps in arriving at an accurate final diagnosis.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignancy of oral cavity and is commonly preceded by oral potentially malignant disorders. Glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) protein expression is upregulated in malignant cells that show increased glucose uptake. Alterations in GLUT-1 expression have been reported in several potentially malignant and malignant lesions. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aims and objectives of this study were to analyze and assess the role of GLUT-1 immunomarker in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and OSCC, to demonstrate and analyze the presence, location and intensity of GLUT-1 immunomarker in low-risk and high-risk OEDs and in different grades of OSCC and to correlate the expression of GLUT-1 immunomarker between normal oral mucosa (NOM), OED and different grades of OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY: A total of ninety paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, 15 each of NOM; low-risk and high-risk OED and well, moderately and poorly differentiated OSCC were stained with the immunomarker GLUT-1. RESULTS AND OBSERVATION: GLUT-1 immunoexpression was statistically significant in terms of number of positive cells, staining intensity, IRS score and level of staining within the epithelium and also within the cell between NOM, OED and OSCC. CONCLUSION: Increased GLUT-1 expression has a consistent role in the malignant transformation of OED and aggressiveness of OSCC.
