Influencing Factors of Three-Dimensional Amide Proton Transfer Weighted Imaging on Right Kidney in Normal Chinese / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose The study aims to investigate the effects of various ages,genders and body mass index(BMI)on amide proton transfer weighted(APTw)in the right kidney of normal Chinese.Materials and Methods A total of 182 healthy volunteers enrolled from September 2021 to February 2022 at Xi'an GaoXin Hospital were prospectively performed.There were 7 groups(11-80 years)according to age per 10 years;2 groups according to gender,male and female;4 groups according to BMI,slim group,normal group,overweight group and obese group.3D-APTw imaging of the right kidney was performed via intermittent breath-holding.The correlation between APT values and age and BMI was analyzed,and the differences in APT values between age groups,different BMI groups and gender were analyzed,respectively.Results A total of 131 cases were finally included.There was a weak positive correlation between APT and age(r=0.325,P<0.001).There were statistical difference in APT values among different age groups(F=3.566,P=0.003),the post-hoc analysis showed that the APT values of 11-20 years[(1.853±0.357)%]old group was significantly lower than those of 41-50 years[(2.387±0.432)%]old group and 51-60 years[(2.336±0.451)%]old group(P<0.05);the APT value of male[1.980(2.320,1.820)%]was significantly lower than that of female[2.284(2.586,1.825)%;Z=2.301,P=0.021].There was a very weak positive correlation between APT and BMI(r=0.181,P=0.039),with statistically different APT values among BMI groups(F=3.265,P=0.024).The results of intra-group analysis showed that APT values in emaciation group were significantly lower than those in normal group,overweight group and obesity group,respectively(all P<0.05).Conclusion The APT value of the right kidney may be correlated with age and BMI,with males lower than females.The effect of age,gender and BMI on APT on the clinical application of 3D-APTw may be considered.

Clinical observation of kidney-tonifying and mind-calming acupuncture therapy in the treatment of perimenopausal insomnia / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To observe the effects of kidney-tonifying and mind-calming acupuncture therapy on sleep,mood,sex hormone levels,and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms in patients with perimenopausal insomnia(PMI). Methods:A total of 90 patients with PMI were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,with 45 cases in each group.Patients in the treatment group were treated with acupuncture at Shenshu(BL23),Taixi(KI3),Baihui(GV20),and Anmian(Extra).The control group was treated with sham acupuncture.Both groups were treated 3 times a week for 4 weeks.Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and insomnia severity index(ISI)were used to evaluate the sleep quality of the subjects before treatment,after treatment,and 1 month after treatment(follow-up).Beck depression inventory(BDI)and Beck anxiety inventory(BAI)were used to evaluate the depression and anxiety of the subjects before treatment,after treatment,and at 1-month follow-up.The TCM symptom scale was used to evaluate the TCM symptoms of the subjects before treatment,after treatment,and 1 month after treatment.Serum levels of estradiol(E2),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),and luteinizing hormone(LH)were measured before and after treatment. Results:During the study,2 cases dropped out of the treatment group,and no cases dropped out of the control group.The PSQI scores of the treatment group were significantly lower after treatment and at 1-month follow-up compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the difference was statistically significant compared with that of the control group(P<0.05).In the control group,the PSQI score was significantly lower after treatment compared with before treatment(P<0.05),and the difference was not statistically significant at 1-month follow-up compared with before treatment(P>0.05).Compared with the pre-treatment,the ISI,BDI,BAI,and TCM symptom scale scores of the treatment group were lower after treatment and at 1-month follow-up(P<0.05),and the differences with the control group at the same time point were statistically significant(P<0.05).The differences in ISI,BDI,BAI,and TCM symptom scale scores of the control group before treatment,after treatment,and at 1-month follow-up were not statistically significant(P>0.05).After treatment,the serum E2 level in the treatment group was significantly higher than that before treatment(P<0.05),and the difference with the control group was statistically significant(P<0.05).The difference in the serum E2 level before and after treatment in the control group was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The differences in the serum FSH and LH levels between before and after treatment were not statistically significant in either group of subjects(P>0.05). Conclusion:Kidney-tonifying and mind-calming acupuncture therapy can improve sleep quality,relieve anxiety and depression,delay the decrease of serum E2 level,and improve related TCM symptoms in patients with PMI.

Exploration of the effects of Huayu qutan formula on atherosclerosis in ApoE－/－ mice based on EETs-mediated pyroptosis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects and mechanism of Huayu qutan formula on atherosclerosis （AS） in ApoE－/－ mice. METHODS Thirty ApoE－/－ mice were randomly divided into model group， Huayu qutan formula group [20 g/（kg·d）]， rosuvastatin group [1.55 mg/（kg·d）]， with 10 mice in each group. Another 10 C57BL/6J mice were selected as normal control group. ApoE－/－ mice were given high-lipid diet for 12 weeks to induce AS model. After modeling， each group was given relevant medicine or normal saline intragastrically， once a day， for 4 consecutive weeks. After the last administration， the levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL- C）， 5，6-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid （5，　6-EET）， 8，9-EET， 11，12-EET， 14，15-EET， interleukin-1β （IL-1β） and IL-18 in serum were detected； mRNA expressions of inhibitor of nuclear factor κB （IκB）， nuclear factor κB （NF-κB）， NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 （NLRP3）， Caspase-1， IL-1β and IL-18 in the aortic tissue of mice were detected； protein expression levels of IκB， NF- κB， NLRP3， apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD （ASC）， Caspase-1， gasdermin D （GSDMD）， IL-1β and IL-18 in the aortic tissue of mice were detected. The morphological changes of the aortic tissue were observed. RESULTS Compared with model group， the serum levels of TC， TG， LDL-C， IL-1β and IL-18， the mRNA expressions of IκB， NF-κB， NLRP3， Caspase-1， IL-1β and IL-18 in aortic tissue， and the protein expressions of IκB， NF-κB， NLRP3， ASC， Caspase-1， GSDMD， IL-1β and IL-18 were all decreased significantly in Huayu qutan formula group and rosuvastatin group （P＜0.05）， while the serum levels of 5，6-EET， 8，9-EET， 11，12-EET and 14，15-EET were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. The aortic atherosclerotic plaques were alleviated significantly. CONCLUSIONS Huayu qutan formula can play role of anti-AS through EETs-mediated pyroptosis.

Analysis of clinicopathological features, therapeutic efficacy, prognosis and mutation in 11 patients with cardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features, mutation, therapeutic efficacy and the factors influencing the prognosis of patients with cardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods:A retrospective case series study was performed. The clinical data of 11 cardiac DLBCL patients in Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. NovaSeq sequencing platform was used to detect gene mutations in 5 patients, and bioinformatics analysis of sequencing data was conducted through public database to identify the mutation sites of pathogenic genes. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the progression-free survival (PFS) and the overall survival (OS). Univariate Cox proportional risk model was used to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis.Results:Among 11 patients with cardiac DLBCL, 5 were male and 6 were female. The age [ M ( Q1, Q3)] was 61 years (45 years, 70 years). All 11 patients were non-germinal center B-cell (non-GCB) type. There were 2 primary cases and 9 secondary cases; 9 cases with Ann Arbor stage of Ⅲ-Ⅳ, 10 cases with increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and 9 cases with international prognostic index (IPI) score equal to or higher than 3 scores. Among 11 patients, 9 cases received a first-line treatment based on the R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, epirubicin/doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes, vincristine and prednisone) regimen, of which 8 patients achieved complete remission (CR), and 1 patient achieved stable disease (SD); 1 patient received IR2 (ibrutinib + rituximab + lenalidomide) treatment regimen and achieved SD, and 1 patient received supportive treatment only and achieved progression of the disease. The follow-up time was 39.9 months (25.6 months, 57.3 months). The 3-year PFS rate and 3-year OS rate of 11 patients was 54.5%, 77.9 %, respectively. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that gender, B symptoms, Ann Arbor stage, LDH level, number of extranodal lesions, IPI score were not correlated with PFS and OS of patients (all P > 0.05). Among 5 cases undergoing gene detection, KMT2D mutations and PIM1 mutations were detected in 2 cases,respectively. Interestingly, KMT2D mutations were only found in secondary cardiac DLBCL patients (2/3), while PIM1 mutations were only detected in primary cardiac DLBCL patients (2/2). Conclusions:Most cardiac DLBCL patients are non-GCB type and have advanced clinical stage, while may benefit from R-CHOP treatment regimen. PIM1 and KMT2D are the commonly mutated genes in cardiac DLBCL.

Risk prediction model of enteral nutrition intolerance in elderly patients with severe pneumonia in intensive care unit / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To analyze the risk factors of enteral nutrition intolerance in elderly patients with severe pneumonia(SP)in intensive care unit(ICU)and construct its prediction model.Methods A total of 140 elderly patients with severe pneumonia in ICU ward of the First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected.According to the tolerance of enteral nutrition,they were divided into tolerance group(n=82)and intolerance group(n=58).Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of enteral nutrition intolerance in elderly patients with severe pneumonia in ICU.The risk prediction model was constructed,and the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to evaluate the prediction effect of the model.Results Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that acute gastrointestinal injury(AGI),intra-abdominal pressure(IAP),and the use of antibiotics≥2 were independent influencing factors of enteral nutrition intolerance in elderly patients with severe pneumonia in ICU(P<0.05).The Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test was used to evaluate the fitting effect of the equation.The area under the curve was 0.867(95%CI:0.750-0.984),the sensitivity was 87.8%,and the specificity was 85.1%.Conclusion The risk prediction model constructed in this study can effectively predict the risk of enteral nutrition intolerance in elderly patients with severe pneumonia in ICU.

Analysis of factors influencing elevated blood pressure and overweight/obesity and their comorbidities among Tibetan middle school students in Lhasa City / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and overweight/obesity and their comorbidities among Tibetan middle school students in Lhasa, and to analyze their association with lifestyle and other factors, so as to provide a basis for the intervention measures targeting elevated blood pressure, overweight and obesity among middle school students in high altitude area.@*Methods@#Using a stratified cluster random sampling method in September 2021, a total of 1 488 Tibetan junior and high students from Lhasa City were investigated with blood pressure measurement, physical examination and questionnaire survey. The influencing factors of elevated blood pressure, overweight and obesity and their comorbidities association were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.@*Results@#The prevalence of elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity and their comorbidities were 17.8%, 17.4% , 5.0% respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age( OR =0.81), residence, body mass inex(BMI) and gender were the influencing factors of elevated blood pressure; and the risks of elevated blood pressure in female students were higher than male students ( OR =1.89), suburban students were higher than urban students ( OR =8.06), overweight and obesity groups were higher than normal groups ( OR =2.55, 2.87) ( P <0.05). Adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, residence and school, and BMI (only for elevated blood pressure), daily screen time ≥2 h was positively correlated with elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity and its comorbidities ( OR =1.56, 1.59 , 2.51) ( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity are relatively high in Lhasa. Longer screen time is a common factor affecting with elevated blood pressure, overweight/obesity and comorbidities among Tibetan students. Measures should be taken intervene in the lifestyle of Tibetan students, in order to reduce elevated blood pressure and overweight/obesity.

Rupture of catheter in implantable venous access port:analysis of cause and incidence management in 4 cases of paediatric patients / 现代临床护理

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the underlying causes of catheter rupture in implantable venous assess ports among 4 paediatric patients and to summarise nursing experiences.Methods A total of 319 implantations of venous assess port were admitted in the Department of Paediatric Surgery of our hospital from March 2011 to January 2023,with an incidence rate of catheter fracture at 1.3%(4 cases).The ruptured catheters in all 4 paediatric patients were successfully retrieved via surgery.The reasons for catheter rupture as well as the methods for identification were analysed and summarised.Results In Case 1,a catheter rupture was located at 6 cm from the port and the ruptured catheter was not displaced.In Case 2,a linear crack was observed at 7 cm from the base of port without visible sign of catheter rupture,however,a leakage was observed from the crack when fluid was injected.In Case 3,the location of catheter rupture was identified at 11 cm from the port and again there was no evidence of displacement.However for Case 4,a catheter rupture occurred at just 1 cm away from the base of port,with a displacement along right atrium-right pulmonary artery-right inferior pulmonary artery.The causes of catheter rupture were attributed to frequent and prolonged neck and upper extremity activities in Cases 1,3 and 4,as well as an inappropriate handling of catheter in Case 2.After removal of the catheter,Cases 1,2 and 4 were kept in hospital for treatment of original illnesses,while Case 3 was discharged the day after the removal of catheter.Conclusion Catheter rupture is an extremely serious complication.It is imperative for healthcare personnel to adhere to standardised procedures and maintenance protocols,together with comprehensive health education to both parents and children.Early detection of an abnormality followed by prompt handling is crucial in ensuring the safety usage of an implantable venous assess port in paediatric patients.

Role of menopausal hormone therapy in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

The use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has declined due to concerns about its potential side effects. However, its pivotal role in managing postmenopausal osteoporosis is gaining increased recognition. In this article, we explore how MHT assists postmenopausal women in maintaining bone health and preventing fractures. Recent research indicates that MHT significantly reduces the risk of fractures in women. This benefit is evident regardless of a woman's bone mineral density or their use of progestogens. However, there is limited evidence suggesting that the skeletal benefits continue once the treatment is discontinued. Possible complications of MHT include heart attacks, clots, strokes, dementia, and breast cancer. The most suitable candidates for MHT are women who have recently entered menopause, are experiencing menopausal symptoms, and are below 60 years of age with a minimal baseline risk of adverse events. The treatment is available to those who meet these criteria. For women undergoing premature menopause, MHT can be considered as a means to protect bone health, especially if initiated before menopause or if accelerated bone loss is documented soon after menopause. Such decisions should be made after evaluating individual risk factors and benefits.

Assessment of ecotoxicity effects of aspirin on non-target organism (Daphnia magna) via analysis of the responses of oxidative stress, DNA methylation-related genes expressions and life traits changes.

Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA), a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was frequently detected in aquatic environments around the world. However, information on the potential toxic effects of aspirin on non-target aquatic invertebrates is limited. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ASA on the transcriptional expressions of antioxidant genes (Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1, GCLC, GPx, TRX, TrxR and Prx1) and DNA methylation genes (DNMT1, DNMT3 and TET2) in Daphnia magna (D. magna)for 24, 48 and 96 h and the changes of antioxidant enzymatic activity and GSH, MDA content for 48 h. The effects of ASA on the life traits of D. magna were also addressed via a 21-days chronic toxicity test. Results showed that the expressions of Nrf2 and its target genes (HO-1, GPx and TrxR, GCLC, TRX and Prx1) were induced to different degrees at 48 h and/or 96 h. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GST and GPx) and MDA content increased but GSH content decreased, indicating that ASA caused oxidative stress in D. magna. ASA also changed the expression of DNA methylation genes, such as DNMT and TET2, in D. magna. We speculated that ASA may affect the antioxidant system responses through regulation of Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, and/or through indirectly influencing DNA methylation levels by DNMT and TET gene expression, but the detailed mechanism needs further investigations. Chronic exposure to ASA for 21 days caused inhibitions on the growth, reproduction and behavior of D. magna (e.g., delaying days to the first brood and shortening the body length). In summary, ASA significantly affected the antioxidant responses of D. magna, and negatively disturbed its life traits in growth, development and reproduction.

Analysis of refractive error factors in patients with high myopia combined with cataract after different operation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the changes in anterior chamber depth(ACD), axial length(AL), and corneal curvature(K)after operation in patients with high axial myopia combined with cataract, and the effect on postoperative mean refractive error(MFE)by different surgical approaches.METHODS: A total of 126 patients(126 eyes)performed cataract combined with intraocular lens(IOL)implantation were selected and divided into 3 groups according to different surgical approaches and axial length. Group A included 42 patients(42 eyes)who had cataract combined with high myopia and were performed cataract phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation; Group B included 42 patients(42 eyes)who had cataract combined with high myopia and underwent small incision cataract extracapsular extraction combined with IOL implantation; Group C included 42 patients(42 eyes)who had cataract with normal axial length and underwent cataract phacoemulsification combined with IOL implantation. Then, the ACD, AL, K value and visual acuity of the three groups at 1d before operation and 3mo after operation were measured, and statistical analysis was performed.RESULTS: The differences in the mean values of preoperative and postoperative changes in ACD(△ACD)and AL(△AL)between groups A and B showed no statistical significance. The differences in the mean values of △ACD and △AL between groups A and C and groups B and C were both statistically significant(both P&#x0026;#x003C;0.01). △ACD and △AL in all three groups showed positive correlation(rA=0.855, rB=0.856, rC=0.639, all P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). Furthermore, preoperative AL, △AL, △ACD and MFE in all three groups showed positive correlation(rA=0.874, 0.877, 0.858, rB=0.875, 0.879, 0.858, rC=0.428, 0.766, 0.862, all P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). The standardized regression coefficients of groups A and B were △AL&#x0026;#x003E;△ACD(1.32 and 1.31 times), and the standardized regression coefficients of group C were △ACD&#x0026;#x003E;△AL(1.66 times).CONCLUSION: Different surgical procedures had no significant effect on the postoperative K value and MFE in patients with high axial myopia combined with cataract, of which main influencing factor is the change in the AL before and after surgery. The postoperative MFE in patients with normal AL was more due to the change of ACD.

Acupuncture for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture for delayed sleep-wake phase disorder (DSWPD).@*METHODS@#A total of 84 patients with DSWPD were randomized into an observation group (42 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (42 cases, 3 cases dropped off). On the basis of sleep hygiene education, acupuncture was applied at Shenmai (BL 62), Zhaohai (KI 6), Hegu (LI 4), Taichong (LR 3), Zusanli (ST 36) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) in the observation group, while placebo acupuncture was applied at the same acupoints in the control group. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks, once every other day, 3 times a week in the 1st to 4th weeks; once every 3 days, 2 times a week in the 5th to 8th weeks. Before and after treatment, the actigraphy (ACT) indexes of objective sleep (total time of stay in bed, total sleep time, sleep efficiency, the number of awakenings and the wake time after falling asleep) and plasma cortisol (CORT) level were observed; before and after treatment and in follow-up of 1, 3 months after treatment, the scores of morningness-eveningness questionnaire (MEQ), insomnia severity index (ISI), fatigue severity scale (FSS) and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were observed in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the total sleep time was prolonged, the sleep efficiency was improved, the number of awakenings was reduced, and the wake time after falling asleep was shortened after treatment in the observation group (P<0.01, P<0.05), and those in the observation group after treatment were superior to the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared before treatment, the MEQ scores after treatment in both groups and in the follow-up of 1, 3 months after treatment in the observation group were increased (P<0.01), and the MEQ score of each time point after treatment in the observation group was higher than the control group (P<0.01). The scores of ISI, FSS and ESS after treatment, and the scores of ISI、ESS in follow-up of 1, 3 months after treatment in the observation group were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.01, P<0.05), and in the observation group, the scores of ISI, FSS and ESS of each time point after treatment were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05). After treatment, the plasma CORT level in the observation group was decreased compared with that before treatment and that in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture can improve the sleep and wake phase of patients with DSWPD, improve sleep quality and daytime function, and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of plasma CORT level.

Bushen Anshen acupuncture for perimenopausal insomnia of kidney-yin deficiency: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of Bushen Anshen acupuncture (acupuncture for tonifying kidney and calming spirit ) in treating perimenopausal insomnia (PMI) of kidney-yin deficiency.@*METHODS@#A total of 72 patients with PMI of kidney-yin deficiency were randomized into an observation group (36 cases, 1 case dropped off) and a control group (36 cases, 1 case dropped off). Acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20) and bilateral Shenshu (BL 23), Taixi (KI 3), Anmian (Extra) in the observation group, while sham acupuncture of shallow needling at non-acupoints was applied in the control group. The treatment was required once every other day, 3 times a week for 10 times in the two groups. Before and after treatment, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) was used to evaluate the subjective sleep quality, and polysomnography (PSG) was used to monitor the objective sleep quality in the two groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the scores of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, hypnotic, daytime dysfunction and total score of PSQI were decreased compared with those before treatment in the observation group (P<0.01), the scores of sleep duration, sleep efficiency and total score of PSQI were decreased compared with those before treatment in the control group (P<0.05); the scores of sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, hypnotic and total score of PSQI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the sleep time was prolonged, the sleep efficiency was improved, the sleep latency and the awake time after falling asleep were shortened, the arousal awake index was reduced (P<0.01) when PSG indexes were monitored, and the percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep period 1 (N1%) was decreased while the percentage of non-rapid eye movement sleep period 3 (N3%) was increased (P<0.05) compared with those before treatment in the observation group; there was no statistical difference in the PSG indexes compared with those before treatment in the control group (P>0.05). After treatment, compared with the control group, the sleep time was prolonged, the sleep efficiency was improved, the sleep latency and the awake time after falling asleep were shortened, the arousal awake index and N1% were decreased in the observation group (P<0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#Bushen Anshen acupuncture can effectively improve the subjective and objective sleep quality in PMI patients of kidney-yin deficiency.

Evaluation of Extrathyroidal Extension of Papillary Thyroid Microcarcinoma With Three-Dimensional Tomographic Ultrasound Imaging / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To evaluate extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) with three-dimensional tomographic ultrasound imaging (3D-TUI). Methods A total of 97 thyroid nodules of 79 patients with PTMC treated in PUMC Hospital from February 2016 to January 2018 were included in this study.Two ultrasound experts performed independent blinded assessment of the relationship between thyroid nodules and thyroid capsule by two-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US) and 3D-TUI.The results of 2D-US and 3D-TUI in evaluating ETE were compared with intraoperative findings and postoperative histological and pathological results. Results Among the 97 nodules,54 (55.7%) nodules had ETE.The diagnostic sensitivity (68.5% vs.37.0%;χ2=10.737,P=0.002),accuracy (74.5% vs.56.7%;χ2=6.686,P=0.015),and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve[0.761 (95%CI=0.677-0.845) vs.0.592 (95%CI=0.504-0.680);Z=3.500,P<0.001] of 3D-TUI were higher than those of 2D-US.However,3D-TUI and 2D-US showed no significant difference in the specificity (84.1% vs.81.4%;χ2=0.081,P=0.776),negative predictive value (67.9% vs.50.7%;χ2=3.645,P=0.066),or positive predictive value (84.1% vs.71.4%;χ2=1.663,P=0.240). Conclusion Compared with 2D-US,3D-TUI demonstrates increased diagnostic efficiency for ETE of PTMC.

Application of automatic injection device based on automatic hemostasis in injection of radiopharmaceutical bolus injection / 生物医学工程学杂志

In clinical practice, radiopharmaceutical dynamic imaging technology requires the bolus injection method to complete injection. Due to the failure rate and radiation damage of manual injection, even experienced technicians still bear a lot of psychological burden. This study combined the advantages and disadvantages of various manual injection modes to develop the radiopharmaceutical bolus injector, and explored the application of automatic injection in the field of bolus injection from four aspects: radiation protection, occlusion response, sterility of injection process and effect of bolus injection. Compared with the current mainstream manual injection method, the bolus manufactured by the radiopharmaceutical bolus injector based on the automatic hemostasis method had a narrower full width at half maximum and better repeatability. At the same time, radiopharmaceutical bolus injector had reduced the radiation dose of the technician's palm by 98.8%, and ensured more efficient vein occlusion recognition performance and sterility of the entire injection process. The radiopharmaceutical bolus injector based on automatic hemostasis has application potential in improving the effect and repeatability of bolus injection.

Research progress of anti-fibrotic drugs that inhibit epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pulmonary fibrosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Pulmonary fibrosis is the end-stage pathological change of lung diseases, which seriously affects the respiratory function of human body. A large number of studies at home and abroad have confirmed that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important intermediate stage in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Inhibition of multiple pathways upstream and downstream of EMT, such as the classical Smads pathway and non-Smads pathway of TGF-1 can effectively inhibit the process of EMT and alleviate pulmonary fibrosis. This article will review the main conclusions of the mechanism of action of EMT as a target to improve the pathology of pulmonary fibrosis so far, and provide a theoretical basis and research direction for further research and development of anti-pulmonary fibrosis drugs.

Effects of Liujun Anwei Prescription on NF-κB and iNOS protein in small intestine of mice with chemotherapy-related diarrhea based on mass spectrometry and network pharmacology / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To investigate the potential key targets of Liujun Anwei Prescription and its effects on NF-κB/iNOS-NO in small intestine of mice with chemotherapy- associated diarrhea; To reveal the anti-inflammatory components and molecular mechanism.Methods:UPLC-Q/TOF MS combined with UNIFI software was used to analyze the chemical components of Liujun Anwei Prescription. PubChem database was searched to obtain the active components of Liujun Anwei Prescription, and the Swiss Target Prediction was used to predict the targets. The database of DisGeNET, OMIM and GeneCards were searched to obtain the targets of chemotherapy-related diarrhea. The potential targets of Liujun Anwei Prescription in the treatment of chemotherapy-related diarrhea diseases were obtained by crossing the targets of active components of Liujun Anwei Prescription and those related to diarrhea diseases. The PPI network and component-target-pathway network were constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1 software, and the intersecting targets were analyzed by GO and KEGG based on David Database. The potential active components and potential targets predicted in the network were verified by using Autodock software. 60 C57BL/6J male mice were divided into normal control group, model group, positive control group and Liujun Anwei Prescription high-, medium- and low-dosage groups according to random number table method, with 10 mice in each group. In addition to the normal control group, the other groups of mice were intraperitoneally injected with 5-fluorouracil injection 50 mg/kg preparation to construct CID mouse model. After 14 days, the expressions of NF-κB and iNOS in jejunum were detected by Western blot.Results:A total of 197 compounds were identified, and 156 key compounds of Liujun Anwei Prescription were screened, involving 82 potential targets, mainly through NOS2 and other key targets, playing a role through cancer pathway, PI3K-Akt, NF-κB signal pathway. The experimental results showed that Liujun Anwei Prescription could significantly down-regulate the protein expressions of NF-κB and iNOS.Conclusion:This study reveals the pharmacodynamic material basis of Liujun Anwei Prescription, which can be achieved by decreaseing the levels of NF-κB and iNOS to affect the inflammatory response of intestinal tissue, improve intestinal mucosal barrier function, and thus improve chemotherapy related diarrhea.

Effect of single nucleotide variation of PFN1 gene on osteoporosis and bone metabolism after stroke / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective:To explore the correlation between the single nucleotide variation of profibrin-1 (PFN1) gene and secondary osteoporosis (OP) after stroke and its influence on bone metabolism indexes.Methods:120 patients with post-stroke hemiplegia who were treated in our hospital from Jan. 2019 to Jun. 2023 were selected as study objects and divided into OP group and non-OP group. Levels of vitamin D[25- (OH) D], tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) , osteocalcin (BGP) , serum type I procollagen amino terminal prolongation brain (P1NP) and type I collagen basal terminal β special sequence (β-CTX) were detected in all patients. Two SNPS (rs6559 and rs78224458) in PFN1 gene were genotyped.Results:There were significant differences in serum 25- (OH) D, TRAP, P1NP and β-CTX levels between OP group and non-OP group ( P<0.05) . The GG, GA and AA genotypes at rs6559 of PFN1 gene were significantly different between OP and non-OP patients ( P<0.05) . The combined model showed that compared with GG genotype carriers, the risk of secondary OP in GA and AA genotype carriers was 3.250 and 5.417 times higher, respectively. The results of the dominant model showed that the risk of secondary OP was 3.792 times higher in patients with mutant genes (GA or AA) than in patients with GG genotype. Recessive model results showed that patients with AA genotype had a 3.810-fold increased risk of secondary OP compared with GG and GA carriers. There was no significant difference in TT, TC, CC genotype distribution, genetic model and allele frequency at rs78224458 of PFN1 gene between OP patients and non-OP patients ( P>0.05) . There were no significant differences in 25- (OH) D, TRAP or BGP among the rs6559 GG, GA and AA genotypes of PFN1 gene ( P>0.05) , while there were significant differences in P1NP andβ-CTX levels among the three groups ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:The rs78224458 variation of PFN1 gene is associated with secondary OP in patients with hemiplegia after stroke, and may affect the bone metabolism indexes of patients.

Effect of Yinchenhao Decoction on"Intestinal TPH1-Hepatic HTR2A Axis"in Mice with Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective To explore the mechanism of Yinchenhao Decoction in preventing and treating MAFLD based on"Intestinal TPH1-hepatic HTR2A axis".Methods Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were arbitrarily splited up into control group,model group and Yinchenhao decoction group,eight in each group.Mice in the Yinchenhao decoction group and model group were fed with high-fat diet.After 12 weeks,the Yinchenhao decoction group was given Yinchenhao decoction by gavage,once a day for 4 consecutive weeks.Histopathological changes were observed by HE staining and oil red O staining.Serum HDL-C,LDL-C,TC,TG,AST,ALT and 5-HT contents,liver TC,TG,DAG,PLC contents were detected.Intestinal TPH1,SERT and liver HTR2A,SREBP-1c,GPAT1,FASN mRNA levels;Intestinal TPH1,SERT and liver HTR2A,SREBP-1c,GPAT1,FASN,P-PI3K,PKC-ε,P-AKT,P-mTOR protein expression level were detected.Results In the control group,the hepatocytes were arranged neatly without significant steatosis;In the model group,the hepatocytes were swollen in volume with significant steatosis;Compared with the control group,hepatocyte steatosis was significantly reduced in the Yinchenhao decoction group.Compared with the control group,liver lipid deposition was significantly higher in the model group,and the Yinchenhao decoction group significantly improved liver lipid deposition.Compared with the control group,the liver TG,TC levels in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.05);the serum AST,ALT,HDL-C,LDL-C,TG,TC levels were significantly increased(P<0.05);the serum 5-HT and liver DAG,PLC was significantly increased(P<0.05);the mRNA expression levels of HTR2A,SREBP-1c,GPAT1,FASN in the liver and TPH1 in the Intestinal were significantly increased,SERT in the Intestinal were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the protein expression levels of HTR2A,SREBP-1c,GPAT1,FASN,P-PI3K,P-AKT,P-mTOR,PKC-ε in the liver were significantly increased,and TPH1 in the Intestinal were significantly increased,SERT in the Intestinal were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the liver TG,TC levels in Yinchenhao decoction group were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the serum AST,ALT,LDL-C and TG levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the serum 5-HT and liver DAG,PLC level was significantly decreased;The mRNA expression levels of HTR2A,SREBP-1c,GPAT1,FASN in the liver and TPH1 in the Intestinal were significantly decreased,SERT in the Intestinal were significantly increased(P<0.05);the protein expression levels of HTR2A,SREBP-1c,GPAT1,FASN,P-PI3K,P-AKT,P-mTOR,PKC-ε in the liver were significantly decreased and TPH1 in the Intestinal were significantly increased,SERT in the Intestinal were significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion Yinchenhao decoction may regulate liver TG synthesis through Intestinal TPH1-hepatic HTR2A axis,thereby inhibiting the occurrence and development of MAFLD.

The Association of gut Microbiota with Serum Metabolites in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Damp-Heat Accumulation Syndrome / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the gut microbiota of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver(NAFLD)damp-heat accumulation syndrome and its correlation with serum metabolites.Methods 40 NAFLD patients with damp-heat accumulation,19 NAFLD patients with depressed liver and deficient spleen and 32 healthy people were selected,using 16 SrRNA amplicon sequencing technology and LC-MS/MS technology to test gut microbiota and serum metabolites.The correlation between gut microbiota and serum metabolites was analyzed using Spearman rank correlation.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the relative abundance of Shigella and Collinsella in the NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group was higher,and the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium was lower,there was no difference between NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group and depressed liver and deficient spleen group.Compared with the healthy group and NAFLD with depressed liver and deficient spleen group,the level of L-Tryptophan in NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group was significantly higher;compared with healthy people,the level of Xanthurenic acid in NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group increased.L-Tryptophan is negatively correlated with Agrobacterium,and Xanthurenic acid is positively correlated with Acinetobacter,Leuconostoc,and Collinsella.Compared with the healthy group and NAFLD with depressed liver and deficient spleen group,the level of L-Thyroxine in NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group was significantly lower;compared with healthy people,the level of L-phenylalanine in NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group was increased,and compared with NAFLD with depressed liver and deficient spleen group,its level was significant decline.L-Thyroxine is negatively correlated with Megamonas,Acinetobacter,and Subdoligranulum.Compared with the healthy control group,the levels of Glycochenodeoxycholate,Deoxycholic Acid,and Glycocholate in the NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group were significantly higher.Compared with the NAFLD depressed liver and deficient spleen group,the above metabolites were not significantly different.Glycochenodeoxycholate is positively correlated with Collinsella and Agrobacterium,and Glycocholate is positively correlated with Acinetobacter,Leuconostoc,and Shigella.Compared with the healthy control group and NAFLD with depressed liver and deficient spleen group,the levels of Inosine 5'-Monophosphate and guanine nucleoside in NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group were significantly increased;compared with the healthy control group,the level of uric acid was significantly increased,and there was no significant difference compared with the NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation group.Inosine 5'-Monophosphate was positively correlated with Leuconostoc,negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium,and guanosine was positively correlated with Leuconostoc.Conclusion NAFLD patients with damp-heat accumulation syndrome have gut microbiota imbalance and metabolic disorders.The gut microbiota imbalance of NAFLD with damp-heat accumulation syndrome is closely related to the host tryptophan,phenylalanine,and purine metabolism disorder.

The role of surfactant associated protein-A in silicosis / 中国职业医学

Objective: To investigate the role of surfactant associated protein-A (SP-A) in the development and progression of silicosis, and its mechanism. Methods: Homozygous and heterozygous mice of SP-A knockout of specific pathogen free (SPF) grade were selected for mating, and mice with SP-A-/- genotype were selected for subsequent experiments. SP-A wild-type (SP-A+/+) and SP-A-/- mice were divided into SP-A+/+ control group, SP-A-/- control group, SP-A+/+ silicosis group and SP-A-/- silicosis group with six mice in each group by random number table method. Mice in both silicosis groups were given 20.0 μL 250 g/L silica suspension by tracheal exposure, and mice in both control groups were injected with 0.9% sodium chloride solution at the same volume. On the 28th day after modeling, mice were sacrificed. Lung tissues were used for lung histopathology examination. The apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells of mice was detected by TUNEL method. The mRNA expression of B-lymphoblastoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase (Caspase)-3 and Caspase-9 in lung tissues of mice was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The histopathological result of mice showed that thickened alveolar septum, scattered silicon nodule and collagen fiber formation were observed in the mice lungs of SP-A+/+ silicosis group, and a large number of inflammatory cells were observed in silicosis nodule, after exposure to silica dust. SP-A-/- silicosis group resulted in a more severe pulmonary inflammation and interstitial fibrosis compared to SP-A+/+ silicosis group. The apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells and the mRNA relative expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in lung tissues of mice in each silicosis groups were increased compared with their control groups (all P<0.05). The above four indexes of mice in SP-A-/- silicosis group were higher than those in SP-A+/+ silicosis group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in lung tissues of these four groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: Knockout of SP-A can aggravate inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis model mice, and promote apoptosis of alveolar type Ⅱ epithelial cells. The mechanism may be related to the Bcl-2/Bax/Caspase-3 signaling pathway which affects the apoptosis of mitochondrial pathway.