RESUMEN
The authors report clinical and laboratory data concerning a case of hemorrhagic dengue fever introduced to Ul'yanovsk by a tourist who had spent holiday in Vietnam. The clinical picture of the disease is described along with results of clinical and laboratory analyses. The approaches to the evaluation of the patient's health status during the period of primary examination and medical care as well as the problems that arose after the final diagnosis was established are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Dengue , Adulto , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Dengue/diagnóstico , Dengue/etiología , Dengue/fisiopatología , Dengue/terapia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Manejo de Atención al Paciente/métodos , Federación de Rusia , Evaluación de Síntomas/métodos , Enfermedad Relacionada con los Viajes , Resultado del Tratamiento , VietnamRESUMEN
An acute case of septic typhoid listeriosis revealed during diagnostic examination is reported
Asunto(s)
Listeria/patogenicidad , Listeriosis/diagnóstico , Sepsis/diagnóstico , Niño , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Humanos , Listeria/aislamiento & purificación , Listeriosis/microbiología , Listeriosis/fisiopatología , Sepsis/microbiología , Sepsis/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
The prevention of diseases among migrants becomes a serious problem of public health of subjects of the Russian Federation. The system of public sanitary epidemiological inspection in the field of biological security of the Russian Federation demands a permanent enhancement.
Asunto(s)
Brotes de Enfermedades/estadística & datos numéricos , Emigración e Inmigración , Salud Pública , Medición de Riesgo/métodos , Salud Global , Humanos , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
A case of hemorrhagic fever with renal and abdominal syndromes in the form of appendicitis is reported.
Asunto(s)
Abdomen/patología , Errores Diagnósticos , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/diagnóstico , Adulto , Apendicitis/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
The article represents materials on risk for animal husbandry workers of being infected with Coxiella and Leptospira. The authors describe contemporary difficulties in diagnosis and epidemiologic surveillance for these diseases. The materials demonstrate that undiagnosed infected (ill) animals on veterinary objects, with violated biologic safety rules, could promote contraction of zoonotic infection by susceptible subjects (workers engaged into animal husbandry and enterprises on animal materials processing). Contemporary laboratory methods and professional skills enable opportune and complete diagnosis of infections and diseases, with further possibility to apply preventive measures efficiently.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Trabajadores Agrícolas/microbiología , Leptospirosis/transmisión , Fiebre Q/transmisión , Zoonosis/transmisión , Adulto , Anciano , Pruebas de Aglutinación , Enfermedades de los Trabajadores Agrícolas/sangre , Enfermedades de los Trabajadores Agrícolas/epidemiología , Agricultura/normas , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Humanos , Leptospirosis/epidemiología , Leptospirosis/microbiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fiebre Q/epidemiología , Fiebre Q/microbiología , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Zoonosis/epidemiología , Zoonosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
The spread of natural focal infections is determined by a set of interrelated and interdependent populations of warm-blooded animals, arthropods, and microorganisms. Real danger to humans makes their foci be included into environmental risk factors in this or that area.
Asunto(s)
Encefalitis Transmitida por Garrapatas/epidemiología , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Lyme/epidemiología , Vacunación , Zoonosis/epidemiología , Animales , Arvicolinae/virología , Virus de la Encefalitis Transmitidos por Garrapatas/patogenicidad , Encefalitis Transmitida por Garrapatas/prevención & control , Encefalitis Transmitida por Garrapatas/virología , Virus Hantaan/patogenicidad , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/prevención & control , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/virología , Humanos , Ixodes/virología , Enfermedad de Lyme/prevención & control , Ratones , Ratas , Zoonosis/virologíaRESUMEN
Two cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome are reported. Pulmonary symptoms were manifest in the form of atypical and nasocomial (bacterial) pneumonia.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Pulmonares/fisiopatología , Adulto , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic feral nidal disease (synonyms: Weil-Vasilyev disease, waterborne fever) running as an acute febrile disease with evident intoxication, renal, hepatic, and central nervous system involvements, evolving hemorrhagic syndrome mainly with its severe complicated course and high mortality rates. The clinical features of leptospirosis have been little studied in patients with comorbidities. Its poor outcomes are generally due to the development of serious complications, such as infection-toxic shock, acute renal and hepatic failure, massive hemorrhagic syndrome, infectious myocarditis, etc. This communication describes a case of the disease with developed irreversible complications: involvement of the kidney and heart in 1 case and that of the kidney with a fatal outcome. Leptospirosis mortality is frequently associated with delayed diagnosis due to the misunderstanding of the clinical picture of this disease (particularly in its similarity to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome). The severer acute course of the infectious process in leptospirosis is burdened with the activation of the infection foci existing in the body or the exacerbation of somatic comorbidity, which substantiates the necessity of goal-oriented early individual, background pathology-depended correction of diagnostic, etiotropic, and pathogenetic therapy, rehabilitative measures. Comorbidities in patients with leptospirosis exert a significant impact on the development of its clinical form and the course of the infectious process manifesting itself as its worsening, the more frequent and more prolonged signs ofendogenous intoxication and multiple organ dysfunction, and a larger number of nonspecific complications in the structure of causes of deaths.
Asunto(s)
Leptospirosis/patología , Comorbilidad , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Leptospirosis/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Immunological laboratory tests play an important role in establishing the depth of extent of this or that infectious disease. Scheduled immunological monitoring (serological screening) is made to find out whether there are antibodies (Abs) against the causative agents of individual feral herd infections. The immunological examination is aimed at detecting Abs against the pathogens of infectious diseases of bacterial (Ixodes tick-borne borrelioses, tularemia, leptospiroses, human granulocytic anaplasmosis), viral (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, tick-borne viral encephalitis, West Nile fever), and rickettsial (Q-fever) etiologies. The performed serological screening could yield data on the practically widespread of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Ulyanovsk Region and show high rates of Abs to Ixodes tick-borne borrelioses (5.75), coxiellosis (3.7%), and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (4.3%).
Asunto(s)
Anaplasmosis/diagnóstico , Anaplasmosis/inmunología , Virus del Dengue/inmunología , Dengue Grave/diagnóstico , Dengue Grave/inmunología , Anaplasmosis/fisiopatología , Anaplasmosis/transmisión , Animales , Anticuerpos/sangre , Antígenos Virales/inmunología , Virus del Dengue/patogenicidad , Reservorios de Enfermedades/parasitología , Reservorios de Enfermedades/virología , Ensayos Analíticos de Alto Rendimiento , Humanos , Proteínas de Insectos/inmunología , Ixodidae , Enfermedades Renales , Federación de Rusia , Pruebas Serológicas/métodos , Dengue Grave/fisiopatología , Dengue Grave/transmisiónRESUMEN
A case of Ixodes tick-borne borreliosis is described characterized by a rare form of skin lesion (panniculitis) that made difficult definitive diagnosis.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Lyme/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Lyme/diagnóstico , Paniculitis/diagnóstico , Paniculitis/microbiología , Enfermedades Cutáneas Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Cutáneas Bacterianas/etiología , Adulto , Borrelia/aislamiento & purificación , Eritema/diagnóstico , Eritema/microbiología , Eritema/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedad de Lyme/patología , Paniculitis/patología , Enfermedades Cutáneas Bacterianas/patologíaAsunto(s)
Infecciones por Borrelia/prevención & control , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/normas , Encefalitis Transmitida por Garrapatas/prevención & control , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/prevención & control , Infecciones por Borrelia/epidemiología , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/métodos , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles/organización & administración , Encefalitis Transmitida por Garrapatas/epidemiología , Fiebre Hemorrágica con Síndrome Renal/epidemiología , Humanos , Control de Calidad , Federación de Rusia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
The increasingly frequent introduction of new infectious diseases poses the problem of their prophylaxis, prevention of secondary distribution and establishment. Current epidemiologic situation is characterized by the occurrence of rare infections including legionellosis. Data on the prevalence of this disease in Ulyanovsk region are presented for the period from 2008 to the first half of 2009. The patients were infected during their Hajj pilgrimage to Saudi Arabia. The clinical picture resembles that of Pontiak fever and manifestations are indistinguishable from those of acute respiratory infection.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/análisis , Legionella/inmunología , Legionelosis/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Brotes de Enfermedades , Femenino , Humanos , Legionelosis/epidemiología , Legionelosis/microbiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Población Rural , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Arabia Saudita/etnología , ViajeRESUMEN
Leptospirosis (Weil-Vasiliev disease) is a zoonotic natural focal disease running as an acute fever with severe intoxication, lesion of the kidneys, liver, CNS, hemorrhagic syndrome, complications, frequent lethal outcomes. Clinical features of leptospirosis in patients with comorbid diseases are not studied adequately. Lethal outcomes are often caused by such serious complications as infectious-toxic shock, acute renal-hepatic failure, massive hemorrhagic syndrome, infectious myocarditis, etc. Two cases of leptospirosis with irreversible complications are reported: one case with severe lesion of the kidneys and heart, and the other case with lethal damage to the kidneys. The evidence for a severe course of leptospirosis complicated with renal insufficiency is provided. Lethal outcomes in leptospirosis are often associated with late diagnosis because of the disease manifestation similarity with such diseases as hemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome. It is shown that leptospirosis runs a very severe cause in exacerbation of preexisting infection or somatic disease. The necessity of consideration of the background pathology demands an early and individual correction of diagnostic algorithms, conduction of etiotropic and pathogenetic therapy, rehabilitation measures. Comorbid diseases in leptospirosis patients have an essential negative effect on leptospirosis clinical picture, on a course of infectious process (aggravation of endogenic intoxication, polyorganic disorders, nonspecific complications).
Asunto(s)
Cardiopatías/etiología , Enfermedades Renales/etiología , Leptospirosis/complicaciones , Algoritmos , Cardiopatías/fisiopatología , Humanos , Enfermedades Renales/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Severidad de la EnfermedadAsunto(s)
Leptospira/clasificación , Leptospirosis/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Animales , Animales Domésticos/microbiología , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Niño , Reservorios de Enfermedades/microbiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/microbiología , Perros , Femenino , Humanos , Leptospira/inmunología , Leptospira/aislamiento & purificación , Leptospirosis/mortalidad , Leptospirosis/veterinaria , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo , Roedores/microbiología , Federación de Rusia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Ixodes tick-borne borrelioses (TBB) are a group of etiologically independent acute infectious natural-focal transmissive and polysystemic diseases caused by Borrelia and transmitted by the ticks. These diseases tend to be chronic and recurrent, as well as latent, mainly involving the skin, nervous system, locomotor apparatus and heart. The signs of nervous system lesion are recorded in both acute (subacute) and chronic course of the disease. The comparatively low notification rate of TBB in the Ulyanovsk Region, particularly involving the nervous system, in the absence of the gold marker of this disease--erythema migrans (it was absent in both cases) did not allow clinicians to make a correct diagnosis at the early stages of patient examination. The currently available methods, in this case, Western blot, are of great importance in diagnosing the disease. By taking into account delayed antibody generation within the first weeks of the disease, it is necessary to continue examination by the methods available in the practical health arsenal (ELISA) and in the later periods, with the epidemiological history and clinical picture of encephalitis being borne in mind.
Asunto(s)
Neuroborreliosis de Lyme/diagnóstico , Adolescente , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Neuroborreliosis de Lyme/terapia , Masculino , Ríos , Federación de Rusia , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Vectores Arácnidos/microbiología , Infecciones por Borrelia/epidemiología , Ixodes/microbiología , Animales , Vectores Arácnidos/fisiología , Borrelia/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Borrelia/transmisión , Ecosistema , Humanos , Incidencia , Ixodes/parasitología , Densidad de Población , Federación de Rusia/epidemiología , Estaciones del AñoRESUMEN
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic anthropurgic infection that occurs in the human population as sporadic cases or affects groups of individuals. Outbreaks are possible at any territory with a landscape harbouring natural reservoirs of Leptospyras and inhabited by small moitsaure-loving rodents. Leptospirosis peak season is summer. Specific diagnostic features and laboratory characteristics of 3 cases of leptospyrosis in a single household area are described.