Accuracy of Dental Implant Placement using Robotics. A Systematic Review of in vitro Studies.

PURPOSE/AIM: Robotic-assisted techniques have the potential to revolutionize dental implantology by offering enhanced precision, accuracy, and clinical outcomes compared to computer-assisted implant placement techniques. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of dental implant placement using robot-assisted implant surgery in vitro settings. METHODS: An unrestricted search of indexed databases along with a manual search was performed up to March 2024. In vitro, studies comparing the positioning accuracy of robotic systems in dental implant placement of planned pre-operative coordinates and postoperative outcomes in phantom and simulated models were included. QUIN Tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. RESULT: A total of 13 in vitro studies were included. All studies except one used entry, exit, or angle deviation as parameters to assess the accuracy of implants placed on phantom models or simulated virtual implant placement. Overall, pooled entry deviations were 0.72 ± 0.68 mm, exit deviations were 0.86 ± 0.92 mm, and angular deviations were 1.47 ± 1.610 favoring robot-assisted implant surgery. CONCLUSION: Based on the current evidence, robotic-placed implants have the potential to revolutionize dental implantology by offering enhanced precision, accuracy, and clinical outcomes compared to dynamic and static computer-assisted implant surgery techniques.

Multiferroic ABO3 Transition Metal Oxides: a Rare Interaction of Ferroelectricity and Magnetism.

This review article summarizes the development of different kinds of materials that evolved interest in all field of science particularly on new nano-materials which possess both electric and magnetic properties at the nanoscale. Materials of such kind possessing both magnetic and electric properties have tremendous applications and own an intensive research activity. These materials induce new properties which are particularly important in electronic and magnetic devices and even in the materials where magnetic property will change by electric field or vice versa. The discovery of such ferroic properties for scientific applications is the need of hour and spreads an exciting new area that has technical and commercial potential for the discovery of advanced materials. In recent studies, the actual path by which the multiferroic properties exist has been focused and new metal oxide compounds were discovered. The understanding of the structure of these compounds through research describes a wide range of applications and the challenges of these multiferroic materials that need to be explored. In this study, fundamental aspects and structural variations of ternary transition metal oxides have been covered which possess novel properties in storage devices such as hard disk platters and magnetic read heads.

Molecular Interaction of Amino Acid-Based Gemini Surfactant with Human Serum Albumin: Tensiometric, Spectroscopic, and Molecular Docking Study.

Binding effect and interaction of N,N'-dialkyl cystine based gemini surfactant (GS); 2(C12Cys) with human serum albumin (HSA) were systematically investigated by the techniques such as surface tension measurement, UV-visible spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and molecular docking studies. The surface tension measurement exhibited that HSA shifted the critical micelle concentration of the 2(C12Cys) GS to the higher side that confirms the complex formation among 2(C12Cys) GS and HSA which was also verified by UV-visible, fluorescence, and CD spectroscopy. Increase in the concentration of 2(C12Cys) GS increases the absorption of the HSA protein but has a reverse effect on the fluorescence intensity. The analysis of UV-visible study with the help of a static quenching method showed that the value acquired for the bimolecular quenching constant (k q) quenches the intrinsic fluorescence of the HSA protein. Synchronous fluorescence spectrometry declared that the induced-binding conformational changes in HSA and CD results explained the variations in the secondary arrangement of the protein in presence of 2(C12Cys) GS. The present study revealed that the interaction between 2(C12Cys) GS and HSA is important for the preparation and properties of medicines. Molecular docking study provides insight into the specific binding site of 2(C12Cys) GS into the sites of HSA.

Synthesis and evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of pyridin-2-yl hexanoate.

Synthesized Pyridin-2-yl hexanoate was screened for its antibacterial and antibiofilm activities using the broth microdilution method and XTT assay respectively. The obtained results revealed that synthesized molecule inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria (MICs value ranged from 80 to 640 µg ml-1). Moreover, it induced a strong antibiofilm effect against Gram positive cocci (BIC50 was 366, 378 and 412 µg ml-1 for Streptococcus mutans ATCC 25175, Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 13419 and Streptococcus oralis ATCC 6249 respectively). Basis on these results, pyridin-2-yl hexanoate may be considered as effective compound with antibacterial and antibiofilm activities.

Efficacy of light based detection systems for early detection of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders: Systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Earlier detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) is essential for dental professionals to improve patient survival rates. The aim of this systematic review is to to evaluate the effectiveness of devices that utilise the principles of chemiluminescence and tissue autofluorescence as adjuncts in the detection of OSCC and OPMD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The electronic retrieval systems and databases searched for relevant articles were PubMed [MEDLINE] and Science direct. The search was for limited articles published in English or with an English abstract and articles published during the period from January 2005 to April 2014. Clinical trials utilized ViziLite, Microlux TM/DL and Visual Enhanced Light scope (VELscope) for early detection of OPMD and OSCC. RESULTS: Twenty primary studies published satisfied our criteria for selection - 10 utilised chemiluminescence and 10 tissue autofluorescence. Senstivity of Vizilite for detecting OSCC nad OPMD ranged from 77.1 % to 100% and specificity was low that ranged from 0% to 27.8%.Most have shown that chemiluminescence increases the brightness and margins of oral mucosal white lesions and thus assist in identification of mucosal lesions not considered under Conventional visual examination. However, it preferentially detects leukoplakia and may fail to spot red patches. Clinical trials demonstrated that sensitivity of VELscope in detecting malignancy and OPMD ranged from 22 % to 100 % and specificity ranged from 16 % to 100%. Most studies concluded that VELscope can help the experienced clinician to find oral precursor malignant lesions. But it couldnot differentiate between dysplasia and benign inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Both devices are simple, non-invasive test of the oral mucosa but are suited for clinicians with sufficient experience and training. More clinical trials in future should be conducted to establish optical imaging as an efficacious adjunct tool in early diagnosis of OSCC and OPMD.

Nanocatalysis on tailored shape supports: Au and Pd nanoparticles supported on MgO nanocubes and ZnO nanobelts.

Active gold and palladium nanoparticles supported on MgO nanocubes and ZnO nanobelts and transition-metal-containing MgO nanobelts were synthesized by combining evaporation and deposition-precipitation techniques. The high activity and stability of the Au/CeO2 and Pd/CeO2 nanoparticle catalysts deposited on the MgO cubes are remarkable and imply that a variety of efficient catalysts can be designed and tested using this approach. The significant increase in the concentration of corner and edge sites in MgO nanocubes make them well-defined supports to study the detailed mechanism of the catalytic activity enhancement.