RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Management of patients with phenylketonuria mainly includes limiting the content of phenylalanine in the diet. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate oral problems in children with phenylketonuria compared to the healthy population as a case-control study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects of the case and control groups were selected according to the inclusion criteria. First, the oral cavity and tooth were examined by a specialist dentist to indicate the decayed, missing due to caries, and filled teeth index in both groups. To inves- tigate the level of phenylalanine and evaluate other laboratory examinations, 2 mL of blood and saliva samples was taken from the subjects. Blood and saliva phenylalanine levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phosphorus, calcium, and pH levels were investigated through calorimetric measurement. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences software. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the case and control groups in terms of age and sex. The average level of calcium and phosphorus in the case group was higher than in the control group. Also, the average decayed, missing due to caries, and filled teeth index in the case group was not significantly different compared to the control group. None of the above-investigated indicators had a significant relationship with each other. On the other hand, it was found that there was a positive and significant relationship between phenylalanine in blood, saliva, and pH as well as between saliva phenylalanine with decayed, missing due to caries, and filled teeth. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate a significant effect of phenylketonuria disease on calcium, phosphorus, and oral pH levels in children.
RESUMEN
Objectives:It can be said that approximately 60-70% of the general population would probably experience at least one symptom of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) in their lives, but only about 5% of these people seek treatment. On the other hand, depression and anxiety are now recognized as a serious public health problem among adults. Anxiety disorder is a chronic, high-risk disease that may lead to dysfunction and reduce quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the association between depression and anxiety with TMD in dentistry students of Zanjan Dental School in 2020-2021. Methods:The population of this study consisted of students with TMD, and the control population was selected from students of the same faculty. To collect the data, volunteers first answered questions about the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC/TMD). Then the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire was completed by students in both groups. The collected data were then entered into stata software version 14. Results:According to the results of univariate analysis of logistic regression, gender, tuition, residential status, stress, anxiety and depression have a significant effect on TMD (P <0.2). After examining the gisimultaneous effect of variables and eliminating possible confounding variables with multiple logistic regression models, stress was identified as the most effective factor in TMD (significance level in this model is less than 0.05). Conclusion:Based on findings, while there was a significant relationship between stress, depression and anxiety with symptoms of TMD, stress alone was identified as the most effective factor in developing TMD.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is among the most common viruses in humans. HSV1 is often responsible for oral and perioral herpetic lesions. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel antimicrobial modality that involves the use of laser and a photosensitizer with a specific wavelength. This study aimed to assess and compare the effect of PDT with 810 and 940 nm diode laser and indocyanine green (ICG) photosensitizer on HSV1. METHODS: In this in vitro study, HSV1 isolated from herpes labialis and there were 6 experimental groups.The irradiation parameters were the same for all groups. Number of remaining viruses per milliliter in each group was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and statistically analyzed by ANOVA. RESULTS: The virus count in all groups significantly decreased compared to the control group (P < 0.05) except in group ICG- without irradiation (P > 0.05). Comparison of groups 810- and 940- (use of each laser alone) with groups 810+ and 940+ (use of each laser plus ICG) revealed that reduction in virus count in groups 810+ and 940+ was significantly greater than that in groups 810- and 940-. CONCLUSION: 810 nm diode laser irradiation and ICG causes the greatest reduction in number of HSV1 compared to all the other groups. ICG without laser irradiation has not significant efficacy on reduction of virus count.