Pseudoaneurysm and Renal Artery Stenosis Post-renal Transplant: A Rare Presentation.

We report the case of a 51-year-old gentleman who underwent living renal transplantation in Pakistan for end-stage renal disease one and a half years ago. He presented to our hospital with renal artery stenosis and an extra-renal pseudoaneurysm at the anastomotic site of the transplanted kidney. This can cause graft dysfunction and hypertension due to impairment of arterial perfusion in the transplanted kidney. Treatment with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and covered stenting of the pseudoaneurysm and stenosis improved kidney function and hypertension.

Red blood cell derived extracellular vesicles during the process of autologous blood doping.

The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effects of the transfusion of one erythrocyte concentrate on the number of circulating red blood cell extracellular vesicles (RBC-EVs) and their clearance time. Six, healthy volunteers donated their blood and were transfused with their RBC concentrate after 35-36 days of storage. One K2 EDTA and one serum sample were collected before donation, at four timepoints after donation and at another six timepoints after transfusion. RBC-EVs were analyzed on a Cytek Aurora flow cytometer. A highly significant increase (p < 0.001) of RBC-EVs from an average of 60.1 ± 19.8 (103 /µL) at baseline to 179.3 ± 84.7 (103 /µL) in the first 1-3 h after transfusion could be observed. Individual differences in the response to transfusion became apparent with one volunteer showing no increase and another an increased concentration at one timepoint after donation due to an influenza infection. We concluded that in an individualized passport approach, increased RBC-EVs might be considered as additional evidence when interpreting suspicious Athletes Biological Passport (ABPs) but for this additional research related to sample collection and transport processes as well as method development and harmonization would be necessary.

Social Habits and Other Risk Factors that Cause Tooth Loss: An Associative Study Conducted in Taiz Governorate, Yemen.

AIMS: To investigate the relationship between tooth loss, age, gender, and its correlation with several local habits that affect oral health, especially the khat, and Shammah use. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The current study included 580 participants. They were divided into five age groups15-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, and 55-64-years-old. Clinical and radiographic examinations were done for each subject. Reasons for teeth loss, age, gender, khat chewing, Shammah use, smoking, and use of oral hygiene aids were recorded. The data were statically analyzed using Chi-square tests of the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) program. The p value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Caries was the most cause of tooth loss in the young age groups 15-34 years-old and was significantly more common compared to the older groups (p < 0.001). The periodontal diseases increased with age and progressively became the main cause of tooth loss of 100% in the 55-64 years-old group. Orthodontic reasons for tooth extractions were limited to the young age group 15-24 years old. Third molars were the highest extracted teeth in the maxillary arch, while the first molars were the highest in the mandibular arch. Anterior teeth were the lowest extracted teeth ranging from 9; 1.6% in maxillary teeth and 9-29; 1.6-5% in the mandibular teeth. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the importance of local habitual use of khat 52.9% and Shammah 8.1% besides smoking in tooth loss. Caries was the main cause of tooth loss in the young age groups, followed by the periodontal disease in the older age. Molars were frequently extracted followed by maxillary first premolars. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Limited number of epidemiological surveys were carried out in Taiz Governorate to investigate the reasons of tooth loss and its relationship with social habits like Khat chewing, Shammah use, smoking, using of Miswake and toothbrush. The results of this study will guide us to develop a preventive program which may minimize tooth loss and its adverse effects.

Comparison between gutta-percha and resin-coated gutta-percha using different obturation techniques.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the obturation quality between canals obturated with gutta-percha/AH Plus sealer (GP group) and resin-coated GP/EndoREZ® sealer (ER group). METHODS: A total sample of 90 mandibular premolar teeth was divided into 2 groups (2 × 45 canals): the GP group and ER group. Each group was further divided into 3 subgroups (n = 15): cold lateral compaction (CLC), warm lateral compaction (WLC) and single cone (SC). The teeth were subsequently embedded in resin and sectioned horizontally at 1, 3, 6 and 9 mm. All sections were then viewed with a stereomicroscope at ×40 magnification. The area occupied by core filling materials was determined using Cell^D software. RESULTS: With CLC, the percentage of core filling materials in the ER group was significantly higher than in the GP group at the 1- and 3-mm levels. Similarly, with WLC, the percentage of core filling material in the ER group was significantly higher than in the GP group at the 1-, 3- and 9-mm levels. With SC, the percentage of core filling materials in the ER group was significantly higher than in the GP group at all levels. CONCLUSIONS: It can be concluded that the resin-coated GP/EndoREZ® sealer is superior to the gutta-percha/AH Plus in the percentage of core filling material.