RESUMEN
The theory of heterodyne/stroboscopic detection of nuclear resonance scattering is developed, starting from the total scattering matrix as a product of the matrix of the reference sample and the sample under study. This general approach holds for all dynamical scattering channels. In the forward channel, which has been discussed in detail in the literature, the electronic scattering manifests itself only in an energy-independent diminution of the scattered intensity. In all other channels, complex resonance line shapes of the heterodyne/stroboscopic spectra are encountered, as a result of the interference of electronic and nuclear scattering. The grazing-incidence case will be evaluated and described in detail. Experimental data of classical X-ray reflectivity and their stroboscopically detected resonant counterpart spectra on the [(nat)Fe/(57)Fe]10 isotope periodic multilayer and antiferromagnetic [(57)Fe/Cr]20 superlattice are fitted simultaneously.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To study the utility of muscle ultrasound (US) for detection of fasciculations and its contribution to diagnosis in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Fasciculations are characteristic features of ALS, and US can detect them easily and reliably. New diagnostic criteria for ALS, the Awaji algorithm, reintroduced fasciculations as evidence of acute denervation equivalent to that of fibrillations and positive sharp waves. METHODS: In 81 consecutive patients with sporadic ALS, we prospectively performed needle EMG and US in 6 muscles (tongue, biceps brachii, first dorsalis interosseous, paraspinalis, vastus lateralis, and tibialis anterior), and diagnostic category were determined by revised El Escorial criteria and Awaji criteria. RESULTS: Fasciculations were much more frequently detected by US than by EMG in the tongue (60% vs 0%), biceps brachii (88% vs 60%), and tibialis anterior muscles (83% vs 45%). The proportion of the patients with definite or probable ALS was 48% by revised El Escorial criteria and 79% by Awaji criteria using US. CONCLUSIONS: Muscle US is a practical and efficient tool to detect fasciculations, particularly in the tongue. A combination of US and EMG substantially increases the diagnostic sensitivity of ALS.
Asunto(s)
Esclerosis Amiotrófica Lateral/diagnóstico por imagen , Esclerosis Amiotrófica Lateral/fisiopatología , Fasciculación/diagnóstico por imagen , Fasciculación/fisiopatología , Ultrasonografía Doppler/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Algoritmos , Electromiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculo Esquelético/diagnóstico por imagen , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatología , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein and skin changes) syndrome is a rare cause of demyelinating neuropathy with monoclonal plasma cell proliferation, and POEMS neuropathy is usually chronically progressive. Herein, the authors report a 34-year-old woman with POEMS syndrome presenting as acute polyneuropathy. Within 2 weeks of disease onset, she became unable to walk with electrodiagnostic features of demyelination and was initially diagnosed as having Guillan-Barré syndrome. Other systemic features (oedema and skin changes) developed later, and an elevated serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor led to the diagnosis of POEMS syndrome. She received high-dose chemotherapy with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, resulting in good recovery. The authors also reviewed patterns and speed of progression of neuropathy in the 30 patients with POEMS syndrome; 22 (73%) of them were unable to walk independently with the median period of 9.5 months from POEMS onset (range 0.5-51 months). Whereas the speed of neuropathy progression varies considerably among patients, some POEMS patients can show acute or subacute polyneuropathy. The early diagnosis and treatment could result in rapid improvement as shown in the present patient.
Asunto(s)
Progresión de la Enfermedad , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnóstico , Síndrome POEMS/diagnóstico , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndrome POEMS/sangre , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/sangreRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that anti-GQ1b antibodies induce massive neuromuscular blocking. If anti-GM1 and -GD1a antibodies have similar effects on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in human limb muscles, this may explain selective motor involvement in axonal Guillain--Barré syndrome (GBS). METHODS: Axonal-stimulating single-fibre electromyography was performed in the extensor digitorum communis muscle of 23 patients with GBS, including 13 with the axonal form whose sera had a high titre of serum IgG anti-GM1 or -GD1a antibodies. RESULTS: All patients with axonal or demyelinating GBS showed normal or near-normal jitter, and no blocking. CONCLUSION: In both axonal and demyelinating GBS, neuromuscular transmission is not impaired. Our results failed to support the hypothesis that anti-GM1 or -GD1a antibody affects the NMJ. In GBS, impulse transmission is presumably impaired in the motor nerve terminal axons proximal to the NMJ.
Asunto(s)
Axones/fisiología , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/fisiopatología , Unión Neuromuscular/fisiopatología , Transmisión Sináptica/fisiología , Adulto , Anciano , Autoanticuerpos/sangre , Electromiografía , Femenino , Gangliósido G(M1)/análogos & derivados , Gangliósido G(M1)/inmunología , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnóstico , Humanos , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculo Esquelético/inervación , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Spin transition has attracted the interest of researchers in various fields since the early 1930s, with thousands of examples now recognized, including those in minerals and biomolecules. However, so far the metal centres in which it has been found to occur are almost always octahedral six-coordinate 3d(4) to 3d(7) metals, such as Fe(II). A five-coordinate centre is only rarely seen. Here we report that under pressure SrFe(II)O(2), which features a four-fold square-planar coordination, exhibits a transition from high spin (S = 2) to intermediate spin (S = 1). This is accompanied by a transition from an antiferromagnetic insulating state to a ferromagnetic so-called half-metallic state: only half of the spin-down (d(xz),d(yz)) states are filled. These results highlight the square-planar coordinated iron oxides as a new class of magnetic and electric materials.
Asunto(s)
Compuestos Férricos/química , Impedancia Eléctrica , Electrones , Magnetismo , Presión , Espectroscopía de Mossbauer , Estroncio/química , Difracción de Rayos XRESUMEN
We evaluated the usefulness of whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) for the detection of recurrence in follow-up patients after primary treatment of uterine sarcoma. Eight patients with pathologically proven uterine sarcoma underwent FDG-PET, computed tomography (CT), and ultrasonography (US). Final diagnoses of recurrence were established in five cases (three carcinosarcomas and two leiomyosarcomas). PET revealed recurrent sites in the intraperitoneum, liver, lung, bone, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. However, the minimum size of the tumor detected by PET depended on the sites of recurrence. CT and US images showed two false-negative cases of intraperitoneal tumors. PET was able to detect a solitary small intraperitoneal tumor, which was very difficult to detect by CT and US. Positive PET findings did not affect the prognosis in three of the five recurrent patients; however, the remaining two patients consequently underwent the combination therapy consisting of surgery and chemotherapy and survived for more than 1 year after the positive FDG-PET results. Application of PET imaging for the early detection of recurrent sites was useful for the decision of treatment strategy for patients with recurrent uterine sarcoma.
Asunto(s)
Carcinosarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Leiomiosarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiofármacos , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión , Neoplasias Uterinas/diagnóstico por imagen , Adulto , Anciano , Carcinosarcoma/secundario , Carcinosarcoma/terapia , Femenino , Humanos , Leiomiosarcoma/secundario , Leiomiosarcoma/terapia , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Uterinas/secundario , Neoplasias Uterinas/terapiaRESUMEN
We evaluated the clinical role of the combination of positron emission tomography (PET) with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and tumor marker CA125, in the detection of recurrence after initial therapy for epithelial ovarian cancer. The indication is the cases that cannot be confirmed the recurrence by conventional imaging modalities. Ninety patients underwent PET and computed tomography, including the measurement of specific tumor markers. FDG-PET confirmed recurrence in 46 patients (51%), and the recurrent site was confirmed by PET alone in 17 (37%). PET had high sensitivity for detecting both intraperitoneal and retroperitoneal metastases (93.9 and 92.9%, respectively). PET imaging was able to detect normal-sized metastases in the lymph nodes in 14 (50%) of the 28 patients with retroperitoneal metastasis. PET could show 87.5% positive rate of recurrent patients with asymptomatic rise of CA125 who had no sign of recurrence by conventional imaging methods. Of the 46 recurrent patients, 41 (89%) had specific elevated titers of CA125 at the first treatment. PET imaging was able to detect recurrence at relatively low titers (a median 68 U/mL) of CA125. In 8 (19.5%) of these 41 patients, recurrence with normal CA125 levels could be confirmed only by PET. The sensitivity of the combination of PET and CA125 was 97.8% with only one false-negative case. The combination of FDG-PET and CA125 titer is useful for the accurate detection of recurrence.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Antígeno Ca-125/sangre , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ováricas/diagnóstico , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Adenocarcinoma/sangre , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/sangre , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico por imagen , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Ováricas/sangre , Neoplasias Ováricas/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
We report direct observation of current-driven magnetic domain wall (DW) displacement by using a well-defined single DW in a microfabricated magnetic wire with submicron width. Magnetic force microscopy visualizes that a single DW introduced in a wire is displaced back and forth by positive and negative pulsed current, respectively. The direct observation gives quantitative information on the DW displacement as a function of the intensity and the duration of the pulsed current. The result is discussed in terms of the spin-transfer mechanism.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Local control in lung cancer directly invading the bone is extremely poor. Effects of regional hyperthermia combined with conventional external beam radiation therapy were evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirteen patients with non-small lung cancer (NSCLC) with direct bony invasion were treated with hyperthermia plus irradiation (hyperthermia group). The treatment outcome was compared with the historical treatment results in 13 patients treated with external radiation therapy alone (radiation alone group). In patients with no distant metastasis, radiation therapy at a total dose of 60-70 Gy was administered to both groups. Hyperthermia was performed for 45-60 min immediately after irradiation for two-four sessions with radiofrequency capacitive heating devices. RESULTS: For primary response, 10 of the 13 tumours responded to the treatment (3 CR, 7 PR) in the hyperthermia group, whereas seven tumours responded (1 CR, 6 PR) in the radiation alone group. The 2-year local recurrence-free survival rate for clinical M(0) patients in the hyperthermia group and that in the radiation alone group were 76.1 and 16.9%, respectively. Three patients died of distant metastases within 2 years in the hyperthermia group, but two out of three tumours histologically disappeared, even in the autopsy examination. The 2-year overall survival rate for clinical M(0) patients in the hyperthermia group and that in the radiation alone group were 44.4 and 15.4%, respectively. No severe pulmonary complication was observed in either group. CONCLUSIONS: Regional hyperthermia combined with conventional irradiation could be a tool to improve local control in patients with NSCLC deeply invading the chest wall.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/terapia , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/terapia , Hipertermia Inducida/instrumentación , Hipertermia Inducida/métodos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/patología , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radiografía Torácica , Radioterapia/métodos , Temperatura , Factores de Tiempo , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To provide automated advice for lifestyle adjustment based on an assessment of the results of a questionnaire and medical examination or health checkup data. METHODS: A system was developed that gathers data based on questions regarding weight gain, exercise, smoking, sleep, eating habits, salt intake, animal fat intake, snacks, alcohol, and oral hygiene; body mass index, resting blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid and liver function tests. Based on the relationships between the lifestyle data and the health checkup data, a health assessment sheet was generated for persons being allocated to a multiple-risk-factor syndrome group. RESULTS: Health assessment and useful advice for lifestyle improvement were automatically extracted with the system, toward the high risk group for lifestyle related diseases. The system is operational. CONCLUSIONS: We developed a health guidance support system for lifestyle improvement. In comparison with conventional, limited advice methods, we developed a practical system that defined the necessity for lifestyle improvement more clearly, and made giving advice easier.
Asunto(s)
Promoción de la Salud , Estilo de Vida , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Consejo , Humanos , Japón , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
The perovskite oxide Sr(2/3)La(1/3)FeO3 has been found to switch its electronic ground state drastically at 23 GPa through measurements of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and powder x-ray diffraction up to 56 GPa. In the low-pressure region a first-order transition from a charge-uniform paramagnetic metallic phase to a charge-disproportionated (3Fe(11/3+)-->2Fe(3+)+Fe5+) antiferromagnetic insulating phase occurs at 207 K at 0.1 MPa and 165 K at 21 GPa, typically. Above 25 GPa, however, a charge-uniform ferromagnetic (and most probably metallic) phase persists below 300 K. This switching occurs at a lattice volume of V(23 GPa)/V(0)(0.1 MPa) = 0.89.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the concomitant use of docetaxel and carboplatin for radiosensitization in head and neck cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One dose of docetaxel at 10 mg/m2 and five doses of carboplatin at AUC of 0.4 per week were administered to patients during the first two weeks of radiotherapy. Sixteen patients were treated with this regimen. Radiotherapy was given to a total dose of 64.8 to 82.0 Gy. Altered fractionation radiotherapy was performed in 12 patients with untreated advanced tumors. RESULTS: The complete response (CR) rate was 81%, with a partial response (PR) rate of 19%. Toxicities included grade 3 mucositis in 69% of patients and grade 2 dermatitis in 56% of patients. CONCLUSION: This schedule of docetaxel and carboplatin combined with radiotherapy may become a useful approach for the management of head and neck cancer with proper management of mucositis.
Asunto(s)
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/radioterapia , Paclitaxel/análogos & derivados , Taxoides , Adulto , Anciano , Carboplatino/administración & dosificación , Carboplatino/efectos adversos , Carcinoma Adenoide Quístico/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma Adenoide Quístico/patología , Carcinoma Adenoide Quístico/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patología , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Terapia Combinada/efectos adversos , Docetaxel , Femenino , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Paclitaxel/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/efectos adversos , Fármacos Sensibilizantes a Radiaciones/administración & dosificación , Fármacos Sensibilizantes a Radiaciones/efectos adversos , Radioterapia/efectos adversosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been correlated with tumor resistance to radiation. Blockade of EGFR with C225 anti-EGFR antibody was previously shown to synergistically enhance radiation-induced tumor growth delay. The purpose of this study was to assess whether C225 can increase tumor cure by radiation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Nude mice bearing 8-mm-diameter A431 tumor xenografts in the hind leg were treated with C225 antibody, graded single doses of local tumor irradiation, or both. C225 was given i.p. at a dose of 1 mg/mouse 6 h before irradiation or 6 h before and 3 plus 6 days after irradiation. Tumor cure was the treatment endpoint assessed by the TCD(50) assay 120 days after treatment. The onset of recurrences of tumors not cured was also determined. RESULTS: C225 antibody increased the antitumor effects of radiation by reducing TCD(50) values and delaying tumor recurrences. Tumor radiocurability was enhanced by a factor of 1.18 by a single dose and by a factor of 1.92 by three doses of C225. Likewise, the appearance of tumor recurrences was delayed by a factor of 1.37 by a single dose and by a factor of 2.13 by three doses of C225. CONCLUSION: The data presented here demonstrate that C225 can increase tumor radiocurability and delay the appearance of recurrences of tumors not cured by radiation treatment.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Receptores ErbB/antagonistas & inhibidores , Proteínas de Neoplasias/antagonistas & inhibidores , Neoplasias/radioterapia , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Cetuximab , Relación Dosis-Respuesta en la Radiación , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/prevención & control , Neoplasias/química , Radiobiología , Dosificación Radioterapéutica , Trasplante HeterólogoRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to determine the potential role of positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) for the evaluation of bony metastasis compared with 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate (99Tcm-MDP) bone scintigraphy in patients with breast cancer. Fifty-one female patients with breast cancer who had PET together with a bone scan within 1 month between September 1994 and March 1997 were included in this study. The median age was 49 years (range 29-79 years). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the bone scan were 77.7%, 80.9% and 80.3%, respectively. On the other hand, for the detection of bone metastases PET had a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 77.7%, 97.6% and 94.1%, respectively. In the diagnosis of bony metastasis derived from breast cancer, FDG-PET was statistically superior to bone scintigraphy in its specificity. In conclusion, FDG-PET appears to be a powerful tool not only in the diagnosis of the primary lesion and soft tissue metastasis, but also in the diagnosis of bony metastasis among patients with breast cancer.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Óseas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Óseas/secundario , Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Medronato de Tecnecio Tc 99m , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión/métodos , Adulto , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Radiofármacos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
A 61-year-old woman had been treated for multiple myeloma for 4 years when she developed abdominal pain. Ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a tumor in the abdomen. Positron emission tomography (PET) with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) showed increased FDG uptake in the tumor. In previous bone marrow lesions, which were in clinical remission after chemotherapy and radiotherapy, abnormal FDG uptake was not recognized. Pathological examination after surgery revealed the tumor to be a plasmacytoma of the duodenum. Plasmacytoma of the duodenum is rare but can be seen during the clinical course of multiple myeloma. A few reports have described FDG PET findings of plasmacytoma. Those previous reports and our present case suggest a potential value of FDG PET in the evaluation of multiple myeloma.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Duodenales/diagnóstico por imagen , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Mieloma Múltiple , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/diagnóstico por imagen , Plasmacitoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión , Neoplasias Duodenales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Duodenales/patología , Neoplasias Duodenales/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mieloma Múltiple/diagnóstico por imagen , Mieloma Múltiple/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/patología , Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias/cirugía , Plasmacitoma/diagnóstico , Plasmacitoma/patología , Plasmacitoma/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , UltrasonografíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Clinicopathological significance of colorectal mucinous carcinoma (MC) remains controversial. The aim of the current study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of colorectal MC. METHODS: Eighteen patients with MC and 265 with moderately or well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the colon and rectum, were clinicopathologically compared. RESULTS: MCs occurred in the right colon significantly more frequently than did non-mucinous carcinomas (NMCs). The maximal size of the tumors in MCs (7.0 +/- 2.9 cm) was significantly larger than that in NMCs (5.1 +/- 2.1 cm) (P < 0.001). Although the ratio of patients with peritoneal metastasis in MCs (22.2%; 4/18) was significantly higher than that in NMCs (6.0%; 16/265) (P < 0.05), there was no significant difference regarding liver metastasis. The proportion of lymph node metastasis in MCs (72.2%; 13/18) was significantly higher than that in NMCs (44.9%; 119/265) (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference regarding the lymphatic and venous invasion. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of patients with MCs were 77. 8%, 45.4%, and 30.3%, respectively, and were significantly lower than those in patients with NMCs, that were 88.9 %, 65.6%, and 60.8%, respectively (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As colorectal MCs proliferate and metastasize more rapidly than do NMCs, surgeons should realize that more aggressive surgical treatment should be occasionally administered to improve the postoperative prognosis of the patients with colorectal MCs.
Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/patología , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Neoplasias del Recto/patología , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/secundario , Adenocarcinoma Mucinoso/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Neoplasias del Colon/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundario , Metástasis Linfática , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Peritoneales/secundario , Neoplasias del Recto/cirugía , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a specific mitogen for endothelial cells. We studied the production of VEGF by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) in response to the stimulation with interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha). HUVEC expressed VEGF mRNA in response to IL-1alpha in dose- and time-dependent manners. In HUVEC VEGF protein was detected only in cell lysates whereas in SMC most of the VEGF protein was detected in the conditioned medium. Immunofluorescent staining also confirmed the cell-associated VEGF in HUVEC. IL-1alpha also induced the expression of mRNA for IL-1alpha itself in HUVEC. Cycloheximide treatment of HUVEC slightly inhibited the IL-1alpha-induced expression of VEGF mRNA, and IL-1alpha may mediate, at least in part, VEGF expression in response to IL-1alpha. The growth of HUVEC stimulated with IL-1alpha was inhibited by a neutralizing antibody against VEGF. We conclude that IL-1alpha and VEGF may play an important role in autocrine growth regulation of HUVEC.
Asunto(s)
Endotelio Vascular/citología , Interleucina-1/farmacología , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Citocinas/farmacología , Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial/biosíntesis , Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial/genética , Endotelio Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Endotelio Vascular/metabolismo , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Mediadores de Inflamación/farmacología , Linfocinas/biosíntesis , Linfocinas/genética , Músculo Liso Vascular/citología , Músculo Liso Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , ARN Mensajero/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de Tiempo , Venas Umbilicales/citología , Venas Umbilicales/efectos de los fármacos , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Factores de Crecimiento Endotelial VascularRESUMEN
p53 protein expression, apoptosis and growth delay induced by nedaplatin, a novel platinum compound, were investigated in vivo, and compared with those induced by ionizing radiation. A human ependymoblastoma with wild-type p53 was transplanted subcutaneously to the thighs of nude mice. The incidences of p53 protein-positive cells and apoptosis in tumors increased following exposure to ionizing radiation. In tumors treated with nedaplatin, they also increased, but the incidences of p53 protein-positive cells and apoptosis induced by 32 mg/kg nedaplatin, 1/2 LD50, were lower than those induced by 1 Gy irradiation. However, growth-delay assay showed no significant difference between the efficacy of 32 mg/kg nedaplatin and that of 1 Gy irradiation. These results suggest that the main antineoplastic activity caused by nedaplatin may be mediated through different mechanisms than those of the p53-dependent early apoptosis.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Apoptosis/efectos de la radiación , Neoplasias Encefálicas/patología , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/patología , Compuestos Organoplatinos/farmacología , Proteína p53 Supresora de Tumor/metabolismo , Animales , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/metabolismo , Neoplasias Encefálicas/radioterapia , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Ratones , Ratones Desnudos , Trasplante de Neoplasias , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/tratamiento farmacológico , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/metabolismo , Tumores Neuroectodérmicos Primitivos/radioterapia , Compuestos Organoplatinos/uso terapéutico , Trasplante HeterólogoRESUMEN
The effects of docetaxel alone and in combination with irradiation were experimentally investigated in terms of induction of apoptosis. A human ependymoblastoma was transplanted into nude mice, and they were intravenously injected with docetaxel, followed or preceded by irradiation with a single dose of 2 Gy. Apoptosis was less common in the docetaxel-alone group than in the irradiation-alone group. When administration of docetaxel was followed by irradiation, apoptosis was equal to or less common than in the irradiation-alone group. Apoptosis was most common in the irradiation-followed-by-docetaxel group. The incidence of mitosis was lower in the irradiation-alone group and the irradiation-followed-by-docetaxel group than in the docetaxel-alone group and the docetaxel-followed-by-irradiation group. The combined effect of irradiation and docetaxel appears to be useful in inducing apoptosis, but the sequence of irradiation and docetaxel is important.