RESUMEN
In 2013, midpalatal suture maturation stage assessment was proposed for the evaluation of patients before performing maxillary expansion. In this study, we aimed to analyze the association between the midpalatal suture maturation stages assessed by CBCT, according to the method described by Angelieri et al., and other objective methods used to assess skeletal maturation or bone fusion. A computerized database search was conducted using PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus, without language restriction. Unpublished literature was searched on ClinicalTrials.gov, the National Research Register, and Pro-Quest Dissertation Abstracts and Thesis database. Authors were contacted when necessary, and reference lists of the included studies were screened. Search terms included midpalatal suture, maturation, correlation, diagnostic performance, classification, evaluation, assessment, and relationship. Quality assessment was performed using the Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies tool developed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria. Of all the studies included, 81.9% had fair qualit y and 18.1% good quality, respectively. Eight out of eleven studies assessed the correlation between the midpalatal suture maturation method and the skeletal maturity evaluated by CVM method (Spearman's correlation coefficient: 0.244-0.908). Two out of eleven studies evaluated the correlation between midpalatal suture maturation method and the skeletal maturity assessed by HWM method (Spearman's correlation coefficient: 0.904-0.905) Even though midpalatal suture maturation stage assessment needs an exhaustive training and calibration process, it is a valid method to evaluate skeletal maturation or bone fusion. From a clinical perspective, for patients at CS4, CS5 and CS6, an assessment of the midpalatal suture on CBCT is indicated. A similar assessment should be done in patients at SMI 7-9.
En 2013, se propuso un nuevo método para la evaluación del estadio de maduración de la sutura palatina mediana para la evaluación de los pacientes antes de realizar la expansión maxilar. En este estudio, nuestro objetivo fue analizar la asociación entre las etapas de maduración de la sutura palatina mediana evaluada en CBCT, según el método descrito por Angelieri et al., y otros métodos objetivos utilizados para evaluar la maduración esquelética o la fusión ósea. Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Cochrane Library, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science y Scopus, sin restricción de idioma. Se buscó literatura no publicada en ClinicalTrials.gov, el Registro Nacional de Investigación y la base de datos Pro-Quest Dissertation Abstracts and Thesis. Se estableció contacto con los autores cuando fue necesario y se revisaron las listas de referencias de los estudios incluidos. Los términos de búsqueda incluyeron sutura palatina mediana, maduración, correlación, rendimiento diagnóstico, clasificación, evaluación, valoración y relación. La evaluación de la calidad se realizó mediante la herramienta de Estudios transversales y de cohortes observacionales desarrollada por el Instituto Nacional del Corazón, los Pulmones y la Sangre. Once estudios cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Del total de estudios incluidos, el 81.9% tuvo calidad regular y el 18.1% calidad buena, respectivamente. Ocho de once estudios evaluaron la correlación entre el método de maduración de la sutura palatina mediana y la madurez esquelética evaluada por el método CVM (coeficiente de correlación de Spearman: 0.244-0.908). Dos de once estudios evaluaron la correlación entre el método de maduración de la sutura palatina mediana y la madurez esquelética evaluada por el método HWM (coeficiente de correlación de Spearman: 0.904-0.905). Aunque la evaluación del estado de maduración de la sutura palatina mediana necesita un proceso exhaustivo de entrenamiento y calibración, es un método válido para evaluar la maduración esquelética o la fusión ósea. Desde una perspectiva clínica, para pacientes en CS4, CS5 y CS6, está indicada una evaluación de la sutura palatina mediana en CBCT. Se debe realizar una evaluación similar en pacientes con SMI 7-9.
Asunto(s)
Determinación de la Edad por el Esqueleto/métodos , Técnica de Expansión Palatina , Suturas , Mandíbula/crecimiento & desarrolloRESUMEN
Mandibular movement recording is relevant for the planning and evaluation of mandibular function. These movements can include mandibular border movements (MBM) or mastication. Our objective was to characterize the kinematics of MBM and mastication among skeletal classes I, II, and III in the three spatial planes. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 30 participants. Instructions were provided on how to form Posselt's envelope and to perform masticatory. After data processing, we obtained numerical values for the areas, trajectories, and ranges of MBM that formed Posselt's envelope and the values for speed, masticatory frequency, and the areas of each masticatory cycle. Significant differences were found in the area of Posselt's envelope in the horizontal plane between skeletal classes I and III and in the range of right laterality between skeletal classes II and III. Mastication showed significant differences in the area of the masticatory cycles in the horizontal plane between classes I and III and between classes II and III. In conclusion, there were differences in MBM and mastication between skeletal classes III and I in the horizontal plane. This study supports the need to establish normal values for mandibular kinematics in skeletal class III.
RESUMEN
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency of midpalatal maturational stages in a Chilean urban sample of adolescents, post-adolescents and young adults, associated with chronological age and sex, by assessing CBCT scan images. Tomographic images in axial sections of the midpalatal sutures from 116 adolescents and young adults (61 females and 55 males, 10-25 years old) were classified according to their morphologic characteristics in five maturational stages (A, B, C, D and E), as proposed by Angelieri et al. The sample was divided into three groups: adolescents, post-adolescents and young adults. Three previously calibrated examiners (radiologist, orthodontist and general dentist) analyzed and classified the images. Stages A, B and C were considered to be an open midpalatal suture, and D and E were considered to be a partially or totally closed midpalatal suture. The most frequent stage of maturation was D (37.9%), followed by C (24%) and E (19.6%). The possibility of finding closed midpalatal sutures in individuals of 10 to 15 years was 58.4%, and in subjects aged 16 to 20 and 21 to 25 years, it was 51.7% and 61.7%, respectively. In males, Stages D and E were present in 45.4%; for females, this prevalence was 68.8%. Individual assessment of the midpalatal suture in each patient is of crucial importance before making the clinical decision of which is the best maxillary expansion method. Due to the extensive calibration and training required, it is advisable to always request a report from a radiologist. Individual evaluation with 3D imaging is recommended because of the great variability observed in the ossification of midpalatal sutures in adolescents, post-adolescents and young adults.
RESUMEN
Depredation by the Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus) is currently thought to be a problem in some areas of Spain. However, there are few technically validated forensic tools available to determine the veracity of claims with a high degree of scientific confidence, which is important given that such attacks may lead to compensation. The analysis of bite marks on attacked animals could provide scientific evidence to help identify the offender. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the morphological and morphometric characteristics of Iberian wolf dentition. This data collection would serve as a base-point for a more accurate identification of the wolves thorough their bite marks. For the first time, 36 dental variables have been studied in wolves' skulls, employing univariate and multivariate analyses. The general morphological dental characteristics of wolves are very similar in terms of their dental formula and tooth structure to other canids, like domestic dogs. Sex differentiation was evident, principally in terms of the maxillary distance between the palatal surfaces of the canine teeth (UbC) and the width of the left mandibular canine teeth (LlCWd). New morphometric reference information was obtained that can aid the forensic identification of bite marks caused by the Iberian wolf with greater confidence.
RESUMEN
La estimación de edad compone un aspecto importante en investigaciones forenses. Diferentes métodos se han descrito en odontología forense basadas en la correlación entre la edad y estructuras dentales. Cameriere et al. proponen un método cuantitativo para estimación de edad en adultos, a partir de la evaluación de la relación del área pulpa/diente, en base a la aposición de dentina secundaria. El objetivo del estudio fue desarrollar modelos de regresión para la estimación de edad dental mediante la relación área pulpa/diente en caninos inferiores en una muestra Chilena. Se analizaron 212 radiografías periapicales digitales (RPD) (86 hombres y 126 mujeres) de caninos mandibulares mediante el programa Image J para establecer el área de la pulpa y el diente. Se registraron los datos de sexo y edad de las RPD seleccionadas en forma ciega. Fueron desarrollados modelos de regresión lineal simples para la estimación de edad. El coeficiente de determinación para R33 fue 27,8 % y de 29,6 % para R44, con un error absoluto medio de 11,02 años y 10,37 años respectivamente. El análisis de ANOVA no mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas para las relaciones área pulpa/diente de caninos según sexo (p> 0,05). Según los resultados obtenidos, la metodología propuesta por Cameriere et al. es fiable para estimar la edad dental mediante la relación área pulpa/diente en adultos. Sin embargo, en los modelos de regresión desarrollados para la población Chilena, se puede afirmar que el ajuste indicado por los coeficientes de determinación muestran incerteza entre las variables área pulpa/diente y edad cronológica en caninos inferiores, por lo tanto se sugiere considerar otros métodos adicionales para estimar edad en esta población.
Age estimation is an important aspect In forensic investigations. Different methods in forensic odontology based on the correlation between age estimation in adults, from the analysis of the pulp/tooth area, based on the apposition of secondary dentine. The aim of the study was to develop regression models for the dental age estimation by the relation pulp/tooth area, in lower canines in a Chilean sample, using digital peri-apical radiographs (DPR) applying Cameriere's method. We analyzed 212 DPR (86 males and 126 females) mandibular canines through Image J program to measure the pulp/tooth area. Age and sex information was obtained of the DPR's blindly selected. We developed simple linear regression models for age estimation. The coefficient of determination to R33 was R2 age and dental structures have been described. Cameriere et al. proposed a quantitative method for 27.8 % and R2 29.6 % to R44, with a mean absolute error of 11.02 years, to R33 and 10.37 years to R44. ANOVA analysis showed no statistically significant differences for the pulp/tooth relation area of canines according to sex (p> 0.05). According to the results, the Cameriere's et al., method is reliable for dental age estimation according to pulp/tooth ratio in adults. However, in the regression models developed for Chilean population, it can be stated that the adjustment indicated by the coefficients of determination, show uncertainty between the pulp / tooth area and chronological age in lower canines, therefore it is suggested to use additional estimation methods for age in this population.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Diente/anatomía & histología , Determinación de la Edad por los Dientes/métodos , Radiografía Dental Digital/métodos , Pulpa Dental/anatomía & histología , Diente/diagnóstico por imagen , Modelos Logísticos , Chile , Análisis de Varianza , Pulpa Dental/diagnóstico por imagen , Distribución por Edad y Sexo , Odontología ForenseRESUMEN
La estimación de la edad es uno de los procedimientos más importantes para la identificación humana. Cameriere et al. propusieron un método para estimación de edad evaluando la relación área pulpa/diente utilizando radiografías dentales, basado en la aposición de dentina secundaria. El objetivo de este estudio, fue desarrollar modelos de regresión lineal para la estimación de la edad, mediante la relación de área pulpa/diente en caninos y premolares mandibulares utilizando ortopantomografías (OPGs) en una población chilena de individuos adultos de edad y sexo conocidos. Se analizaron 162 OPGs digitales (67 hombres y 95 mujeres) mediante el programa ImageJ, con el fin de medir las áreas señaladas. Mediante análisis de regresión, se estudiaron las posibles interacciones entre la edad, sexo y relación de área pulpa/diente. Esta relación disminuyó regularmente con la edad y varió de 0,03 a 0,6 para premolares y 0,04 a 0,6 para caninos respectivamente. El mejor modelo de estimación de edad fue para la relación del canino inferior izquierdo obteniendo un coeficiente de determinación de R2=8,7 %. La media de error absoluto, con un intervalo de confianza del 95 %, osciló entre 5,6 y 5,72 años. El análisis de ANCOVA no mostró diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres para la estimación de edad, al igual que para ambos lados de la cavidad oral. Según los resultados obtenidos, la relación de área pulpa/diente es una metodología fiable para la estimación de la edad en adultos. Sin embargo, los resultados demuestran que, en casos reales, es necesario contar con métodos adicionales de estimación ya que, al menos en la muestra analizada, el ajuste indicado por los coeficientes de determinación demostró falta de certeza en las estimaciones etarias producidas por los modelos de regresión lineal.
Age estimation is one of the most important procedures for human identification. Cameriere et al. proposed a method for age estimation based on the analysis of the pulp/tooth ratio by using dental x-rays, based on the apposition of secondary dentine. The objective of this study was to develop linear regression models for age estimation, by means of the pulp/tooth ratio of mandibular canines and premolars using orthopantomographies (OPGs) in a Chilean population of adults of known age and sex. We analyzed 162 digital OPGs (67 men and 95 women) through ImageJ software, in order to measure these areas. By means of regression analysis, the possible interactions between age, sex and pulp / tooth ratio were studied. This relationship decreased regularly with age and ranged from 0.03 to 0.6 for premolars and 0.04 to 0.6 for canines, respectively. The best model of age estimation was for the relation of the lower left canine, obtaining a coefficient of determination of R2=8.7 %. The mean absolute error, with a confidence interval of 95 %, ranged between 5.6 and 5.72 years. The ANCOVA analysis showed no significant differences between men and women for age estimation, as well as for both sides of the oral cavity. According to the results, the pulp/tooth ratio is a reliable methodology for estimating age in adults. However, the results showed that, in actual cases, it is necessary to use additional estimation methods since, at least in the sample analyzed, the adjustment indicated by coefficients of determination showed uncertainty in age estimation produced by the linear regression models.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Diente Premolar/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía Panorámica , Diente Canino/anatomía & histología , Diente Canino/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente Premolar/anatomía & histología , Determinación de la Edad por los Dientes , Modelos Lineales , Chile , Análisis de Varianza , Odontología ForenseRESUMEN
Denture marking (DM) helps identify edentulous people with different methods. Analyzing perceptions and attitudes of denture wearers would enable understanding of the practical aspects, an analysis still absent in South America. Fifty-three individual candidates for removable dentures were instructed on disaster victim identification (DVI) and the usefulness of DM for this purpose. They were physically shown eight DM systems and a questionnaire to which they responded by highlighting preferences in those systems. Although 98.11% did not know that dentures could be marked, only 9.43% denied interest in some type of DM. The 90.57% would mark their dentures with some system, preferring the inclusion of QR codes or a micro SIM card. The proven weaknesses of DVI and propensity for disaster mean this community in Chile is an opportunity to implement DM systems. Obstacles may come not from patients but from their dentists, educational institutions, or a lack of public policies.
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Identificación de la Prótesis Dental/métodos , Prioridad del Paciente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Chile , Dentadura Completa , Dentadura Parcial Removible , Femenino , Humanos , Arcada Edéntula , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Even though one of the first bite mark cases was Doyle v. State in 1954 (a bitten cheese case), the research has focused on bite marks inflicted in human skin. As published Papers, Case Reports, or Technical Notes can constitute precedents which are relied upon in making the legal arguments and a considerable amount of case law exists in this area, we present a systematic review on bite mark analysis in foodstuffs and inanimate objects and their underlying proofs for validity and judicial acceptance according to Daubert rulings. Results showed that there is vulnerability in these procedures, and it is essential to demand for focus scrutiny on the known error rates when such evidence is presented in trials. These kinds of bite marks are well documented; however, there has been little research in this field knowing that the protocols of analysis and comparison are the responsibility of the forensic odontologists.
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Mordeduras Humanas , Odontología Forense/legislación & jurisprudencia , Odontología Forense/normas , Alimentos , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of impacted maxillary canines and analyze variables associated with its retention in panoramic radiographs. Manual and Retrospective observational study of 16,835 records. A sample of 1,353 panoramic radiographs was obtained. The variables measured were canine angle, distance from the canine apex to occlusal plane, vertical and horizontal canine location. For reliable measurement an intra class Fleiss and Cohen correlation coefficient was used (0.997). Prevalence was 2.3%. 31 subjects had one or both retained canines. Average age 10.77±2.45, 61.3% were women. 64.5% presented unilateral retaining of which the largest percentage was left. A total of 41 retained canines were observed. Distance to occlusal plane 19 mm on average. In relation to the vertical location the highest percentage (48.7%) was found in the apical third. Regarding the horizontal location the highest percentage (77.6%) was found in sectors 1, 2 and 3. When analyzing the canine angle it was found that 83% measured 31 degrees or more. Radicular resorption was observed in 2 lateral incisors. The prevalence found is similar to that reported in the international literature. It occurred more frequently in women and left unilateral both not statistically significant.
El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de dientes caninos maxilares retenidos y analizar variables asociadas a su retención, en radiografías panorámicas. Se realizó un estudio observacional retrospectivo y manual de 16.835 fichas. Se obtuvo una muestra de 1.353 radiografías panorámicas. Las variables medidas fueron ángulo del canino, distancia de la cúspide del canino al plano oclusal, localización vertical y horizontal del canino. Para la fiabilidad de las mediciones se usó el coeficiente de correlación intraclase de Fleiss & Cohen (0,997). La prevalencia fue 2,3%. Treinta y un sujetos presentaron 1 o ambos caninos retenidos. La edad promedio fue 10,77±2,45, y el 61,3% fueron mujeres. El 64,5% presentó retención unilateral, principalmente del lado izquierdo. Se observó un total de 41 caninos retenidos. La distancia al plano oclusal en promedio fue 19 mm. En relación a la localización vertical, el mayor porcentaje (48,7%) se encontró en el tercio apical. Respecto a la localización horizontal, el mayor porcentaje (77,6%) se encontró en los sectores 1, 2 y 3. Al analizar el ángulo canino, se encontró que 83% midió 31 o más. Se observó reabsorción radicular de dos incisivos laterales. La prevalencia encontrada es similar a la reportada en la literatura internacional. La retención se presentó con mayor frecuencia en mujeres y de manera unilateral en el lado izquierdo, pero en ambos casos no es significativa.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Diente Impactado/epidemiología , Diente Impactado/diagnóstico por imagen , Diente no Erupcionado/epidemiología , Diente no Erupcionado/diagnóstico por imagen , Radiografía Panorámica , Prevalencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Diente CaninoRESUMEN
El uso masivo de antibióticos en implantología, sin un respaldo científico adecuado y que justifique su uso, ha sido y es en la actualidad, un tema que debe ser analizado y discutido, así como la resistencia bacteriana asociada. Es por este motivo que se realiza una encuesta diagnóstica, dirigida a cirujano dentistas con formación en cirugía de implantes, pertenecientes a las ciudades de Antofagasta, Concepción y Temuco, con el objetivo de conocer la realidad local en relación a los prototocolos antibióticos utilizados en cirugía de implantes dentales.
The massive use of antibiotics in implant dentistry, without adequate scientific support that justify their use, has been and is currently, an issue that must be analyzed and discussed, and the associated bacterial resistance. For this reason it makes a diagnostic survey, aimed at dentists trained in implant surgery, belonging to the cities of Antofagasta, Concepción and Temuco, in order to know the local situation with regard to the antibiotics used in surgery protocols of dental implants.
