Fracaso renal agudo como presentación de pancreatitis aguda hemorrágica con amilasa normal / Acute renal failure secondary to haemorrahagic acute pancreatitis with normal serum amylase levels

No disponible

No disponible

Hiperpotasemia en el medio hospitalario: un problema creciente / Hyperkalemia in hospitals. An increasing trouble

No disponible

No disponible

Actualización clínica y fisiopatológica de la hiponatremia / Clinical and physiology update of hyponatremia

No disponible

No disponible

[Acute obstructive renal failure secondary to retroperitoneal mass]. / Fracaso renal agudo obstructivo por masa retroperitoneal.

The acute renal failure is a grave pathology, of rapid establishment and relatively frequent in the hospital environment. We can describe three etiological groupS, which are responsible for it, amongst which are emphasized the pre-renal reasons. The obstructive pathology, of minor incidence, increases with the age. It is described the case of a 67-yr-old patient who was admitted in the Nephrology Service because of abrupt decline of the renal function. Among the initial symptoms, he presented arterial hypertension (190/90) and preserved diuresis. Blood analysis: urea 199 mg/dl, creatinine 7.7 mg/dl, without proteinuria. Sonography reported a bilateral ureteral hydronephrosis with simple cyst of possible ischemic origin. In view of the absence of previous biochemical data of renal failure, we considered possible reasons which start with an acute pattern. In initial evaluation, pre-renal etiology was not seen (high blood pressure, right cardiac systole function). The absence of prostatic syndrome and sonography discovery did not justify a diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction. Finally, abdominal-pelvic scan showed a periaortic retroperitoneal mass which included both ureters and appeared to trigger the obstruction. Combined efforts were pursued with the Urology Service, which implanted a bilateral "double J" catheter and later operated surgically on the patient, carrying out an alternating ureterolysis of both ureters. The biopsy manifested a retroperitoneal fibrosis, and the renogram showed a residual renal function of 20% in the right kidney and 80% in the left kidney. Due to the failure of the previous measures and as a last therapeutic recourse when one year had passed from the diagnosis, a continuous regimen with tamoxifen (anti-estrogen drug) in dose of 20 mg/dl each 12 hours was started, which began a progressive remission in the size of the observed mass by scan (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR). The treatment was completed during 12 months and in this time, the levels of blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were reduced gradually too. Finally, at the end of the treatment, the magnetic resonance demonstrate the complete disappearance of the fibrosis.

Hipertensión arterial maligna y fallo renal irreversible, asociado a toma de anticonceptivos orales

No disponible

Fracaso renal agudo obstructivo por masa retroperitoneal / Acute obstructive renal failure secondarty to retroperitoneal mass

El fracaso renal agudo es un proceso grave, de instauración rápida y relativamente frecuente en el medio hospitalario. Clásicamente se describen tres grupos etiológicos responsables del mismo, entre los cuales destacan las causas prerrenales. La patología obstructiva, de menor incidencia, aumenta con la edad. Se describe el caso de un paciente de 67 años que ingresa en el Servicio de Nefrología por un deterioro brusco de la función renal. Entre los síntomas iniciales, presenta hipertensión arterial (190/90) y diuresis conservada. La analítica pone de manifiesto una urea de 199 mg/dl, con creatinina de 7,7 mg/dl, sin proteinuria. La ecografía informa una hidronefrosis renoureteral bilateral con quistes simples de posible origen isquémico. Dada la ausencia de datos bioquímicos previos de insuficiencia renal, se consideran posibles causas desencadenantes del cuadro agudo. En la valoración inicial, la etiología prerrenal no tienen fundamento clínico (tensión arterial elevada, correcta función sistólica cardíaca por ecocardiografía), ni bioquímico. La ausencia de síndrome prostático y los hallazgos ecográficos tampoco justifican una obstrucción del tracto urinario. Por último, la tomografía abdomino-pélvica evidencia una masa retroperitoneal periaórtica que engloba ambos uréteres y parece desencadenante del cuadro obstructivo. Se inicia un seguimiento conjunto con el Servicio de Urología, que implanta unos catéteres «doble J» bilaterales y más adelante, interviene quirúrgicamente al paciente llevando a efecto una ureterolisis alterna de ambos uréteres. El material de biopsia informa de fibrosis retroperitoneal, y el renograma evalúa una función renal residual del 20% en riñón derecho y del 80% en el izquierdo. Ante el fracaso de las medidas quirúrgicas anteriores y como último recurso terapéutico, se ensaya al año del diagnóstico, una pauta continua con tamoxifeno (antiestrógeno) a dosis de 20 mg/dl cada 12 horas, que inicia una remisión progresiva en el tamaño de la masa, objetivada por tomografía (TAC) y resonancia magnética (RMN). La pauta se completa durante 12 meses y en este tiempo se reducen también de forma paulatina, los niveles de nitrógeno uréico y creatinina en sangre. Finalmente al término del tratamiento, la RMN evidencia la desaparición total de la fibrosis (AU)

The acute renal failure is a grave pathology, of rapid establishment and relatively frecuent in the hospital environment. We can describe three etiological group, which are responsible of himself, amongst which are emphasized the pre-renal reasons. The obstructive pathology, of minor incidence, increase with the age. It in described the case of a patient with 67 years old who is admitted in the Nephrology Service because of abrupt spoiling of the renal function. Between initials symptons, he presents arterial hipertension (190/90) and preserved diuresis. The analytics manifest: urea 199 mg/dl, creatinine 7.7 mg/dl, without proteinuria. Sonography reports a bilateral ureteral hydronephrosis with simple cyst of possible ischemia origin. In view of the absence of previus biochemicals data of renal failure, it is considered possibles reasons which start acute pattern. In initial evaluation, pre-renal etiology has not clinical basis (high blood pressure, right cardiac systole function). The absence of prostatic syndrome and sonography discovery, neither justify an urinary tract obstruction. Finally, abdominal-pelvic scan show a periaortic retroperitoneal mass which include both ureter and appear like outbreak ob obstruent patern. It is begun a combined pursuit with the Urology Service, which implant a bilateral «double J» catheter and later, operate on surgicaly the patient, carrying out an alternating ureterolysis of both ureter. The equipment of byopsy manifested a retroperitoneal fibrosis, and the renogram evaluate a residual renal function of 20% inside right kidney and 80% inside left kidney. Before the failure of the previous measuring and like last therapeutic recourse, it is tried when one year has passed from the diagnostic, a continuous guide with tamoxifen (anti-estrogen drug) in dose of 20 mg/dl each 12 hours, which begins a progressive remission in the size of the objectified mass by scan (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR). The guide is completed during 12 months and in this time, the levels of ureic nitrogen and creatinine in blood, are reduced gradually too. Finally, at the end of the treatment, the magnetic resonance demonstrate the complete disappearance of the fibrosis (AU)

Síndrome nefrótico por amiloidosis AL, asociado a gammapatía monoclonal IgM lambda / No disponible

No disponible

No disponible

Respuesta al mofetil micofenolato en un caso de nefropatía lúpica resistente a ciclofosfamida IV y ciclosporina A / No disponible

No disponible

[Histopathologic factors with prognostic significance in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis]. / Factores histopatológicos de valor pronóstico en glomerulonefritis proliferativa mesangial.

To investigate the histopathological findings with prognostic significance in mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), 52 patients with this disease were evaluated with sufficient clinical follow-up. A moderate but highly significant correlation was found between the final creatinine levels and the percentage of sclerosed glomeruli and number of atrophic tubuli per 10 high power fields (r = 0.530, p less than 0.001). When the patients with idiopathic MPGN and those with MPGN secondary to systemic or streptococcal disease were separately considered, there was a remarkable increase in the correlation index for the primary cases (r = 0.912, p less than 0.001). It was concluded that the finding with the highest predictive value in idiopathic forms is tubular atrophy. Three levels of disease were proposed, respectively defining patients with preserved renal function, established chronic renal failure and unpredictable outcome of renal function after a follow-up of five years.