[Effect of mesenchymal stem cells and entero-absorbent on cardiac function in rats following local irradiation of the chest].

Cardiac function in Wistar male rats was assessed by ECG records for 28 days following exposure of the chest to γ-rays at a dose of 6 Gy, dose rate 4 Gy/min. The exposed rats experienced a moderate cardiac ischemia and a certain increase in the load on the atria. The use of clay of Kaluga deposit and mesenchymal stem cells reduced the adverse radiation effects.

[Experimental study of the effect of detoxification with enterosorbents on the function of irradiated myocardium].

Increase in intoxication products, such as medium size peptides, indole and myoglobin, in urine was observed in Wistar rats after exposure of their chest to gamma-radiation at a dose of 6 Gy (dose rate 4 Gy/min). The rats exhibited moderate ischemic ECG. Administration of enterosorbents, such as Smekta and Clay of Kaluga deposit, to the irradiated rats resulted in the decrease of the toxicant content in the animals and the recovery of the cardiac function on the 28th day. These sorbents had practically a similar efficacy.

[Specific effect of attenuated strain of Francisella tularensis on the development of radiation induced lesions in experimental animals and effictiveness of antibacterial therapy for lesions induced by radiation combined with virulemt strain of the bacteria].

For study of the effects of whole-body gamma-radiation (1 and 4 Gy) on the response of the body to administration of vaccines and virulent strains of tularemia 206 outbred white mice were used. The results of the study shown that the administration of attenuated bacterial cells in 5 days after exposure to radiation (1 and 4 Gy) caused more severe post-radiation effects and the increase in the number of died animals. The severity of the disease was less if mice were vaccinated in 26 days after irradiation (4 Gy). The treatment of tularemia in irradiated mice twith Riphampicin (daily peroral administration, 5 mg/mouse, duration of treatment--7 days) administered in 4 hours after infection was effective and caused high survival of affected mice. The results show effectiveness of the riphampicin treatment of tularemia in the animals exposed to sublethal dose of radiation.

[Mechanisms of detoxification efficiency of new enterosorbent in combined radiation pathology].

Studies with rats and white mice demonstrated that combined radiation injury (CRI) comes to reducing protease activity in small intestine tissues. In liver tissue the activity of cathepsine D increased under the action of new enterosorbent--clay of Kaluga deposit ("CKD"). In blood serum of the damaged animals the amount of histogenic toxins--middle mass molecules (MMM) and oligopeptides decreased after "CKD" administration. An effective fixation and withdrawal of bacteria from the bowl of the affected animals took place. The survival level of mice in 30 days after CRI comprised 20% as compared with 60% in the case of "CK D" administration. It is supposed that the increase of survival after "CKD" administration is the result of enhancement of macrophage detoxification in liver, determined on the increase of activity of cathepsine D (lysosomal protease), elimination of MMM and normalization of gut microflora.

[Development of tissue intoxication in the exposed rats and the effect of sorbents of different chemical structure]. / Izmeneie razvitiia gistiogennoi toksemii u obluchennykh krys primenenii sorbentov razlichnogo khimighceskogo stroeniia.

In experiments with Wistar rats exposed to 7.5 Gy, polycationic sorbent ICHANT with gel structure and pores of various size exhibited stronger antitoxic properties as compared to carbon sorbents.

[Antitoxic features of magnesium oxide under combined radiation and thermal injury]. / Antitoksichnye svoistva okisi magniia pri kombinirovannom radiatsionno-termicheskom porazhenii.

Male Wistar rats were exposed to 7.5 Gy total body gamma radiation followed to the additional full-thickness thermal bum. It was shown, that single administration of magnesium oxide in 1 hour after combined injury significantly corrected the early signs of endogenous intoxication. The level of bacterial endotoxemia decreased as well as serum concentration of toxic oligopeptides; general blood serum toxicity has been reduced too. Four-fold magnesium oxide's using as an enterosorbent in combination with antibiotics (doxycyclini, gentamicini or ciprofloxacin) has ensured 73-100% rats survival. All untreated animals dead within 30 days after combined injury.

[The characteristics of the development of endogenous intoxication after chronic radiation exposure and thermal trauma]. / Osobennosti razvitiia éndogennoi intoksikatsii posle khronicheskogo luchevogo vozdeistviia i termicheskoi travmy.

Chronic whole-body gamma irradiation of rats at the cumulative doses of 0.25 or 1 Gy results in a significant increase in the bacterial toxemia. A thermal injury suffered 3 months after the irradiation aggravates the bacterial toxemia and increases a number of medium-mass molecules. A thermal injury alone causes less pronounced changes in the toxemia indices as compared to the above combined damage.

[Effects of a synthetic carbon-mineral sorbent and antibiotics on the development of combined radiation and thermal injury]. / Vliianie sinteticheskogo uglerod-mineral'nogo sorbenta (SUMS-1) i antibiotikov na razvitie kombinirovannogo radiatsionno-termicheskogo porazheniia.

Male Wistar rats exposed to whole-body irradiation, the midline absorbed dose was 7.5 Gy. Full-sickness thermal burn 15% of body surface inflicted immediately after irradiation. Experimental study of the therapeutic efficacy of enterosorption alone or in combination with antibiotics doxycycline and ciprofloxacin performed. The strong decrease of bacterial endotoxemia, toxic oligopeptides' level and general blood toxicity revealed after treatment compared with non-treated animals with combined injuries. Corrections of postirradiation intestinal dysbacteriosis revealed too. The best result observed when carbon mineral sorbent and antibiotics administered daily within the first 10-14 days after combined injury. Survival of treated animals increased up to 80% (all rats of control group died during 30 days after combined injury).

[The efficacy of using synthetic carbon-mineral sorbents in combined radiation-thermal lesions]. / Effektivnost' primeneniia sinteticheskikh uglerod-mineral'nykh sorbentov pri kombinirovannykh radiatsionno-termicheskikh porazheniiakh.

The effect of enterosorbents of group "SUMS" on the manifestations of endogenous intoxication syndrome and dysfunction of small intestine was studied in rats with combined radiational-thermal injuries. The "SUMS" enterosorbents are shown to reduce the general toxemia, and promote the recovery of intestinal wall digestion enzyme activity and glucose absorption.

[Development of toxemia in rats with long-term irradiation]. / Razvitie ozhogovoi toksemii u krys, pereneschikh dlitelnoe obluchenie

Prolonged whole-body gamma-irradiation of rats by daily dose 0.5 Gy up to total dose 8 Gy led to excessive bacterial intoxication with simultaneous decrease of the number of leucocytes and their migration rate. Additional thermal burn of exposed rats resulted in more strong bacterial intoxication, increase of the number of toxic oligopeptides and decrease of leucocytes migration rate. Isolated thermal lesion caused short-term and less pronounced increase of indices under study.

[The characteristics of the development of bacterial enterotoxemia and endotoxemia in combined radiation and thermal lesions]. / Osobennosti razvitiia bakterial'noi énteroéndotoksemii pri kombinirovannykh radiatsionno-termicheskikh porazheniiakh.

Thermal burn of irradiated rats increases the level and the length of the postirradiation enteroendotoxemia and aggravates the postirradiation impairment of the hematoenterocitic barrier. The pharmacological correction of the small intestine motility and introduction of ciproheptadine, an agent that blocks serotonin receptors, ameliorates the above phenomenon in radiation and thermal injuries.

[Experimental rationale for the feasibility of using sulacillin for the prevention of infectious complications of combined radiation and thermal injuries]. / Eksperimental'noe obosnovanie vozmozhnosti primeneniia sulatsillina dlia profilaktiki infektsionnykh ozlozhnenii kombinirovannykh radiatsionno-termicheskikh porazhenii.

Concurrent radiation and thermal injury (IRTI) was simulated in Wistar rats. For prevention of the autoinfectious complications sulacillin, a combination of ampicillin and sulbactam, was used. The use of sulacillin was started on the onset of IRTI and continued for 7 days. The drug was administered intramuscularly twice a day. It was observed that the 8-day survival of the animals increased by more than 40 per cent and the statistical levels of bacteremia and bacterial endotoxemia significantly decreased. The experiments showed that sulacillin had no side immunodepressive effect and did not aggravate the affection of the blood system. The drug was recommended for further studies to provide evidence for rational schemes of antibacterial therapy in IRTI.

[Decrease in bacterial toxemia after radiation-thermal injury in the restoration of motor-evacuation function of the gastrointestinal tract]. / Snizhenie bakterial'noi intoksikatsii posle radiatsionno-termicheskogo porazheniia pri vosstanovlenii motorno-évakuatornoi funktsii zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta.

Experiments were conducted on male Wistar rats to study the possibility of restoration of the motor-evacuative function (MEF) of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) after radiothermal injury (irradiation with a dose of 6 Gr+Stage IIIb burn). Changes in the development of bacterial intoxication in the injured organism were analysed. Restoration of GIT MEF in the injured rats leads to simultaneous diminution of the degree of bacterial toxemia which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of radiothermic injury.

[Functional changes in the small intestine under the influence of sorbents in rats with a radiation-thermal lesion]. / Izmenenie funktsii tonkoi kishki pod vliianiem sorbentov u krys s radiatsionno-termicheskim porazheniem.

Major small intestine functions of rats were inhibited after whole-body exposure to radiation and heat. The injection of sorbents varying in the chemical structure favored the recovery of the small intestine function.

[Changes in the severity of burn shock in irradiated animals under the influence of blood serum alpha- and beta-globulins]. / Izmenenie tiazhesti ozhogovogo shoka u obluchennykh zhivotnykh pod vliianiem al'fa- i beta-globulinov syvorotki krovi.

Injection of blood serum alpha-beta-globulins during burn shock normalizes the amount of middle mass molecular peptides, acid proteinase activity, acid-base balance, and hemodynamics in irradiated rats. The survival of animals in this period increases from 23% to 52%.

[Assessment of the degree of severity of radiation lesions in dogs using densitometric-geometric parameters of the blood lymphocytes]. / Otsenka stepeni tiazhesti luchevogo porazheniia sobak po densito-geometricheskim parametram limfotsitov krovi.

Changes in densitometric-geometric parameters of lymphocyte nuclei of dog peripheral blood detected at early times (6 and 24 H) following gamma irradiation with 2.5 and 6.0 Gy are given a composite description. Using densitometric-geometric parameters the authors have developed an algorithm allowing for a 90% accuracy in the classification of objects according to the severity of radiation affection.