[The intestinal microbiota composition in patients with multiple sclerosis receiving different disease-modifying therapies DMT]. / Osobennosti sostava mikrobioty kishechnika u patsientov s rasseiannym sklerozom, poluchaiushchikh preparaty, izmeniaiushchie techenie rasseiannogo skleroza.

AIM: To describe characteristics of the intestinal microbiota in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) treated with glatiramer acetate (GA) or fingolimode (FG) for understanding causal relationships between gut microbiota and autoimmune processes in MS patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 34 patients treated with GA (n=17) or FG (n=17). GA was used in a dose of 20 mg/kg subcutaneously once a day, FG in a dose of 0.5 mg daily. All patients were examined during remission. To assess the composition of gut microbiota, bacteriological and real-time PCR techniques were used. DNA was extracted from feces using DNA-EXPRESS kit. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was a decrease in numbers of Escherichia coli with normal enzymatic activity, which was replaced by atypical forms of E. coli, Enterobacter spp. and fungi of the genus Candida, and, during treatment with GA, by atypical forms of E. coli, Proteus spp., Parvimonas micra. These differences indicate the effect of the therapy on the intestinal microbiota composition.

[Neuroprotection therapy of multiple sclerosis with high doses of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate]. / Vozmozhnosti neiroprotektsii pri rasseyannom skleroze: opyt primeneniya vysokikh doz preparata etilmetilgidroksipiridina suktsinat.

AIM: To study the therapeutic action of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate (mexidol) on the neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty-two MS patients and 24 healthy controls were examined using DTI MRI with tractography. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate can prevent the progression of neurodegenerative processes in MS. However, further clinical trials are needed to confirm the results obtained in this study.

[Symptoms of circadian desynchronization in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Circadian rhythm of sleep-wakefulness and evacuation function of intestines, symptoms of neuropsychic adaptation were investigated in 36 patients, aged 21-53 years, with multiple sclerosis (MS). Frequencies of circadian rhythm disturbances of brain activity (insomnia in 66% of patients) and circadian rhythm disturbances of intestine evacuation (constipation in 72% of patients) were revealed. Insomnia and irritability in MS patients with bradyenteria occur 1.5 times more frequent than in patients with normal regulative activity of the bowels. The risk of anxiety and depression in MS patients with bradyenteria was 2-3 times higher than in patients with euenteria. The suitability of normalization of circadian desynchronization of MS patients by the restoration of optimal acrophases of circadian rhythms of the brain and bowels is established.

[Pathogenetic treatment of multiple sclerosis: the present and the future].

Treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains one of the most serious problems of modern medicine though a significant progress in understanding of disease pathogenesis has been achieved over the last years. Currently there are the ways of modifying the disease course that improve the remote prognosis. In this review, we present results of studies of drugs modifying the MS course which have been approved for MS treatment and those that are in the stage of clinical trials and expected to enlarge possibilities of MS treatment.

[The peculiarities of plantar pressure distribution during gait in different variants of functional system impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis].

Gait disturbance is a prominent disabling presentation of multiple sclerosis. The data on the distribution of plantar pressure during gait and its relation to the level of neurological deficit in various disturbances of pyramidal and cerebral functions in remitting type of multiple sclerosis are presented.