Integrin αvß6 mediates the immune escape through regulation of PD-L1 and serves as a novel marker for immunotherapy of colon carcinoma.

The immune escape of colon cancer and its role in the response to immunotherapies such as PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors have long been of great interest. The positive outcomes of immunotherapy are limited by the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment. Integrin αvß6, which can regulate the progression of colon cancer, was recently reported to be involved in the immune suppression of colon cancer. In the present study, we explored the correlation between αvß6 and PD-L1 expression by immunohistochemistry of colon cancer tissues. Then, the regulation of PD-L1 signaling by αvß6 in colon cancer cells was demonstrated. We constructed an in vivo model and performed immunophenotyping experiments to analyze further the regulation of the immune response by αvß6. The role of αvß6 in the response to anti-PD-1 therapy in colon cancer was also verified. αvß6-positive tissues exhibited increased PD-L1 expression. Inhibition of αvß6 not only downregulated constitutive PD-L1 expression but also decreased IFN-γ-induced PD-L1 expression. In addition, αvß6-induced PD-L1 expression was suppressed by the ERK inhibitor PD98059, and knockdown of the ß6-ERK2 binding site had the equivalent effect. αvß6 decreased CD8+ T cell infiltration and granzyme B expression in CD8+ T cells in colon cancer patients. Furthermore, mice engrafted with αvß6-expressing colon cancer cells exhibited an unsatisfactory response to anti-PD-1 therapy, and anti-PD-1-induced increases in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell infiltration could be inhibited by αvß6. These results indicate that αvß6 mediates immune escape in colon cancer by upregulating PD-L1 through the ERK/MAPK pathway. Moreover, αvß6 could serve as a marker for the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in colon cancer.

Atroposelective N-N Axes Synthesis via Electrochemical Cobalt Catalysis.

Here, we disclosed an unprecedented cobalt electrocatalyzed atroposelective C-H activation and annulation for the efficient construction of diversely functionalized N-N axes in an undivided cell. A broad range of allene substrates and benzamides bearing different functionalities are compatible with generating axially chiral products with good yields and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 92% yield and 99% ee). A series of synthetic applications and control experiments were also performed, which further expanded the practicality of this strategy.

Antioxidant effects of Paeoniflorin and relevant molecular mechanisms as related to a variety of diseases: A review.

Paeoniflorin (PF), which is the main component of the Paeonia lactiflora Pall extract, is one of the traditional Chinese medicines. The pharmacological effects associated with PF include antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antidepressant-like and neuroprotective effects. Our previous studies had revealed that PF protected melanocytes and inhibited photodamage through the suppression of oxidative stress (OS). As OS plays a vital role in the progression of a variety of diseases, the capacity for PF to suppress OS may exert important effects upon them. However, no review exists on these antioxidant effects of PF as related to various diseases. Therefore, in this review we summarized studies involved with examining the antioxidant effects and molecular mechanisms of PF. Through its capacity to inhibit OS, PF has been shown to exert beneficial effects upon several systems including nervous, cardiac/vascular, digestive, and respiratory as well as specific diseases such as diabetes, autoimmune, pregnancy related, ocular, kidney, dermatology, along with suppression of distal flap necrosis, postoperative adhesions, and hearing loss. Such findings provide new insights and directions for future research directed at the development of PF as a natural antioxidant for the treatment of clinical diseases.

Primary pancreatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma: A case report.

BACKGROUND: Primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is an exceedingly rare tumor with limited mention in scientific literature. The clinical manifestations of PPL are often nonspecific, making it challenging to distinguish this disease from other pancreatic-related diseases. Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for these individuals. CASE SUMMARY: In this case study, we present the clinical details of a 62-year-old woman who initially presented with vomiting, abdominal pain, and dorsal pain. On further evaluation through positron emission tomography-computed tomography, the patient was considered to have a pancreatic head mass. However, subsequent endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) revealed that the patient had pancreatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS). There was a substantial decrease in the size of the pancreatic mass after the patient underwent a cycle of chemotherapy comprised of brentuximab vedotin, decitabine, and oxaliplatin (brentuximab vedotin and Gemox). The patient had significant improvement in radiological findings at the end of the first cycle. CONCLUSION: Primary pancreatic PTCL-NOS is a malignant and heterogeneous lymphoma, in which the clinical manifestations are often nonspecific. It is difficult to diagnose, and the prognosis is poor. Imaging can only be used for auxiliary diagnosis of other diseases. With the help of immunostaining, EUS-FNA could be used to aid in the diagnosis of PPL. After a clear diagnosis, chemotherapy is still the first-line treatment for such patients, and surgical resection is not recommended. A large number of recent studies have shown that the CD30 antibody drug has potential as a therapy for several types of lymphoma. However, identifying new CD30-targeted therapies for different types of lymphoma is urgently needed. In the future, further research on antitumor therapy should be carried out to improve the survival prognosis of such patients.

Correlation between the systemic immune inflammation index and risk of psoriasis: results from NHANES.

The systemic immune inflammation index (SII) is an effective indicator of systemic inflammatory status. As psoriasis patients present with systemic involvement, we assessed whether SII is associated with psoriasis in adults. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2003 to 2006 and 2009 to 2014. The study used a multistage sampling design that nationally represents the US population. The main outcome was the prevalence of psoriasis. SII was calculated as platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count and transformed into log2SII. Sampling weights were calculated according to the guidelines of NHANES. The cohort consisted of 13,300 participants, aged 20-59, who provided responses to their psoriasis status. Among the adults included in this study were 358 with psoriasis and 12,942 without psoriasis. Based on multivariate analysis adjusted for multiple covariates, the highest quartile of log2SII positively correlated with psoriasis relative to the lowest quartile. The subgroup analyses showed that participants in quartile 4 correlated with an increased risk of psoriasis among those aged 40 to 59 years, and among those with obesity or metabolic syndrome. Based on sensitivity analyses, the association between log2SII and psoriasis remained after excluding potential systemic medication use. Based on this cross-sectional study, SII was shown to be associated with psoriasis in the US adult population. Longitudinal monitoring of systemic inflammatory status in psoriasis patients may be necessary to prevent the recurrence of psoriasis, especially for those with obesity or metabolic syndrome.

Concurrence of dermatomyositis and psoriasis: a case report and literature review.

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a type of inflammatory myopathy with unknown causes. It is characterized by distinct skin lesions, weakness in the muscles close to the body, and the potential to affect multiple organs. Additionally, it may be associated with the presence of malignancies. The development of DM is influenced by genetic susceptibility, autoimmune response, and various external factors like cancer, drugs, and infectious agents. Psoriasis is a chronic, recurring, inflammatory, and systemic condition. Scaly erythema or plaque is the typical skin manifestation. The etiology of psoriasis involves genetic, immune, environmental and other factors. It is uncommon for a patient to have both of these diseases simultaneously, although individuals with DM may occasionally exhibit symptoms similar to those of psoriasis. Our patient was diagnosed with psoriasis in his 50s because of scalp squamous plaques, but he did not receive standard treatment. Ten years later, he developed symptoms of muscle pain and limb weakness. He was diagnosed with psoriasis complicated with dermatomyositis in our department and received corresponding treatment. Moreover, we reviewed the relevant literature to evaluate similarities and differences in clinical manifestation and treatment to other cases.

Artificial intelligence-driven microbiome data analysis for estimation of postmortem interval and crime location.

Microbial communities, demonstrating dynamic changes in cadavers and the surroundings, provide invaluable insights for forensic investigations. Conventional methodologies for microbiome sequencing data analysis face obstacles due to subjectivity and inefficiency. Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents an efficient and accurate tool, with the ability to autonomously process and analyze high-throughput data, and assimilate multi-omics data, encompassing metagenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. This facilitates accurate and efficient estimation of the postmortem interval (PMI), detection of crime location, and elucidation of microbial functionalities. This review presents an overview of microorganisms from cadavers and crime scenes, emphasizes the importance of microbiome, and summarizes the application of AI in high-throughput microbiome data processing in forensic microbiology.

The clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 60 cutaneous glomus tumor: a retrospective case series study.

BACKGROUND: Glomus Tumor (GT) are benign neoplasms that originate from mesenchymal cells. It presents as tenderness and cold allodynia in the digits, especially in the subungual region. There are a few studies that investigated the mechanism of pain. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinical-pathologic characteristics of GT and to identify the expression of IL-1ß, IL-6, and CGRP in it, further, to explore the possible mechanism of pain. METHODS: The clinical and pathological data of 60 GT patients were retrospectively analyzed. Tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry were used to measure the expression of IL-1ß, IL-6 and CGRP. RESULTS: GT is more common in females and the ratio of male to was near to 1:2, mostly in middle-aged people. It often occurs in fingertips, especially the thumbs. Patients often present with spontaneous pain, tenderness, and cold hypersensitivity. Both the two pain mediators IL-1ß and IL-6 were highly expressed in GT cells of patients with and without cold hypersensitivity. While CGRP was not expressed in GT. STUDY LIMITATIONS: Low sample size and further research is needed to explore the specific mechanism. CONCLUSIONS: IL-1ß and IL-6 were highly expressed in GT cells, suggesting that IL-1ß and IL-6 have certain nociceptive roles in GT. In the 4 patients with cold intolerance, the intensity of IL-1ß and IL-6 staining was also strong, suggesting that they may not play a role in the cold hypersensitivity. However, since there are only 4 patients with cold intolerance, it's necessary to conduct further in-depth research using a larger sample size. The specific role of CGRP in GT has not been found yet.

Intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of hospitalized COVID-19 patients: an evidence mapping and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The clinical efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatment for COVID-19 remain controversial. This study aimed to map the current status and gaps of available evidence, and conduct a meta-analysis to further investigate the benefit of IVIg in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: Electronic databases were searched for systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SR/MAs), primary studies with control groups, reporting on the use of IVIg in patients with COVID-19. A random-effects meta-analysis with subgroup analyses regarding study design and patient disease severity was performed. Our outcomes of interest determined by the evidence mapping, were mortality, length of hospitalization (days), length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay (days), number of patients requiring mechanical ventilation, and adverse events. RESULTS: We included 34 studies (12 SR/MAs, 8 prospective and 14 retrospective studies). A total of 5571 hospitalized patients were involved in 22 primary studies. Random-effects meta-analyses of very low to moderate evidence showed that there was little or no difference between IVIg and standard care or placebo in reducing mortality (relative risk [RR] 0.91; 95% CI 0.78-1.06; risk difference [RD] 3.3% fewer), length of hospital (mean difference [MD] 0.37; 95% CI - 2.56, 3.31) and ICU (MD 0.36; 95% CI - 0.81, 1.53) stays, mechanical ventilation use (RR 0.92; 95% CI 0.68-1.24; RD 2.8% fewer), and adverse events (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.84-1.14; RD 0.5% fewer) of patients with COVID-19. Sensitivity analysis using a fixed-effects model indicated that IVIg may reduce mortality (RR 0.76; 95% CI 0.60-0.97), and increase length of hospital stay (MD 0.68; 95% CI 0.09-1.28). CONCLUSION: Very low to moderate certainty of evidence indicated IVIg may not improve the clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Given the discrepancy between the random- and fixed-effects model results, further large-scale and well-designed RCTs are warranted.

[Meteorological Impact Assessment of PM2.5 and O3 Complex Pollution in Key Regions of China Based on Meteorological Conditions Index].

Meteorological conditions play a key role in the occurrence and evolution of atmospheric complex pollution. Considering the different pollution formation mechanisms of PM2.5 and O3, statistical calculation and in-depth learning methods were used to construct the PM2.5 and O3 meteorological condition indexes based on long-term pollution meteorological observation data. A research method was developed to study the meteorological characteristics and impact contribution of atmospheric complex pollution by using the meteorological condition index, and quantitative analysis of the distribution and variation of pollution excluding the influence of regional meteorological differences was also conducted. The results showed that in the summer of 2021, the pollution meteorological conditions in the key regions in central and eastern China were generally worse in the north and better in the south(index:"2+26" cities>the border area of Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, and Henan>the Yangtze River Delta) and the worst in June and the best in July. The "double high" pollution began to appear when the PM2.5 meteorological condition index>30 and O3 meteorological condition index>100; meanwhile, the unfavorable meteorological conditions for O3 also promoted the increase in PM2.5 concentration, resulting in the frequency of "double high" increases with the increase in O3 meteorological condition index. Compared with that during the same period last year, ρ(PM2.5) of each region decreased by 3.9 µg·m-3, 3.3 µg·m-3, and 1.4 µg·m-3 due to the contribution of the improvement in the pollution meteorological conditions, which is nearly 58.5% on average of the total decrease in PM2.5 concentration. However, the change in O3 pollution meteorological conditions was better in the north and worse in the south, and the overall deterioration in the Yangtze River Delta Region led to approximately 2.8 µg·m-3 growth for the O3 concentration. The PM2.5 and O3 concentrations after excluding the impact of meteorological differences showed different distribution characteristics from the air quality monitoring, in which the high concentrations of PM2.5 were distributed along the Bohai Sea, the inter-provincial border, and the south of the region, whereas the high concentrations of O3 were concentrated along the Taihang Mountains, around Mount Tai, and in parts of the Yangtze River Delta. The daily concentration variations in a single city during a specific pollution control period could be used as a basis for evaluating the effectiveness of local supervision and control, which will provide a reference for the dynamic supervision and daily scheduling of local control management.

Comparative Study of the Structural Characteristics and Bioactivity of Polysaccharides Extracted from Aspidopterys obcordata Hemsl. Using Different Solvents.

The polysaccharides extracted from Aspidopterys obcordata are thought to have anti-urolithiasis activity in Drosophila kidney stones. This study aimed to assess the effects of different extraction solvents on the yield, chemical composition, and bioactivity of polysaccharides from A. obcordata. A. obcordata polysaccharides were extracted by using four solutions: hot water, HCl solution, NaOH solution, and 0.1 M NaCl. The results revealed that the extraction solvents significantly influenced the extraction yields, molecular weight distribution, monosaccharide compositions, preliminary structural characteristics, and microstructures of polysaccharides. The NaOH solution's extraction yield was significantly higher than the other extraction methods. Vitro antioxidant activity assays revealed that the NaOH solution extracted exhibited superior scavenging abilities towards DPPH and ABTS radicals and higher FRAP values than other polysaccharides. The vitro assays conducted for calcium oxalate crystallization demonstrated that four polysaccharides exhibited inhibitory effects on the nucleation and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals, impeded calcium oxalate monohydrate growth, and induced calcium oxalate dihydrate formation. The NaOH solution extracted exhibited the most pronounced inhibition of calcium oxalate crystal nucleation, while the hot water extracted demonstrated the most significant suppression of calcium oxalate crystal aggregation. Therefore, it can be inferred that polysaccharides extracted with NaOH solution exhibited significant potential as a viable approach for extracting polysaccharides from stems due to their superior yield and the remarkable bioactivity of the resulting products.

Hepatitis D virus dual-infection among Chinese hepatitis B patient related to hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B virus DNA and age.

BACKGROUND: The screening practices for hepatitis D virus (HDV) are diverse and non-standardized worldwide, and the exact prevalence of HDV is uncertain. AIM: To estimate HDV prevalence and investigate viral marker quantity trends in patients with hepatitis D. METHODS: We collected 5594 serum samples from patients with hepatitis B in Jilin Province, China (3293 males and 2301 females, age range of 2 to 89 years). We then conducted tests for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B Virus (HBV) DNA, anti-hepatitis D antigen (HDAg), and HDV RNA. RESULTS: We found that the prevalence of anti-HDAg and HDV RNA among hepatitis B patient were 3.6% (3.2-4.2%) and 1.2% (0.9-1.5%), respectively, 87.69% of hepatitis D patients were 51-70 years old. HDV infection screening positive rate of patients with HBV DNA levels below 2000 IU/mL (2.0%) was higher than those above 2000 IU/mL (0.2%). Among anti-HDAg positive patients, the HDV RNA positive rate was positively correlated with the HBsAg level and anti-HDAg level. There was a weak correlation between HBsAg and anti-HDAg levels among hepatitis D patients. CONCLUSION: Our study highlights the importance of considering multiple factors when assessing the severity of HDV infection, comprehensive evaluation of patients' clinical and laboratory parameters is necessary for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Promoting plant resilience against stress by engineering root microenvironment with Streptomyces inoculants.

Plant growth is directly influenced by biotic and abiotic stress factors resulting from environmental changes. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have become a crucial area of research aimed at addressing these challenges. However, a knowledge gap exists regarding how PGPR impacts the microenvironments surrounding plant roots. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the effects of two distinct PGPR strains, Streptomyces griseorubiginosus BTU6 (known for its resistance to smut disease) and S. chartreusis WZS021, on sugarcane roots. Additionally, we compare the resultant modifications in the physicochemical characteristics of the rhizospheric soil and root architecture. The results reveal that following the inoculation of S. chartreusis WZS021, there was a significant increase in the active chemicals associated with nitrogen metabolism in sugarcane roots. This enhancement led to a substantial enrichment of nitrogen-cycling microbes like Pseudomonas and Gemmatimona. This finding supports earlier research indicating that S. chartreusis WZS021 enhances sugarcane's capacity to utilize nitrogen effectively. Furthermore, after treatment with S. chartreusis, Aspergillus became the predominant strain among endophytic fungi, resulting in alterations to their community structure that conferred drought resistance. In contrast, the relative abundance of Xanthomonas in the root environment decreased following inoculation with S. griseorubiginosus. Instead, Gemmatimona became more prevalent, creating a favorable environment for plants to bolster their resistance against disease. Notably, inoculations with S. chartreusis WZS021 and S. griseorubiginosus BTU6 led to substantial changes in the chemical composition, enzymatic activity, and microbial community composition in the soil surrounding sugarcane roots. However, there were distinct differences in the specific alterations induced by each strain. These findings enhance plant resilience to stress by shedding light on PGPR-mediated modifications in root microenvironments.

Revealing the infiltration process and retention mechanisms of surface applied free DNA tracer through soil under flood irrigation.

It has been recently demonstrated that free DNA tracers have the potential in tracing water flow and contaminant transport through the vadose zone. However, whether the free DNA tracer can be used in flood irrigation area to track water flow and solute/contaminant transport is still unclear. To reveal the infiltration process and retention mechanisms of surface applied free DNA tracer through soil under flood irrigation, we tested the fate and transport behavior of surface applied free DNA tracers through packed saturated sandy soil columns with a 10 cm water head mimicking flood irrigation. From the experimental breakthrough curves and by fitting a two-site kinetic sorption model (R2 = 0.83-0.91 and NSE = 0.79-0.89), adsorption/desorption rates could be obtained and tracer retention profiles could be simulated. Together these results revealed that 1) the adsorption of free DNA was dominantly to clay particles in the soil, which took up 1.96 % by volume, but took up >97.5 % by surface area and densely cover the surface of sand particles; and 2) at a pore water pH of 8.0, excluding the 4.9 % passing through and 3.1 % degradation amount, the main retention mechanisms in the experimental soil were ligand exchange (42.0 %), Van der Waals interactions (mainly hydrogen bonds), electrostatic forces and straining (together 44.7 %), and cation bridge (5.3 %). To our knowledge, this study is the first to quantify the contribution of each of the main retention mechanisms of free synthetic DNA tracers passing through soil. Our findings could facilitate the application of free DNA tracer to trace vadose zone water flow and solute/contaminant transport under flood irrigation and other infiltration conditions.

C-N Axially Chiral Heterobiaryl Isoquinolinone Skeletons Construction via Cobalt-Catalyzed Atroposelective C-H Activation/Annulation.

Herein, the atroposelective construction of isoquinolinones bearing a C-N chiral axis has been successfully developed via a Co-catalyzed C-H bond activation and annulation process. This conversion can be effectively carried out in an environmentally friendly oxygen atmosphere to generate the target C-N axially chiral frameworks with excellent reactivities and enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee) in the absence of any additives. Additionally, the current protocol has proved to be an alternative approach for the C-N axial architectures fabrication under electrochemical conditions for cobalt/Salox catalysis, and this strategy allowed the efficient and atom-economical synthesis of various axially chiral isoquinolinones under mild reaction conditions.

Investigating the Corrosive Influence of Chloride Ions on Slag Recovery Machine Shells in Power Plants.

An effective strategy for achieving cost-effective and environmentally friendly desulfurization wastewater in coal-fired power plants involves the incorporation of desulfurization wastewater into the slag water system. The objective of this study was to analyze the corrosion behavior of Q235-A slag-picker shell material upon the introduction of FGD wastewater into the slag water system. The dynamic weight loss method, electrochemical testing method and microscopic phase characterization were employed to investigate the impact of varying chloride ion concentrations (ranging from 1000 mg/L to 30,000 mg/L) of flue gas desulfurization wastewater (FGD wastewater) on the corrosion of Q235-A slag-picker shell material. The test results indicate that as the concentration of chloride ions increases, the corrosion rate increases from 1.1487 mm/a to 1.5590 mm/a when the concentration is less than 10,000 mg/L. However, when the concentration exceeds 10,000 mg/L, the corrosion rate decreases from 1.559 mm/a to 1.0393 mm/a. The corrosion rate is above 1 mm/a at all concentrations. As the Cl- concentration, the quality of the corrosion product film initially increases and then decreases. The primary components of the corrosion product are α- FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, ß-FeOOH, Fe3O4 and γ-Fe2O3.

Cobalt-catalyzed atroposelective C-H activation/annulation to access N-N axially chiral frameworks.

The N-N atropisomer, as an important and intriguing chiral system, was widely present in natural products, pharmaceutical lead compounds, and advanced material skeletons. The anisotropic structural characteristics caused by its special axial rotation have always been one of the challenges that chemists strive to overcome. Herein, we report an efficient method for the enantioselective synthesis of N-N axially chiral frameworks via a cobalt-catalyzed atroposelective C-H activation/annulation process. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions by using Co(OAc)2·4H2O as the catalyst with a chiral salicyl-oxazoline (Salox) ligand and O2 as an oxidant, affording a variety of N-N axially chiral products with high yields and enantioselectivities. This protocol provides an efficient approach for the facile construction of N-N atropisomers and further expands the range of of N-N axially chiral derivatives. Additionally, under the conditions of electrocatalysis, the desired N-N axially chiral products were also successfully achieved with good to excellent efficiencies and enantioselectivities.

Structures and immune recognition of Env trimers from two Asia prevalent HIV-1 CRFs.

Structure-guided immunofocusing HIV-1 vaccine design entails a comprehensive understanding of Envs from diverse HIV-1 subtypes, including circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). Here, we present the cryo-EM structures of Envs from two Asia prevalent CRFs (CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC) at 3.0 and 3.5 Å. We compare the structures and glycosylation patterns of Envs from different subtypes and perform cross-clade statistical analyses to reveal the unique features of CRF01_AE V1 region, which are associated with the resistance to certain bNAbs. We also solve a 4.1 Å cryo-EM structure of CRF01_AE Env in complex with F6, the first bNAb from CRF01_AE-infected individuals. F6 recognizes a gp120-gp41 spanning epitope to allosterically destabilize the Env trimer apex and weaken inter-protomer packing, which in turn hinders the receptor binding and induces Env trimer disassembly, demonstrating a dual mechanism of neutralization. These findings broaden our understanding of CRF Envs and shed lights on immunofocusing HIV-1 vaccine design.

Cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective C-H/N-H annulation of aryl sulfonamides with allenes or alkynes: facile access to C-N axially chiral sultams.

Herein we report a cobalt-catalyzed enantioselective C-H/N-H annulation of aryl sulfonamides with allenes and alkynes, using either chemical or electrochemical oxidation. By using O2 as the oxidant, the annulation with allenes proceeds efficiently with a low catalyst/ligand loading of 5 mol% and tolerates a wide range of allenes, including 2,3-butadienoate, allenylphosphonate, and phenylallene, resulting in C-N axially chiral sultams with high enantio-, regio-, and position selectivities. The annulation with alkynes also exhibits excellent enantiocontrol (up to >99% ee) with a variety of functional aryl sulfonamides, and internal and terminal alkynes. Furthermore, electrochemical oxidative C-H/N-H annulation with alkynes is achieved in a simple undivided cell, demonstrating the versatility and robustness of the cobalt/Salox system. The gram-scale synthesis and asymmetric catalysis further highlight the practical utility of this method.