Adaptive Ground Control System of Multiple-UAV Operators in a Simulated Environment.

INTRODUCTION: In the present study, an Adaptive Ground Control System for Multiple-UAV Operator Workload Decrement (AGCS) has been developed and the effectiveness of the system has been analyzed using eye-tracking and task performance data. The AGCS contained four more functions than the conventional GCS (CGCS) functions. The functions were based on real-time operator gaze information, multiple UAV operational state, and mission state information to help safe and efficient multiple UAV operation.METHODS: A total of 30 volunteers participated in the human-in-the-loop experiment to compare the performances of the newly developed AGCS and CGCS while executing reconnaissance and strike missions by operating multiple UAVs.RESULTS: According to the results, the AGCS demonstrates a statistically significant increase in mission performance, such as the mission completion rate (M = 97.3 vs. M = 95.4; SD = 3.1 vs. SD = 4.9) and mission success rate (M = 90.4 vs. M = 88.4; SD = 5.7 vs. SD = 5.6). In addition, the subjects' pupil diameter and gaze indicator show significant differences in the direction of workload reduction (α = 0.05). The subjects expressed positive opinions about using the AGCS.DISCUSSION: The originally developed AGCS showed a promising future extension based on the experimental data. After completion of the experiment, domain experts were interviewed and the next version will reflect their opinion.Lim H-J, Choi S-H, Oh J, Kim BS, Kim S, Yang JH. Adaptive ground control system of muliple-UAV operators in a simulated environment. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2019; 90(10):841-850.

The current status of NORM/TENORM industries and establishment of regulatory framework in Korea.

During the last several years, a nationwide survey on naturally occurring radioactive material (NORM)/technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials (TENORM) industries has been conducted. Because of the rapid economic growth in Korea, the huge amount of raw materials, including NORM have been consumed in various industrial areas, and some representative TENORM industries exist in Korea. Recently, the Korean government decided to establish a regulatory framework for natural radiation, including NORM/TENORM and is making efforts to introduce relevant publically consent regulations on the basis of international safety standards.