Multiple Cerebral Aneurysms Treated by Microsurgical and Endovascular Technique.

Treatment of multiple intracranial aneurysms is challenging. Neurologic status, aneurysm morphology, location, ruptured/unruptured status, availability of equipment, and patient preference are among the factors influencing the choice of treatment modality.1 Ideally, a 1-stage procedure is recommended whenever possible.2 However, patients with multiple aneurysms located in both the anterior and posterior circulation are less likely to be treated with a single procedure.3 We present the case of a 52-year-old patient who presented with recurrent headaches and progressive onset of a right eye ptosis evolving for 2 months. Her medical history was significant: an episode of eclampsia 20 years ago and high blood pressure managed with amlodipine. On physical examination, the patient was neurologically intact except for an isolated right eye ptosis. She had a brain angioscanner that revealed 1 right A1 aneurysm, 1 left M1 aneurysm, and 1 vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm. After discussion, we proposed a 2-stage procedure including a unilateral right pterional approach for right A1 and left M1 aneurysms and an endovascular treatment for the vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm. As illustrated in Video 1, both anterior circulation aneurysms were successfully clipped and the patient was discharged on day 4 with an intact neurologic status. Thirty days later, she underwent an endovascular coiling of the vertebro-basilar junction aneurysm uneventfully. She was able to return to work 2 weeks after discharge. The patient consented to publication of her images.

Early Experience of Endoscopic Endonasal Transphenoidal Surgery for Pituitary Adenoma: Preliminary Report of 56 Cases Operated in a West African Institution.

BACKGROUND: Although endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has been popularized worldwide for pituitary adenoma surgery, in sub-Saharan Africa, neurosurgeons are still only starting their experience with it. This study was designed to assess the early results of EEA for pituitary adenoma from an under-equipped environment, namely, the Department of Neurosurgery of the Teaching Hospital of Yopougon Abidjan and Bouaké in Ivory Coast. METHODS: The data of 56 cases of EEA for pituitary adenoma surgery performed between 2016 and March 2019 at the Teaching Hospital of Yopougon-Abidjan and Bouaké were retrospectively assessed. Pre- and postoperative neuro-ophthalmologic and hormonal status were analyzed. Moreover, the quality of tumor removal, and pre- and postoperative complications were also evaluated. RESULTS: In this study, there were nonfunctional adenomas (20), prolactinoma (18), Cushing disease (9), and acromegaly (3). A reduced visual acuity and/or visual field defect was observed in 49 cases. The mean operation time was 225 ± 94.7 minutes. The tumor removals were complete in 57.14%, subtotal in 35.71%, and partial in 7.14%. These led to a visual improvement in 69.64%. Postoperative complications were cerebrospinal fluid leaks (19.64%), diabetes insipidus (12.50%), visual worsening (7.14%), meningitis (3.57%), and carotid injury (3.57%) that led to death. CONCLUSIONS: This study represents the early surgical experience using EEA for treating pituitary adenoma in an under-equipped environment. Although the postoperative complication rate was relatively high, refinements of local surgeons' technique would lead to a better patient outcome.

[Hydrocephaly resulting from thrombophlebitis of the superior sagittal sinus due to osteitis of the cranial vault caused by Aspergillus fumigatus in an immunocompetent patient]. / Hydrocéphalie sur thrombophlébite du sinus sagittal supérieur par ostéite de la voûte à Aspergillus fumigatus sur terrain immunocompétent.

This case study presents an unusual pathogenic association among several cranioencephalic lesions characterized by the association of osteitis of the cranial vault, due to Aspergillus fumigatus, with underlying thrombophlebitis complicated by intracranial hypertension resulting from hydrocephalus. The study involved a 43-year old HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) negative man with multi-recurrent infection of the frontal scalp. The patient was successfully treated with cerebrospinal fluid diversion (CFD), Ketoconazole and low molecular weight heparin. This study describes the different pathophysiological and therapeutic features of this exceptional pathogenic association.

[Tuberculosis and stroke: case report and literature review]. / Tuberculose et accident vasculaire cérébral: un cas et revue de la littérature.

UNLABELLED: Tuberculosis remains a public health problem in Côte-d'Ivoire, a sub-saharan region country, where infection with a prevalence of 2-10% increase tuberculosis incidence assesed to 290 per 100,000 habitants. Authors report a case of a ischemic stroke (IS) and unknown HIV and tuberculosis infection; discuss these infections responsibility in the occurrence of this IS and past neurological signs. The patient presented with a left hemiparesis without infectious sign nor drowsiness. Medical history noticed a weight loss and two months ago a completely regressive tetraparesia. CT cerebral scan didn't found other sign than a IS located in the right middle cerebral artery territory as describe in the literature. The cerebrospinal fluid (CS) blood cell count was high and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) was found at direct exam. Positive HIV blood serology and MT where noticed at direct spit smears without chest radiograph lesion. After MT six month treatment progresses was good with no MT in CS and spit smears. Because of financial problems HIV treatment was unitialized at this time and MT was prolonged to 12 months. Literature point out different forms sometimes associated of intracranial tuberculosis (meningitis, hydrocephalus, tuberculoma, milliary, abscess, empyema). MT at direct exam was scarce, in spite of news biological methods MT diagnosis can be difficult and need a biopsy or a test treatment. Arachnoid's enhancement is frequent but MT can be misdiagnosed by CT scan which is sometimes less efficient than IRM. CONCLUSION: This case argue that tuberculosis may be evocated as a stroke aetiology especially in presence of HIV infection even if some cardiovascular risk factors are present.