The effects of conventional treatment in addition to Pilates on biopsychosocial status in chronic neck pain: A randomized clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Although guidelines and systematic reviews recommend the use of exercise in the treatment of chronic pain and neck pain, there are no clear recommendations for conservative treatments frequently used in clinics. The effect of supporting clinical Pilates exercises with passive physiotherapy methods on biopsychosocial status is still unknown. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to investigate the effects of conventional treatment (CT) in addition to clinical Pilates on pain levels, physical condition, functional status, and psychosocial status in individuals with chronic neck pain. METHODS: Fifty women were randomly divided into 2 groups, the clinical Pilates group (Pilates, n= 25), and the group receiving CT in addition to clinical Pilates (Pilates-CT, n= 25). Both groups received treatment 3 days a week for 6 weeks. The CT program involved the implementation of hot pack (HP) application, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), and therapeutic ultrasound (US) to the cervical area. RESULTS: CT in addition to Pilates was more effective in reducing the Visual Analog Scale (at rest and during activity), Neck Disability Index, Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, NeckPix Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-depression, and Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach-Biopsychosocial questionnaire scores (p< 0.05) and in increasing the degree of change in the extension range of motion (ROM) and cervical flexor endurance values and scores in the energy parameter of Short Form-36 (p< 0.05). CONCLUSION: CT provided in addition to Pilates was more effective in reducing pain levels, disability, fear of movement, depression levels, and negative biopsychosocial status and improving extension ROM and cervical flexor endurance, neck awareness, and the energy/vitality parameter of quality of life in individuals with chronic neck pain.

The validity, reliability, and responsiveness of a new biopscyhosocial questionnaire for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, the importance of holistic care in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been emphasized, and therefore a measurement tool that evaluates biopsychosocial impact is needed. This study was conducted to determine the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach-Biopsychosocial Questionnaire (BETY-BQ) in individuals with SLE. METHODS: Lupus Quality of Life (LupusQoL), Short Form-36 (SF-36), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used for the validity. For reliability, evaluations were repeated at 1 -week intervals and for responsiveness, the same scales were re-administered at 3-month intervals to 30 patients. RESULTS: BETY-BQ showed moderate to high correlations with LupusQoL subparameters (rho = -0.522 to -0.718, p < 0.001), moderate to very high correlations with SF-36 subparameters (r = -0.826 to rho = 0.594, p < 0.001), high correlations with HAQ and HADS-D (rho = 0.735, p < 0.001; rho = 0.622, p < 0.001, respectively) and a moderate correlation with HADS-A (rho = 0.571, p < 0.001). In the test-retest method the correlation between the responses was very high (r = 0.989, p < 0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient (r = 0.944, p < 0.001) and Cronbach's alpha value were found to be excellent (0.952). BETY-BQ showed moderate correlations with LupusQoL subparameters (the body image r = -0.443, p = 0.014; planning rho = -0.529, p = 0.003; fatigue r = -0.484, p = 0.007; intimate relationships rho = -0.421, p = 0.02), SF-36 social function subparameter (rho = -0.427, p = 0.019) and anxiety and depression subparameter of HADS (rho = 0.418, p = 0.021; r = 0.507, p = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSION: BETY-BQ which was found as a valid, reliable, and responsive scale in individuals with SLE, was presented to healthcare professionals for use in clinical and research studies as a scale that can be preferred in the evaluation of biopsychosocial status of individuals with SLE.

Comparison of the effects of progressive supervised and home program exercise therapy in mild-moderate hallux valgus.

Aim: To compare the effects of progressive exercise therapy, performed under the supervision of a physiotherapist and given as a home program in individuals with hallux valgus. Methods: Participants were randomly divided into two groups. While one group performed the exercises under the supervision of a physiotherapist, the other group did the same program at home. Results: The amount of decrease in foot adduction angle, pain level while walking, and right foot navicular height of individuals receiving treatment under the supervision of a physiotherapist were significantly higher. Conclusion: The exercise program applied under the supervision of a physiotherapist was more effective in reducing the first toe adduction angle, medial longitudinal arc height, and pain, improving dynamic balance and functional capacity.

Comparison of the effects of aerobic training alone versus aerobic training combined with clinical Pilates exercises on the functional and psychosocial status of patients with ankylosing spondylitis: A randomized controlled trial.

To compare the effects of aerobic training versus aerobic training combined with clinical Pilates exercises (CPE) on the functional and psychosocial status of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Twenty-eight patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were randomized into 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 14) performed both aerobic training and CPE, whereas group 2 (n = 14) performed aerobic training alone. Functional status of the patients was assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Mobility Index (BASMI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), back scratch test (BST), single leg stance test, functional reach test, a dynamometer, chair sit and stand test, and 6-minute walk test (6MWT), and the psychosocial status of the patients was assessed using the Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire, the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue (MAF), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK). Both training programs were conducted for 8 weeks, and then, the assessments were repeated. A statistically significant improvement was observed in the BASMI (p = .001), BASDAI (p = .001), BASFI (p = .002), BST (right, p = .05; left, p = .025), functional reach test (p = .013), back muscle strength (p = .033), 6MWT (p = .011), ASQoL (p < .001), MAF (p = .01), and PSQI (p = .013) scores in group 1. A significant difference was observed in the BASDAI (p = .028), chair sit and stand test (p = .022), 6MWT (p = .04), and ASQoL (p = .04) scores in group 2. CPE in addition to aerobic training was more effective in improving the functional and psychosocial status of the patients with AS.

The effects of Pilates on pain, functionality, quality of life, flexibility and endurance in lumbar disc herniation.

Aim: To assess the effects of clinical Pilates exercises (CPE) on the level of pain, functional status, flexibility, static and dynamic endurance of the trunk muscles and quality of life (QoL) in patients with lumbar disc herniation. Materials & methods: Individuals were divided into two groups: the CPE (6 weeks, three-times a week) group (n = 27) and the control group (n = 27). The clinical outcome measures were the visual analog scale for the evaluation of the pain intensity, Oswestry disability index for functional disability, short form-36 for health related QoL, sit and reach and hand finger floor distance test for the flexibility, side-bridge and sit-ups test for the static and dynamic endurance. Results: At the end of the 6 weeks the amount of decrease in the level of pain and Oswestry disability index, amount of increase in sit-reach test and hand-finger-to-floor distance, duration of the lateral bridge and sits-ups test and most of the short form-36 sub parameters was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CPE group. Conclusion: CPE was an effective and safe method for symptomatic patients with lumbar disc herniation in reducing the pain level and functional disability and improving flexibility, static and dynamic endurance and partially their QoL. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03198273 (ClinicalTrials.gov).

The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach: Biopsychosocial Questionnaire for patients with psoriatic arthritis.

Although the importance of the biopsychosocial model that aims the optimum treatment is emphasized in the literature, there is a lack of scales that evaluate individuals with PsA in a multi-dimensional way, including all areas of influence. This study aimed to determine the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach-Biopsychosocial Questionnaire (BETY-BQ) in individuals diagnosed with Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA). Psoriatic Arthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire (PsAQoL), Health Assessment Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Short Form-36 were used for the validity of the BETY-BQ. For scale reliability, the test-retest method was performed, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was calculated, and Cronbach's alpha (α) coefficient was checked for internal consistency. For the responsiveness of the scale, all scales were re-applied with 3 months intervals. The correlations of BETY-BQ with the other scales were found medium to very high. ICC was analyzed to compare the reliability of the test-retest results and it was found to be excellent. Cronbach's α value was found to be 0.940 which showed an excellent internal consistency. The time-dependent change sensitivity of BETY-BQ was found to be highly correlated with the PsA-specific scale, the PsAQoL questionnaire. BETY-BQ was determined as a valid, reliable, and sensitive assessment tool that health professionals can use in individuals with PsA diagnosis. In this study, a scale that will reveal the biopsychosocial responses of individuals with PsA to pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments was presented to the literature.

The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach-Biopsychosocial Questionnaire for patients with fibromyalgia.

AIM: Although the importance of biopsychosocial models for chronic diseases is emphasized nowadays, the lack of assessment tools to meet this need draws attention. This study was planned to assess the validity, reliability, and responsiveness of the Cognitive Exercise Therapy Approach-Biopsychosocial Questionnaire (BETY-BQ) in patients with fibromyalgia. METHOD: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Health Assessment Questionnaire, the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, and Short-Form 36 (SF-36) were used for the validity of BETY-BQ. For the reliability study, evaluations were repeated at 1-week intervals and for the responsiveness, the same scales were applied to patients under medical treatment at 3-month intervals. RESULTS: The correlations of BETY-BQ with the other scales were found to be moderate to high (respectively r = .591, P < .001 and r = .441, P < .001; r = -.419, P < .001; r = .617, P < .001; r = .722, P < .001; r = -.580 and -.374, P = .001 and P < .001) and with SF-36 sub-parameters were found to be weak-moderate. The test-retest method was used for reliability, and the correlation between the responses was very high (r = .901, P < .001). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was found to be high (ICC = 0.899, P < .001). Cronbach's alpha (α) value was found to be .947. In the correlation analysis of time-dependent changes, BETY-BQ correlated weakly with other scales and moderately correlated with HADS (HADS-anxiety r = .489, P = .006, HADS-depression r = .500, P = .005). CONCLUSIONS: BETY-BQ was presented in the literature as a valid, reliable, and sensitive scale that can be used both in the biopsychosocial evaluation and as an easily understood, practical scale that can be answered in a short time in the practices of healthcare professionals.

The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Fullerton Advanced Balance (FAB-T) scale.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the FAB(FAB-T) scale in the older Turkish adults. METHODS: The reliability and validity of the scale was tested on 200 community-dwelling older adults. FAB-T scale was scored by different physiotherapists on different days to evaluate inter-rater and intrarater reliability. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was used for the evaluation of convergent validity, and the content validity of the FAB-T scale was investigated. RESULTS: The FAB-T scale showed very high inter- and intra-rater reliability. For inter-rater agreement, on the individual test items and total score ICC values were 0.92 (95 %CI; 0.90-0.94) and 0.96 (95% CI; 0.95-0.97) respectively. The intra-rater agreement, on the individual test items and total score ICC values were 0.93 (95 %CI; 0.91- 0.95) and 0.96 (95% CI; 0.95- 0.97) respectively. There was a good agreement between the FAB-T and BBS scales. A high correlation was found between the BBS and FAB-T scales [rho = 0.70 (%95 CI; 0.62-0.76)] indicating good convergent validity. Considering the content validity of the FAB-T scale, no floor (floor score: 0%) or ceiling (ceiling score: 6.5%) effect was detected. CONCLUSION: The FAB-T scale was successfully translated from the original English version (FAB) and demonstrated strong psychometric features. It was found that the FAB-T scale has very high inter-rater and intra-rater reliability. Considering the convergent validity, the scale has high correlation with the BBS. The FAB-T has no floor and ceiling effect.

The effect of the clinical pilates exercises on kinesiophobia and other symptoms related to osteoporosis: Randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of clinical pilates exercise on kinesiophobia, pain, functional status and quality of life of the osteoporosis patients. METHODS: This study involved 40 females with osteoporosis. The subjects were randomly separated into two groups. Group 1 received specific Clinical Pilates exercises provided by a qualified Physiotherapies ×3 per week for a period of 6 weeks. Group 2 acted as a control group, receiving no intervention and continuing their usual daily activities of life over the same period. All patients' kinesiophobia, pain and quality of life level and functional status were re-assessed at the end of 6 weeks. RESULTS: According to the measurements exercise group patients' kinesiophobia, pain decreased, functional status and quality of life statistically improved (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION: As clinical pilates training positively effects kinesiophobia, pain, functional status and quality of life, it can be recommended to osteoporosis patients, as a safe exercise model.

The effect of prophylactic knee bracing on performance: balance, proprioception, coordination, and muscular power.

PURPOSE: Prophylactic knee braces are largely used in the prevention of ligament injuries, but their effectiveness on performance are still controversial. The aim of this study was to determine which brace was the most effective on functional performance. METHOD: Twenty-four healthy subjects (14 men and 10 women), between the age of 18 and 22 with no prior history of lower limb injury and brace use, voluntarily participated in this study. Five different prophylactic knee braces were used. The test protocol consisted of dynamic balance, jumping performance, proprioception, coordination, and maximal force. Balance was assessed by the Y balance test; jumping performance was assessed by vertical jump and one-leg hop tests; maximal force, proprioception, and coordination were assessed by using functional squat testing. Proprioceptive test was performed by using the functional squat system machine that the participants were instructed to keep the crosshair on the line, even after the visual aid had disappeared. The subjects without a brace and with the brace by using 5 different braces (DonJoy-USA) were evaluated by five different therapists. RESULTS: Hinged "H" buttress for the support of the knee brace was found to be more effective than the others in terms of balance. Drytex economy hinged knee brace had the best result in terms of proprioception and maximal force. There were no significant differences in vertical jump and one-leg hop tests (n.s.). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the hinged "H" buttress for support of the knee brace and Drytex economy hinged knee brace produced the best results on the performance parameters. The other three braces demonstrated more variable and less optimal results. Prophylactic knee braces can be used for both healthy subjects and athletes to enhance proprioception, coordination, maximal force, and balance, but it is important to choose the best proper brace to the individuals according to their fitness level. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: (Economic and decision analysis-developing an economic or decision model), Level II.