Systematic neonatal screening for congenital Chagas disease in Northeast Brazil: prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in the Southern region of Sergipe.

INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, being one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the Americas with an estimated six to seven million infected people worldwide. In Brazil, the improvement in vector control and blood donor screening has evidenced the important epidemiological role of congenital transmission of Chagas disease. METHODS: A serological survey for Chagas disease was performed in 3,952 newborns in the southern region of Sergipe using paper filter disks of dried blood samples. The newborns were screened using the Sergipe State Neonatal Screening Program between July 2015 and July 2016, and 3,749 and 750 blood samples were obtained for the IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay, respectively. In addition, mothers of the children who presented initial reagent serology were examined. RESULTS: Among 3,749 blood samples, samples of two children were positive for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; however, their confirmation test results were negative, suggesting passive transfer of the mother's antibody. One puerpera was identified with Chagas disease, with a prevalence of 0.02%. CONCLUSIONS: Congenital Chagas disease was not observed in newborns in the Southern region of Sergipe. However, Chagas disease was observed in women of reproductive age. Therefore, effective measurements for monitoring and systematic evaluation should be conducted. The Neonatal Screening Program proved to be an effective public health strategy for the prevention and control of Chagas disease.

Systematic neonatal screening for congenital Chagas disease in northeast Brazil: prevalence of trypanosoma cruzi infection in the southern region of Sergipe

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, being one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the Americas with an estimated six to seven million infected people worldwide. In Brazil, the improvement in vector control and blood donor screening has evidenced the important epidemiological role of congenital transmission of Chagas disease. METHODS: A serological survey for Chagas disease was performed in 3,952 newborns in the southern region of Sergipe using paper filter disks of dried blood samples. The newborns were screened using the Sergipe State Neonatal Screening Program between July 2015 and July 2016, and 3,749 and 750 blood samples were obtained for the IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay, respectively. In addition, mothers of the children who presented initial reagent serology were examined. RESULTS: Among 3,749 blood samples, samples of two children were positive for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; however, their confirmation test results were negative, suggesting passive transfer of the mother's antibody. One puerpera was identified with Chagas disease, with a prevalence of 0.02%. CONCLUSIONS: Congenital Chagas disease was not observed in newborns in the Southern region of Sergipe. However, Chagas disease was observed in women of reproductive age. Therefore, effective measurements for monitoring and systematic evaluation should be conducted. The Neonatal Screening Program proved to be an effective public health strategy for the prevention and control of Chagas disease.

Doadores vivos no transplante hepático: panorama de publicações nacionais e internacionais / Living donors about liver transplantation: an overview of the national and the international publications / Donantes vivos acerca del trasplante hepático: un resumen de las publicaciones nacionales e internacionales

Objetivo: analisar estudos em periódicos online que abordaram doadores vivos no transplante hepático. Método: revisão integrativa, a partir da questão << Quais os temas e objetos de estudo que abordaram doadores vivos no transplante hepático? >> com coleta de dados nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS, com os descritores liver transplantation and/or living donors. Foram incluídos artigos publicados na década 2001- 2011, na íntegra em Português, Inglês ou Espanhol. Resultados: a amostra foi constituída por 15 estudos. Foram construídas cinco categorias para a análise: avaliação clínica e cirúrgica do doador; técnica cirúrgica e procedimentos; aspectos psicossociais e qualidade de vida; assistência de enfermagem ao doador e sua família; aspectos éticos. Conclusão: em sua maioria, as pesquisas foram voltadas aos aspectos biológicos, clínicos e cirúrgicos do transplante hepático intervivos, com uma abordagem quantitativa em 94,4% dos estudos e publicações na área médica, predominantemente. (AU)

Objective: analyzing studies in online journals that addressed living donors in liver transplantation. Method: an integrative review, from the question << What are the subjects and objects of study that addressed live donors in liver transplantation? >> with data collection in the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, with the descriptors liver transplantation and/or living donors. There were included articles published in the decade 2001-2011 in full, in Portuguese, English or Spanish. Results: the sample consisted of 15 studies. There were built five categories for analysis: evaluation of clinical and surgical donor; surgical technique and procedures; psychosocial aspects and quality of life; nursing care to the donor and his family; ethical aspects. Conclusion: mostly, the searches were directed to biological, clinical and surgical aspects of liver transplantation, with a quantitative approach in 94,4% of the studies and publications in the medical field, predominantly. (AU)

Objetivo: analizar estudios en periodicos en línea que enfoquen los donantes vivos en el trasplante hepático. Método: revisión integradora, desde la pregunta << ¿Cuáles son las materias y objetos de estudio que abordan a los donantes vivos en trasplante de hígado? >> con la recopilación de datos en las bases de datos MEDLINE y LILACS, con los descriptores para el trasplante de hígado y/o donantes vivos. Se incluyeron los artículos publicados en la década 2001-2011, totalmente en portugués, inglés o español. Resultados: la muestra estuvo constituida por 15 estudios. Se construyeron cinco categorías de análisis: evaluación clínica y quirúrgica del donante; técnica quirúrgica y procedimientos; aspectos psicosociales y calidad de vida; atención de enfermería para el donante y su familia; aspectos éticos. Conclusión: en la mayoría de los casos, la investigación tuvo como objetivo aspectos biológicos, clinicos y quirúrgicos del trasplante de hígado de donante, con un enfoque cuantitativo en el 94,4% de los estudios y publicaciones en el campo de la medicina, en su mayor parte.(AU)

Epidemiological aspects of schistosomiasis in workers of the movement of landless rural workers.

INTRODUCTION: Schistosomiasis is endemic in 74 countries and is considered a serious public health problem in some locations. METHODS: A transverse study was performed of 13 landless settlements in southern Sergipe from February to December 2009. The study included 822 settlers, of whom 601 underwent stool testing. RESULTS: The prevalence of schistosomiasis in landless workers was 4.3%. The population has a low education level, and basic sanitation services are not available to all residents. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of schistosomiasis was low in the population and among different settlements, possibly because of different forms of water use by the settlers.