Content analysis of the nursing diagnosis of ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot.

AIM: To analyse the content of the nursing diagnosis ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot. DESIGN: A methodological study with a quantitative approach was performed. METHODS: The analysis was performed between January and May 2021 by 34 nurses with clinical/theoretical/research experience with diabetes or nursing diagnoses. These nurses evaluated the relevance, clarity and precision of 12 diagnosis-specific etiological factors, 22 clinical indicators and their conceptual and operational definitions. FINDINGS: All 12 etiological factors analysed were considered relevant to diagnostic identification. However, five showed inconsistencies regarding the clarity or precision of the operational definitions, requiring adjustments. Regarding the 22 clinical indicators evaluated, all of them presented a Content Validity Index (CVI) that was statistically significant. However, in the indicators, the colour does not return to lowered limb after 1 min of leg elevation, and cold foot had Content Validity Index (CVI) <0.9 regarding relevance and accuracy of operational definitions. CONCLUSIONS: Twelve etiological factors and 22 clinical indicators were validated. Thus, this study revealed new and relevant aspects characterising peripheral perfusion in patients with diabetic foot that have not yet been clinically validated. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This study contributes to support the professional practice of nurses through the early identification of etiological factors and clinical indicators in persons with diabetic foot. As a proposal, we suggest the inclusion of new defining characteristics and related factors for the nursing diagnosis ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in the NANDA-I taxonomy. IMPACT: The research highlights new and relevant aspects such as etiological factors and clinical indicators to characterise peripheral perfusion in patients with diabetic foot. Based on these findings, clinical validation is recommended to confirm the relevance of the proposed elements in the population studied for greater reliability and improved diagnostic assessment for the professional practice of nurses. REPORTING METHOD: EQUATOR guidelines were adhered to using the GRRAS checklist for reporting reliability and agreement studies. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.

Compromised end-of-life syndrome in cancer patients: A clinical validation study.

PURPOSE: To identify the prevalence of the nursing diagnosis of compromised end-of-life syndrome in patients in end-of-life care. METHODS: This is a clinical validation based on a cross-sectional epidemiological clinical study conducted at the National Cancer Institute in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The defining characteristics of a syndrome diagnosis were identified, defined as a "subset of nursing diagnoses," using sensitivity and specificity measures through the application of latent class statistical methods. FINDINGS: The statistical results revealed seven nursing diagnoses characterizing the syndrome: imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements, nausea, anxiety, ineffective breathing pattern, disturbed sleep pattern, ineffective thermoregulation, and fatigue. Compromised end-of-life syndrome was present in 76% of the sample. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated the presence of compromised end-of-life syndrome in most end-of-life patients from the sample. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Recognizing the presence of the syndrome diagnosis enables nurses to have efficient and effective clinical reasoning for implementing the nursing process in palliative care. CAAE Number: 85415618.0.3001.5274.

OBJETIVO: Identificar a prevalência do diagnóstico de enfermagem Síndrome de fim de vida comprometido em pacientes em cuidados de fim de vida. MÉTODO: Trata-se de uma validação clínica baseada em um estudo clínico epidemiológico transversal, desenvolvido no Instituto Nacional do Câncer no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Foram identificadas as características definidoras de um diagnóstico de síndrome, definido como um "subconjunto de diagnósticos de enfermagem" utilizando-se medidas de sensibilidade e especificidade a partir da aplicação do método estatístico de classe latente. RESULTADOS: Os resultados estatísticos identificaram sete diagnósticos de enfermagem caracterizadores da síndrome: nutrição desequilibrada: menor que as necessidades corporais, náusea, ansiedade, padrão respiratório ineficaz, padrão de sono perturbado, termorregulação ineficaz e fadiga. O diagnóstico Síndrome de fim de vida comprometido esteve presente em 76% da amostra. CONCLUSÃO: O estudo demonstrou a presença da Síndrome de fim de vida comprometido na maioria dos pacientes em cuidados de fim de vida da amostra. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: O reconhecimento da presença do diagnóstico de síndrome permite ao enfermeiro um raciocínio clínico eficaz e eficiente para a implantação do processo de enfermagem em cuidados paliativos. Número CAAE: 85415618.0.3001.5274.

Accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot. METHOD: A diagnostic accuracy study with a cross-sectional design was carried out with patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on outpatient diabetic foot treatment. We evaluated 134 patients with diabetic foot to determine the accuracy of the defining characteristics of ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion. A latent class model with random effects was used to establish the sensitivity and specificity of the defining characteristics assessed. RESULTS: Ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion was present in 83.79% of the patients. The defining characteristics color does not return to lowered limb after 1-minute leg elevation and edema had high sensitivity (0.8370 and 0.7213) and specificity (0.9991 and 0.9995). CONCLUSION: The defining characteristics color does not return to lowered limb after 1-minute leg elevation and edema are good clinical indicators that can be used for screening and confirming ineffective peripheral tissue perfusion in patients with diabetic foot.

Deficient knowledge in patients with heart failure: A study of diagnostic accuracy and etiological relationships.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of defining characteristics and causal relationships of the etiological factors of the nursing diagnosis deficient knowledge in individuals with heart failure . DATA SOURCES: An analytical, cross-sectional study on the diagnostic accuracy of the defining characteristics and causal relationships of the etiological factors of the nursing diagnosis. The sample consisted of 140 patients with chronic HF and in outpatient follow-up. The latent class analysis method was used to test the accuracy of measurements and estimate the prevalence of the diagnosis. The calculation of subsequent probabilities and the odds ratio ( were also parameters employed. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Pernambuco. DATA SYNTHESIS: The diagnosis had an estimated prevalence of 38.57% in the sample. The inaccurate statements about the disease and/or therapy, self-care deficient performance, and inadequate behavior were the clinical indicators that best predicted the presence of the diagnosis and demonstrated the same sensitivity value (1.0000), specificity (1.0000), and 95% confidence interval (0.9999-1.0000) for all. The populations at risk was elderly (OR = 2.12, confidence interval 95% = 1.05-4.27), and illiterate individuals (OR = 2.07, confidence interval 95% = 1.03-4.16) had an approximately twofold great chance of developing havening deficient knowledge. CONCLUSION: The evaluation of the accuracy of clinical indicators, corresponding to the defining characteristics in the study, contributed to screening and diagnostic establishment capacity in clinical practice, and to the translation of theoretical and practical knowledge. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Accurate clinical indicators of the nursing diagnosis deficient knowledge facilitate the clinical reasoning of nurses and favor the professional's role in the development of health education strategies focused on the acquisition of knowledge about the disease by patients, family members, and caregivers.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a acurácia das características definidoras e relações causais dos fatores etiológicos do diagnóstico de enfermagem Conhecimento deficiente em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca. FONTE DE DADOS: Estudo analítico, transversal, sobre a acurácia diagnóstica das características definidoras e relações causais dos fatores etiológicos do diagnóstico de enfermagem. A amostra foi composta por 140 pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica e em acompanhamento ambulatorial. O método de análise de classes latentes foi utilizado para testar as medidas de acurácia e estimar a prevalência do diagnóstico. O cálculo de probabilidades posteriores e a Odds Ratio também foram parâmetros empregados. O estudo teve aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. SÍNTESE DE DADOS: O diagnóstico apresentou prevalência estimada de 38,57% na população. As Declarações imprecisas sobre a doença e/ou terapêutica, Déficit no desempenho do autocuidado e Comportamento inadequado foram os indicadores clínicos que melhor predisseram a presença do diagnóstico e demonstraram o mesmo valor de sensibilidade (1.0000), especificidade (1.0000) e intervalo de confiança 95% (0.9999­1.0000) para todos. As populações em risco Idoso (Odds Ratio = 2.12, intervalo de confiança 95% = 1.05­4.27) e Indivíduos analfabetos (Odds Ratio = 2.07, intervalo de confiança 95% = 1.03­4.16) apresentaram, aproximadamente, duas vezes a chance de desenvolver o conhecimento deficiente. CONCLUSÃO: A avaliação da acurácia dos indicadores clínicos, correspondentes as características definidoras no estudo, contribuiu para a capacidade de triagem e estabelecimento de diagnósticos na prática clínica e para a tradução de conhecimentos teóricos e práticos. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: Indicadores clínicos acurados do diagnóstico de enfermagem Conhecimento deficiente facilitam o raciocínio clínico do enfermeiro e favorecem a atuação do profissional na elaboração de estratégias de educação em saúde focadas na aquisição do conhecimento sobre a doença por parte de pacientes, familiares e cuidadores.

Etiological factors of chronic pain syndrome in young adults with post-coronavirus disease 2019 condition.

PURPOSE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) generates long-term sequelae, but studies investigating patients with chronic pain syndrome (CPS) are limited. This study aimed to establish the etiological factors of CPS in patients with post-COVID-19 conditions. METHODS: This was a case-control retrospective study. The predictor variables were sex, diabetes mellitus, obesity (predisposing factors), unfavorable socioeconomic conditions, impaired rehabilitation (disabling factors), repeated exposure to COVID-19 (precipitating factor), home isolation, stress overload, fear of dying, admission to intensive care unit, prone positioning, and use of medications (reinforcing factors). The outcome variable was the presence of CPS. FINDINGS: This study included 120 individuals. Prolonged days of isolation (p = 0.005), fear (p < 0.001), stress overload (p < 0.001), and impaired rehabilitation (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with CPS. CONCLUSIONS: A significant relationship was found between prolonged days of isolation, fear, stress overload, impaired rehabilitation, and CPS. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The study findings can assist nurses by promoting their knowledge of the causes of CPS and supporting the care planning needs of patients with post-COVID-19 conditions, in addition to promoting the use of the NANDA-International taxonomy.

Specific causal validation of nursing diagnosis Risk for thrombosis: A case-control study.

PURPOSE: This study aims to perform specific causal validation of nursing diagnosis Risk for thrombosis (00291) of the NANDA International (NANDA-I) classification. METHODS: This is a case-control study conducted in a university hospital from January to October 2020. A total of 516 adult patients were included-344 in the Case Group (with venous or arterial thrombosis evidenced by imaging) and 172 in the Control Group (without thrombosis). Statistical analysis was performed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression test, and odds ratios were calculated to measure the effect of exposure between groups. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. FINDINGS: The patients were predominantly female and aged 59 ± 16 years. In the univariate logistic analysis, five risk factors were significantly associated with thrombosis, two at-risk populations and 12 associated conditions. In the multivariate regression model, the following risk factors remained independently associated (p < 0.05): inadequate knowledge of modifiable factors (OR: 3.03; 95% CI: 1.25-8.56) and ineffective medication self-management (OR: 3.2; 95% CI:1.77-6.26); at-risk populations with history (OR: 2.16; 95% CI: 1.29-3.66) and family history of thrombosis (OR:2.60; 95% CI: 1.03-7.49); and the conditions associated with vascular diseases (OR:6.12; 95% CI:1.69-39.42), blood coagulation disorders (OR: 5.14; 95% CI:1.85-18.37), atherosclerosis (OR:2.07; 95% CI: 1.32-3.27), critical illness (OR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.42-3.70), and immobility (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.10-4.12). CONCLUSIONS: The clinical validation allowed to establish strong evidence for the refinement of the diagnosis Risk for thrombosis and, consequently, to raise its level of evidence in the classification of NANDA-I. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The evidence pointed out by this study favors the establishment of thrombosis diagnosis in an accurate way by nurses in clinical practice, directing preventive interventions to patients in this risk condition.

OBJETIVO: Realizar a validação causal específica do diagnóstico de enfermagem Risco de trombose (00291) da classificação diagnóstica da NANDA International, Inc. MÉTODOS: Estudo de caso-controle, realizado em hospital universitário entre janeiro e outubro de 2020. Foram incluídos 516 pacientes adultos - 344 no Grupo Caso (com trombose venosa ou arterial evidenciada em exame de imagem) e 172 no Grupo Controle (sem trombose). A análise estatística ocorreu por teste de regressão logística univariada e multivariada, e Odds ratios calculados para medir o efeito da exposição entre os grupos. O estudo foi aprovado em Comitê de Ética. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes foram predominantemente do sexo feminino e idade de 59±16 anos. Na análise logística univariada foi associado significativamente á trombose: cinco fatores de risco, duas populações em risco e 12 condições associadas. No modelo de regressão multivariada permaneceram independentemente associados (P<0,05) os fatores de risco conhecimento inadequado sobre os fatores modificáveis (OR:3,03; IC95%:1,25-8,56) e autogestão ineficaz de medicamentos (OR:3,24; IC95%:1,77-6,26); as populações em risco com história prévia (OR:2,16; IC95%:1,29-3,66) e história familiar de trombose (OR:2,60; IC95%:1,03-7,49); e as condições associadas a doenças vasculares (OR:6,12; IC95%:1,69-39,42), distúrbios de coagulaçõo (OR:5,14; IC95%:1,85-18,37),aterosclerose (OR:2,07; IC95%:1,32-3,27), doença crítica (OR:2,28; IC95%:1,42-3,70) e imobilidade (OR:2,09; IC95%:1,10-4,12). CONCLUSÕES: A validação clínica permitiu estabelecer fortes evidências para o refinamento do diagnóstico Risco de trombose e, consequentemente, elevar seu nível de evidência na classificação da NANDA-I. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA: As evidências apontadas pelo estudo favorecem o estabelecimento deste diagnóstico de forma acurada pelos enfermeiros na prática clínica, direcionando intervenções preventivas aos pacientes nesta condiçõo de risco.

Structural validity of nursing diagnosis insomnia in older adults of a community center.

PURPOSE: Insomnia is an important sleep disorder in older persons. Conceptual analysis studies on this nursing diagnosis have been developed, but the diagnostic accuracy has not been verified. This study aimed to verify the diagnostic accuracy of the nursing diagnosis of Insomnia (00095) in older adults in a community center in Brazil. METHODS: A validation study for diagnostic accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis Insomnia. Data were collected through telephone interviews with 90 participants. Latent class analysis was used to verify the sensitivity and specificity of the defining characteristics. Poisson regression was used to assess the prevalence of the association of factors related to the nursing diagnosis of insomnia. FINDINGS: A 47.42% prevalence of insomnia in the sample was identified. Defining characteristics such as expresses dissatisfaction with sleep and nonrestorative sleep-wake cycle showed the best accuracy values for insomnia, with a specificity of 0.92 (0.78-1.00) and 0.89 (0.74-1.00), respectively. Related factors such as stressors and frequent naps during the day were more likely to develop insomnia in individuals. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates diagnostic accuracy of nursing diagnosis of insomnia in community-dwelling older people from a community center. The findings highlighted the importance of the defining characteristics of nursing diagnosis insomnia and its main related factors contributing to accurate diagnostic identification. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This study can contribute to providing objective clinical indicators of insomnia in the older population to guide nurses in early diagnostic confirmation for the selection of health interventions. In addition, it can be a consistent contribution to theoretical and conceptual reviews of this diagnosis.

OBJETIVO: A insônia é um importante distúrbio do sono em pessoas idosas. Foram desenvolvidos estudos de análise conceitual sobre esse diagnóstico de enfermagem, mas a precisão diagnóstica não foi verificada. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a acurácia diagnóstica do diagnóstico de enfermagem Insônia (00095) em idosos frequentadores de um centro de convivência no Brasil. MÉTODOS: Um estudo de validação de acurácia diagnóstica das características definidoras do diagnóstico de enfermagem Insônia. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas telefônicas com 90 participantes. Foi utilizada a Análise de Classe Latente para verificar a sensibilidade e especificidade das características definidoras. A regressão de Poisson foi usada para avaliar a prevalência da associação dos fatores relacionados ao diagnóstico de enfermagem insônia. RESULTADOS: Foi identificada uma prevalência de 47,42% de insônia na amostra. Características definidoras, como expressa insatisfação com o sono e ciclo sono-vigília não restaurador, apresentaram os melhores valores de precisão para a insônia, com especificidade de 0,92 (0,78-1,00) e 0,89 (0,74-1,00), respectivamente. Fatores relacionados, como estressores e cochilos frequentes durante o dia, aumentaram a probabilidade de desenvolver insônia em idosos do centro de convivência. CONCLUSÕES: Este estudo indica a precisão diagnóstica do diagnóstico de enfermagem de insônia em idosos que vivem em comunidade, frequentadores de um centro comunitário. Os resultados destacaram a importância das características definidoras do diagnóstico de enfermagem de insônia e seus principais fatores relacionados que contribuem para a identificação precisa do diagnóstico. IMPLICAÇÕES PARA A PRÁTICA DE ENFERMAGEM: Este estudo pode contribuir fornecendo indicadores clínicos objetivos da insônia na população idosa para orientar os enfermeiros na confirmação precoce do diagnóstico para a seleção de intervenções de saúde. Além disso, pode ser uma contribuição consistente para revisões teóricas e conceituais desse diagnóstico. DESCRITORES: Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono; Idoso; Estudo de Validação; Diagnóstico de Enfermagem; Transtornos Cronobiológicos.

Fatigue in patients with heart failure: A study of diagnostic accuracy fatigue in patients with heart failure.

PURPOSE: To analyze the accuracy of defining characteristics of the NANDA International nursing diagnosis, fatigue (00093), in patients with heart failure. METHODS: A cross-sectional study on the diagnostic accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis. The sample consisted of 96 patients with heart failure in treatment in a public hospital. The latent class analysis method was used to test the accuracy measurements and estimate the prevalence of the diagnosis. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. RESULTS: The prevalence of the fatigue nursing diagnosis was 42.54%. Increased physical symptoms (0.9988) and tiredness (0.9988) were the sensitive defining characteristics. Disinterested in surroundings (0.9999) was the specific defining characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: A set of three defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis of fatigue was accurate in patients with heart failure. Thus, this set can be used by nurses to confirm nursing diagnosis fatigue in patients with heart failure. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This research contributes by providing accurate defining characteristics of fatigue in patients with heart failure. Thus, nurses should recognize the nursing diagnosis of fatigue in patients with heart failure through accurate defining characteristics and propose rapid and effective nursing interventions that have positive health results.

Content validity of the nursing diagnosis low self-efficacy in health.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to verify the validity of the content of the proposal for the nursing diagnosis of low self-efficacy in health. METHODS: Content validation study using the approach proposed by Lopes, a panel of 47 experts on the phenomenon of interest analyzed the content of the diagnosis using a Likert-type scale to evaluate the relevance of 16 clinical indicators and 18 etiological factors of the nursing diagnosis under investigation. These components were previously identified and defined through a middle-range theory. Based on the predictive diversity model, the experts' verifications were weighted according to their level of expertise. The pseudomedian and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. A content validity index above 0.9 was considered valid, and the Wilcoxon test was used to validate each pseudomedian with a p-value above 0.05. FINDINGS: Thirteen clinical indicators were considered relevant, demonstrating the importance of these elements for the clinical identification of low self-efficacy in health. Three clinical indicators were excluded because they were not representative for this diagnosis. The eighteen etiological factors analyzed were considered relevant. CONCLUSION: The findings of the present study may help nurses to identify low self-efficacy in health early and direct effective interventions to increase people's confidence in their abilities to promote their health. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: A new diagnostic framework is presented with peer-reviewed content, representing a phenomenon frequently reported by clinicians. This new diagnosis can guide nursing care and produce better health outcomes that depend on patients' confidence in their ability to take care of their own health.

Simultaneous concept analysis of nursing diagnoses related to respiratory function.

AIM: To perform a simultaneous concept analysis of the concepts associated to nursing diagnoses ineffective airway clearance, ineffective breathing pattern, and impaired gas exchange. BACKGROUND: Concepts about respiratory manifestations need to be well defined, especially in the current pandemic scenario. For that, the simultaneous concept analysis can help in the clarity and differentiation of similar concepts. METHODS: A concept analysis using the Walker and Avant approach and an integrative review. Data were collected by a group of nurses through a literature review. The group identified 10 articles that met the inclusion criteria and complemented the understanding of the concepts analysed through the sequential description of respiratory physiology in technical books. RESULTS: The final list included 28, 22, and 21 clinical indicators for ineffective breathing pattern, impaired gas exchange, and ineffective airway clearance, respectively. The former, the final proposal incorporated 13 indicators that were pointed out by the group and 15 defining characteristics of NANDA-International. For Impaired gas exchange, the indicator "decreased oxygen saturation" was included; among the defining characteristics of NANDA-International, "abnormal arterial blood gases" was excluded, and "abnormal breathing pattern" was subdivided into "alterations in respiratory depth," "bradypnea," "tachypnea," and "change in respiratory rhythm." The latter, only the "wide-eyed" was removed from the final list of clinical indicators, which subsequently consisted of nine indicators suggested by the group and 12 defining characteristics. CONCLUSION: This concept analysis may aid in the process of differentiation for ineffective airway clearance, ineffective breathing pattern, and impaired gas exchange, and aid in safer diagnostic inference. This concept analysis can support the understanding of respiratory nursing diagnoses, helping nurses to identify and differentiate them more safely.

Etiological factors related to the nursing diagnosis "post-trauma syndrome" in women victims of violence: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Identify etiological factors related to the determination of the nursing diagnosis post-trauma syndrome in women victims of violence DATA SOURCE: : Five databases were searched: SciVerse Scopus, PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, CINAHL with Full Text, and PsycINFO DATA SYNTHESIS: : A total of nine etiological factors related to post-trauma syndrome were identified: physical assault, sexual assault, psychological violence, childhood trauma, low education level, low socioeconomic status, lack of employment, age under 40 years, and depression severity. Such factors were associated with the nursing diagnosis of post-trauma syndrome, according to the synthesis CONCLUSION: : We believe that identifying the nursing diagnosis post-trauma syndrome in its current form shown in the NANDA-I taxonomy is limited as the determination of nursing interventions is based on the etiological factors identified during the diagnostic reasoning step IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: : This study brings the need to implement knowledge about nursing diagnoses related to violence against women, highlighting the lack of literature that can exemplify the practice of nurses with regard to care relevant to the public in question.

Constipation in Chemotherapy Patients: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the accuracy of clinical indicators of constipation in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. METHODS: A diagnostic accuracy study was conducted from February to September 2018, with 240 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. The data collection instrument was a form with sociodemographic and clinical variables, and clinical indicators of constipation. The sensitivity and specificity of the clinical indicators of interest were calculated using a latent class analysis approach. RESULT: The prevalence of constipation in the sample was 86.6%. The most sensitive clinical indicators were straining with defecation (100.0%), and hypoactive bowel sounds (75.0%), while headache (99.9%), abdominal pain (75.0%), pain with defecation (75.0%), straining with defecation (99.9%) and liquid stool (78.1%) were indicators with high specificity. CONCLUSION: A set of six clinical indicators was significantly associated with the occurrence of constipation in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, especially straining with defecation. These indicators can be used by nurses to identify constipation and propose prompt and effective interventions.

Prognostic Indicators of Delayed Surgical Recovery in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the prognostic capacity of the clinical indicators of a delayed surgical recovery nursing diagnosis throughout the hospital stay of patients having cardiac surgery. DESIGN: A prospective cohort design was adopted. A sample of inpatients undergoing elective cardiac surgery was followed during the immediate preoperative period and hospitalization. This research was conducted in the southeast region of Brazil at a national reference institution that treats highly complex diseases and performs cardiac surgeries. Data were collected from July 2017 to July 2018. METHODS: At the end of 1 year of data collection, 181 patients were followed in this study. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the survival time related to delayed surgical recovery. In addition, an extended Cox model of time-dependent covariates was adjusted to identify the clinical signs that influenced the change in the nursing diagnosis status. RESULTS: A delayed surgical recovery nursing diagnosis was present in 23.2% of the sample studied. With an expected length of stay of 8 to 10 days, most new cases of delayed surgical recovery were observed on the 10th postoperative day, and the survival rate after this day was decreased until the 29th postoperative day, when the nursing diagnosis no longer appeared. Interrupted healing of the surgical area, loss of appetite, and atrial flutter were indicators related to an increased risk for delayed surgical recovery. CONCLUSIONS: Timely recognition of selected clinical indicators demonstrates a promising prognostic capacity for delayed surgical recovery. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Accurate identification of prognostic factors allows nurses to identify early signs of postoperative complications. Consequently, the professional can develop an individualized plan of care, aiming at the satisfactory clinical recovery of the patient.

A Middle-Range Theory for Nurses to Diagnose Ineffective Infant Feeding Patterns.

PURPOSE: To construct a middle-range theory, based on the Roy adaptation model, for nurses can diagnose an ineffective infant feeding pattern. DATA SOURCE: Scientific findings were used through a literature review and the concepts of the Roy model. DATA SYNTHESIS: The theory indicated new elements for the diagnosis: 12 etiological factors and 13 clinical indicators. Most of those are not contained in the NANDA taxonomy. CONCLUSION: The middle-range theory for these diagnoses highlights the need for a review of the components present in the taxonomy. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This approach guides research on nursing diagnoses to revise the content of the theory and to expand its concepts and elements for the diagnosis of an ineffective infant feeding pattern.

Nutritional Deficits In Children With Cancer: A Situation-Specific Theory.

PURPOSE: To construct a situation-specific theory (SST) to represent nutritional deficits for assessing children with cancer. DATA SOURCES: Literature review. DATA SYNTHESIS: The SST included the definition of key concepts, a pictorial scheme, propositions, causal relationships, and evidence for nursing practice. CONCLUSIONS: It was possible to characterize the elements as antecedent and consequent clinical factors to allow for an understanding of the existing relationships between them and their temporality. These elements differed considerably from those included in NANDA International. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This study provides additional information so that nurses in clinical practice can infer the presence of nutritional deficits in children with cancer early, given the risk already inherent in the diagnosis of cancer and treatment.

Precisión de las características definitorias del diagnóstico de enfermería termorregulación ineficaz en recién nacidos / Accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis: Ineffective thermoregulation in newborns

OBJETIVO: Identificar las medidas de precisión de las características definitorias del diagnóstico de enfermería termorregulación ineficaz en los recién nacidos. MÉTODO: Estudio de precisión diagnóstica de diseño transversal realizado en unidades de maternidad de medio y alto riesgo, localizada en la ciudad de Fortaleza-CE. Se evaluaron 216 recién nacidos para la identificación de las características definitorias del diagnóstico en estudio. Las medidas de precisión de las características definitorias se obtuvieron a partir de un modelo de 2 clases latentes con efectos aleatorios para el cálculo de los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad. RESULTADOS: Las características de frecuencia respiratoria aumentada y piel caliente al tacto presentaron valores de sensibilidad más altos (99,9%) y de especificidades menores (79 y 75%) y las características fluctuaciones de la temperatura corporal por encima y por debajo de los parámetros normales e hipertensión fueron las de mayor especificidad (80,4%) y sensibilidad (100%), respectivamente. CONCLUSIÓN: La característica fluctuación de la temperatura corporal por encima y por debajo de los parámetros normales puede ser más adecuadas para confirmar la presencia del diagnóstico, por haber presentado un mayor valor de especificidad

OBJECTIVE: To identify the measures of accuracy for defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis: Ineffective thermoregulation in newborns. METHOD: Diagnostic accuracy study with cross-sectional design performed in medium and high-risk maternity units, located in Fortaleza city/Brazil. A total of 216 newborns were evaluated to identify the defining characteristics of the diagnosis under study. The measures of accuracy for defining characteristics were obtained from a latent class model with random effects for the calculation of sensitivity and specificity values. RESULTS: The characteristics of increased respiratory rate and warm skin to the touch had higher sensitivity values (99.9%) and lower specificity (79 and 75%) and the characteristics of body temperature fluctuations above and below the normal parameters and hypertension had the highest specificity (80.4 and 100%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The characteristic fluctuation of the body temperature above and below the normal parameters may be better to confirm the diagnosis, having presented a higher specificity value

Clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis risk for suicide in the older adults.

OBJECTIVE: To clinically validate risk factors for the nursing diagnosis risk for suicide in older adults. METHODS: Case-control study (105 older adults). The strength of the association between variables was assessed using odds ratio (OR). Risk factors were grouped into hierarchical blocks according to the Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behaviour. RESULTS: Anxiety; guilt; divorce; hostility; inability to express feelings; loss of important relationship; financial problems; apathy; low self-esteem; hopelessness; dependence and functional incapacity; unhappiness; failure; frustration; marked change in attitude and behavior; sadness; self-neglect; stockpiling medication; depression; ideation and suicidal plans; and mental disorders were associated with risk for suicide. CONCLUSIONS: It is expected that this study will contribute to clinical nursing practice by the identification of this diagnosis in a safer and more precise manner. Descriptors: clinical judgment, nursing diagnosis, psychiatric nursing, suicide, older adult.

Hierarchical analysis of factors associated with hospital readmissions for coronary heart disease: A case-control study.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To analyse, hierarchically, factors associated with hospital readmissions for acute coronary syndrome. BACKGROUND: Hospital readmissions have risen, especially in patients with multiple comorbidities, which are most often chronic. The leading causes of hospital readmission include acute coronary syndrome, which is costly and often preventable. Determining clinical and nonclinical variables that increase the chances of readmission is important to assess and evaluate patients hospitalised for coronary heart diseases. DESIGN: A case-control study whose dependent variable was hospital readmission for acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: The study included 277 inpatients, of whom 132 were in their first hospitalisation and 145 had already been hospitalised for acute coronary syndrome. The independent variables for this hierarchical model were sociodemographic conditions, life habits, access to health services and physical health measures. Data were obtained by interviews, anthropometric measurements and patient records. Logistic regression analysis was performed using the stepwise technique, with Microsoft Excel and R version 3.2.3. The research was reported via strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE). RESULTS: In the final hierarchical logistic model, the following risk factors were associated with readmission for acute coronary syndrome: inadequate drug therapy adherence, stress, history of smoking for 30 years or more, and the lack of use of primary healthcare services. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical and nonclinical variables are related to hospital readmission for acute coronary syndrome and can increase the chance of readmission by up to six times. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The predictive model can be used to avoid readmission for acute coronary syndrome, and it represents an advance in the prediction of the occurrence of the outcome. This implies the need for a reorientation of the network for postdischarge care in the first hospitalisation for acute coronary syndrome.

Accuracy of the defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis: Ineffective thermoregulation in newborns. / Precisión de las características definitorias del diagnóstico de enfermería termorregulación ineficaz en recién nacidos.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the measures of accuracy for defining characteristics of the nursing diagnosis: Ineffective thermoregulation in newborns. METHOD: Diagnostic accuracy study with cross-sectional design performed in medium and high-risk maternity units, located in Fortaleza city/Brazil. A total of 216 newborns were evaluated to identify the defining characteristics of the diagnosis under study. The measures of accuracy for defining characteristics were obtained from a latent class model with random effects for the calculation of sensitivity and specificity values. RESULTS: The characteristics of increased respiratory rate and warm skin to the touch had higher sensitivity values (99.9%) and lower specificity (79 and 75%) and the characteristics of body temperature fluctuations above and below the normal parameters and hypertension had the highest specificity (80.4 and 100%, respectively). CONCLUSION: The characteristic fluctuation of the body temperature above and below the normal parameters may be better to confirm the diagnosis, having presented a higher specificity value.

Nursing Diagnosis Risk for Delayed Surgical Recovery (00246) in Adult and Elderly: A Case-Control Study.

PURPOSE: The study's objective was the clinical validation of the nursing diagnosis Risk for delayed surgical recovery (00246). METHOD: Case control study was conducted in a university hospital; the charts of 239 patient, 71 cases and 168 controls. Odds ratio was calculated for the association between each risk factor and the outcome of delayed surgical recovery. RESULTS: Risk factors with higher odds of association were malnutrition, pain, and postoperative emotional response. The associated conditions were perioperative surgical site infection, psychological disorder in the postoperative period, and surgical site contamination. CONCLUSION: Risk factors have different impact on the postoperative recovery. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Knowing the magnitude of the risk factors allows a decision making best interventions for a fast surgical recovery.