Quality of life and spirituality of patients with chronic kidney disease: pre- and post-transplant analysis.

OBJECTIVE: to compare the quality of life (QoL) of patients under dialysis and after kidney transplant; correlate the QoL of transplant patients to sociodemographic, morbid and spirituality/religiosity variables. METHOD: prospective study with a quantitative approach, with a sample of 27 patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis or dialysis undergoing kidney transplant. QoL and spirituality were assessed by the KDQOL-SF and WHOQOL-SRPB tools, being correlated with sociodemographic and economic variables. RESULTS: the dimensions of total mental component, kidney disease effects and kidney disease burden showed significant improvement in the post-transplant period, with p <0.0004. There was a significant correlation between four dimensions of spirituality and seven dimensions of QoL; p ranged from 0.04 to 0.006. CONCLUSION: there was a significant improvement in QoL in the post-transplant period. The dimensions of spirituality: wholeness and integration, spiritual connection, wonder and inner peace were positively correlated with seven dimensions of QoL.

Quality of life and spirituality of patients with chronic kidney disease: pre- and post-transplant analysis / Calidad de vida y espiritualidad de los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica: análisis pre y posterior al trasplant / Qualidade de vida e espiritualidade de pacientes com doença renal crônica: análise pré e pós-transplante

ABSTRACT Objective: to compare the quality of life (QoL) of patients under dialysis and after kidney transplant; correlate the QoL of transplant patients to sociodemographic, morbid and spirituality/religiosity variables. Method: prospective study with a quantitative approach, with a sample of 27 patients who underwent peritoneal dialysis or dialysis undergoing kidney transplant. QoL and spirituality were assessed by the KDQOL-SF and WHOQOL-SRPB tools, being correlated with sociodemographic and economic variables. Results: the dimensions of total mental component, kidney disease effects and kidney disease burden showed significant improvement in the post-transplant period, with p <0.0004. There was a significant correlation between four dimensions of spirituality and seven dimensions of QoL; p ranged from 0.04 to 0.006. Conclusion: there was a significant improvement in QoL in the post-transplant period. The dimensions of spirituality: wholeness and integration, spiritual connection, wonder and inner peace were positively correlated with seven dimensions of QoL.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comparar la calidad de vida (CV) de pacientes renales en diálisis y después de um trasplante de riñón; correlacionan la CV de los pacientes trasplantados con las variables sociodemográficas, mórbidas y de espiritualidad/religiosidad. Método: estudio prospectivo con enfoque cuantitativo, con una muestra de 27 pacientes sometidos a diálisis peritoneal o hemodiálises sometidos a trasplante renal. La CV y la espiritualidad fueron evaluadas por los instrumentos KDQOL-SF y WHOQOL-SRPB; ellos se correlacionaron con variables sociodemográficas y económicas. Resultados: las dimensiones totales del componente mental, los efectos de la enfermedad renal y la sobrecarga impuesta por la enfermedad renal mostraron una mejora significativa en el período posterior al trasplante, con p <0,0004. Hubo una correlación significativa entre cuatro dimensiones de espiritualidad y siete dimensiones de la CV; p varió de 0.04 a 0.006. Conclusión: hubo una mejora significativa en la CV en el período posterior al trasplante. Las dimensiones de la espiritualidad: integridad e integración, conexión espiritual, maravilla y paz interior se correlacionaron positivamente con siete dimensiones de la CV.

RESUMO Objetivo: comparar a qualidade de vida (QV) de pacientes renais em diálise e após transplante renal; correlacionar a QV dos pacientes transplantados às variáveis sociodemográficas, mórbidas e de espiritualidade/religiosidade. Método: estudo prospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com amostra de 27 pacientes que realizavam diálise peritoneal ou hemodiálise, submetidos ao transplante renal. A QV e a espiritualidade foram avaliadas pelos instrumentos KDQOL-SF e WHOQOL-SRPB; foram correlacionadas às variáveis sociodemográficas e econômicas. Resultados: as dimensões componente mental total, efeitos da doença renal e sobrecarga imposta pela doença renal apresentaram melhora significativa no período pós-transplante, com p<0,0004. Houve correlação significante entre quatro dimensões da espiritualidade e sete dimensões da QV; p variou de 0,04 a 0,006. Conclusão: houve melhora significativa da QV no período pós-transplante. As dimensões da espiritualidade: totalidade e integração, conexão espiritual, admiração e paz interior apresentaram correlação positiva com sete dimensões da QV.

Calidad de la medida de la presión arterial en la asistencia habitual / Quality of blood pressure measurement in routine care

Fundamento y objetivos: la medida de la presión arterial es uno de los procedimientos más utilizados en la asistencia, lo que se relaciona con la elevada prevalencia de la hipertensión arterial. Una medición inexacta genera un problema importante, pues pocos mmHg de error sistemático aumentan o disminuyen artificialmente más de un 50% su diagnóstico y más de un 40% su grado de control. Asimismo, la medición correcta habitualmente muestra más hipertensos con presión arterial dentro del rango objetivo. El presente estudio se realizó para evaluar la calidad de la medida en la práctica habitual. Método: estudio observacional transversal en instituciones asistenciales mientras el personal realizaba el cuidado habitual. Lo observado se contrastó con los requisitos para una buena medida analizando 36 variables agrupadas en tres dimensiones: estructura (ambiente, equipamiento), proceso (interrogatorio, paciente, observador) y resultado. Se consideró correcta cada dimensión cuando tenía ³75% de variables apropiadas en cada medida. Resultados: en las 302 medidas analizadas hubo porcentaje correcto de 100% en estructura, 5% en proceso y 47% en resultado. El hecho de redondear a 0 (llevar a la decena entera más próxima el valor de la medida en mmHg) y el interrogatorio insuficiente fueron los errores más frecuentes, seguidos de colocar el estetoscopio debajo del brazalete y la realización de una única medida cuando el valor inicial fue ³140/90 mmHg. Conclusiones: se detectaron frecuentes fallas en la medida de la presión arterial en la práctica habitual relacionadas a mala técnica de medición, lo que tiene gran trascendencia en el manejo crónico de la HA, ya que la precisión de la medida es esencial, pues tanto su diagnóstico como su tratamiento requieren disponer de cifras apropiadas.

Background and objective: the measurement of blood pressure is one of the most used procedures in clinical practice, what is related to the high prevalence of arterial hypertension. An inaccurate measurement generates a significant problem, because few mmHg of systematic error artificially increase or decrease 50% its diagnosis and 40% its degree of control. Also, correct measurement usually shows more hypertensives with blood pressure within the target range. The present study was carried out to evaluate the quality of the blood pressure measure in the usual practice. Method: observational cross-sectional study in health institutions while the staff performed the usual care. The observations were contrasted with the requirements for a correct measure, by analyzing 36 variables grouped in three dimensions: structure (environment, equipment), process (interview, patient, observer) and result. The dimension was considered correct when it had ³75% of appropriate variables in each measure. Results: in the 302 measures analyzed there was a correct percentage of 100% in structure, 5% in process and 47% in result. Rounding to zero and insufficient patient interview were the most frequent errors, followed by placing the stethoscope under the cuff and performing a single measurement when the initial value was ³140/90 mmHg. Conclusions: failures were detected in the measurement of blood pressure in the usual practice related to poor measurement technique. In chronic treatment of arterial hypertension, the accuracy of the measurement is essential since both its diagnosis and its management require adequate blood pressure values.

Nutritional and physiological responses of young growing rats to diets containing raw cowpea seed meal, protein isolate (globulins), or starch.

The nutritional and physiological effects of raw cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.) seed meal, protein isolate (globulins), or starch on the metabolism of young growing rats have been evaluated in 14-day trials. Wet and dry weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, and lipid and protein accretion were significantly reduced as a result of inclusion of seed meal, globulins, or starch in the diet, with growth retardation being most marked with the seed meal. The proportional weights of the small intestine and pancreas were increased by meal diets, and serum cholesterol levels were slightly reduced. The globulins and raw starch also increased relative small intestine weights but had no effect on the pancreas or serum constituents. The effects of cowpeas on rats appeared to be due primarily to the combined actions of globulins, resistant starches, protease inhibitors, and possibly fiber and non-starch polysaccharides on intestinal and systemic metabolism.