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1.
J Endocr Soc ; 5(10): bvab124, 2021 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34396023

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to examine the effects of the vitamin D (Vit-D) treatment and nontreatment on Vit-D-deficient patients without a prior history of myocardial infarction (MI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational, nested case-control study of patients (N = 20 025) with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D ([25-OH]D) levels (<20 ng/mL) who received care at the Veterans Health Administration from 1999 to 2018. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Group A (untreated, levels ≤20 ng/mL), Group B (treated, levels 21-29 ng/mL), and Group C (treated, levels ≥30 ng/mL). The risk of MI and all-cause mortality were compared utilizing propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Among the cohort of 20 025 patients, the risk of MI was significantly lower in Group C than in Group B (hazard ratio [HR] 0.65, 95% CI 0.49-0.85, P = .002) and Group A (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.96), P = .02). There was no difference in the risk of MI between Group B and Group A (HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.91-1.42, P = 0.24). Compared with Group A, both Group B (HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.54-0.63, P < .001) and Group C (HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.56-0.67, P < .001) had significantly lower all-cause mortality. There was no difference in all-cause mortality between Group B and Group C (HR 0.99, 95% CI 0.89-1.09, P = .78). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with Vit-D deficiency and no prior history of MI, treatment to the (25-OH)D level of >20 ng/mL and >30 ng/mL was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality. The lower risk of MI was observed only in individuals maintaining (25-OH)D levels ≥30 ng/mL.

2.
Fed Pract ; 37(3): 128-137, 2020 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32317849

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: This study seeks to understand the demographic changes in the active-duty service member profile, both prior to and following September 11, 2001 (9/11). The study analyzed diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) and measures of severity of those diagnoses as recorded in service-connection ratings (percent disability). METHODS: A retrospective cohort-study of military veterans who received care at Veterans Health Administration medical centers between December 1998 and May 2014 was conducted based on clinical data recorded and stored within the Corporate Data Warehouse. RESULTS: A cohort of 1,339,937 veterans received an inpatient or outpatient diagnosis of PTSD and/or TBI. The cohort was divided into 4 service period groups and 3 diagnosis categories. The service periods included pre-9/11 (n = 1,030,806; 77%), post-9/11 (n = 204,083; 15%), overlap-9/11 (n = 89,953; 7%), and reentered post-9/11 (n = 15,095; 1%). The diagnosis categories included PTSD alone (n = 1,132,356; 85%), TBI alone (n = 100,789; 7%) and PTSD+TBI (n = 106,792; 8%). Results of the post-9/11 group revealed significant changes, including (1) increase of veterans with PTSD+TBI; (2) increase of female veterans with PTSD+TBI; and (3) increase of severity level of diagnosed PTSD/TBI as evidenced by higher service-connected disability pensions at younger age in the post-9/11 group. Additionally, data revealed unequal distribution of veterans with PTSD+TBI across geographic areas. CONCLUSIONS: The veteran of the post-9/11 service period does not mirror the veteran of the pre-9/11 service period. Findings are valuable for policy making, allocation of resources, and for reconsidering the prevailing paradigm for treating veterans with PTSD and/or TBI.

3.
Am J Cardiol ; 124(8): 1171-1178, 2019 10 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31409450

RESUMEN

The effect of normalization of serum testosterone levels with testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of recurrent MI and all-cause mortality in subjects with a history of MI and low total testosterone (TT) with and without TRT. We retrospectively examined 1,470 men with documented low TT levels and previous MI, categorized into Gp1: TRT with normalization of TT levels (n = 755) Gp2: TRT without normalization of TT levels (n = 542), and Gp3: no TRT (n = 173). The association of TRT with all-cause mortality and recurrent MI was compared using propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazard models. All-cause mortality was lower in Gp1 versus Gp2 (hazard ratio [HR] 0.76, confidence interval [CI] 0.64 to 0.90, p = 0.002), and Gp1 versus Gp3 (HR 0.76, CI 0.60 to 0.98, p = 0.031). There was no significant difference in the risk of death between Gp2 versus Gp3 (HR 0.97, CI 0.76 to 1.24, p = 0.81). Adjusted regression analyses showed no significant differences in the risk of recurrent MI between groups (Gp1 vs Gp3, HR 0.79, CI 0.12 to 5.27, p = 0.8; Gp1 vs Gp2 HR 1.10, CI 0.25 to 4.77, p = 0.90; Gp2 vs Gp3 HR 0.58, CI 0.08 to 4.06, p = 0.58). In conclusion, in a large observational cohort of male veterans with previous MI, normalization of TT levels with TRT was associated with decreased all-cause mortality compared with those with non-normalized TT levels and the untreated group. Furthermore, in this high-risk population, TRT was not associated with an increased risk of recurrent MI.


Asunto(s)
Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas/efectos adversos , Hipogonadismo/tratamiento farmacológico , Infarto del Miocardio/epidemiología , Testosterona/sangre , Anciano , Biomarcadores/sangre , Causas de Muerte/tendencias , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Hipogonadismo/sangre , Hipogonadismo/complicaciones , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/etiología , Pronóstico , Puntaje de Propensión , Recurrencia , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Tasa de Supervivencia/tendencias , Factores de Tiempo , Estados Unidos/epidemiología
4.
J Am Heart Assoc ; 6(5)2017 May 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28487389

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac dysrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Several small studies have reported that low serum total testosterone (TT) levels were associated with a higher incidence of AF. In contrast, it is also reported that anabolic steroid use is associated with an increase in the risk of AF. To date, no study has explored the effect of testosterone normalization on new incidence of AF after testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in patients with low testosterone. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using data from the Veterans Administrations Corporate Data Warehouse, we identified a national cohort of 76 639 veterans with low TT levels and divided them into 3 groups. Group 1 had TRT resulting in normalization of TT levels (normalized TRT), group 2 had TRT without normalization of TT levels (nonnormalized TRT), and group 3 did not receive TRT (no TRT). Propensity score-weighted stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting Cox proportional hazard methods were used for analysis of the data from these groups to determine the association between post-TRT levels of TT and the incidence of AF. Group 1 (40 856 patients, median age 66 years) had significantly lower risk of AF than group 2 (23 939 patients, median age 65 years; hazard ratio 0.90, 95% CI 0.81-0.99, P=0.0255) and group 3 (11 853 patients, median age 67 years; hazard ratio 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.89, P=0.0001). There was no statistical difference between groups 2 and 3 (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.78- 1.0009, P=0.0675) in incidence of AF. CONCLUSIONS: These novel results suggest that normalization of TT levels after TRT is associated with a significant decrease in the incidence of AF.


Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial/prevención & control , Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas , Testosterona/administración & dosificación , Anciano , Fibrilación Atrial/diagnóstico , Fibrilación Atrial/epidemiología , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Data Warehousing , Bases de Datos Factuales , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Humanos , Incidencia , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Puntaje de Propensión , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Factores Protectores , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Testosterona/sangre , Testosterona/deficiencia , Factores de Tiempo , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Salud de los Veteranos
5.
J Investig Med ; 65(4): 765-771, 2017 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28232517

RESUMEN

The high cost associated with antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection mandates further investigation in the context of preventing complications such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). We determined the cumulative incidence of DM2 in subjects with chronic HCV infection who received concomitant pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data obtained from Veterans Administrations Informatics and Computing Infrastructure (VINCI) to identify an adult cohort of patients without diabetes with chronic HCV infection who received Peg-IFN-based therapy between October 2001 and December 2011. Patients with history of HIV, hepatitis B infection, hepatocellular cancer (HCC), non-HCC cancers, and history of transplantation were excluded. Sustained virological response (SVR) was defined as negative HCV RNA 3 months after completion of therapy. Using Cox proportional hazards regression for multivariable analysis, we determined that patients who achieved SVR were at a significantly less risk of developing DM2. Adjusted survival rates showed that the responders' group was significantly less likely to develop DM2 over time (HR 0.60, CI 0.48 to 0.74, p<0.001). Peg-IFN-based therapy in chronic HCV patients that resulted in SVR significantly decreased the risk of developing DM2 and independently predicts the development of new onset disease after controlling for correlates of metabolic syndrome.


Asunto(s)
Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Hepatitis C Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Hepatitis C Crónica/virología , Síndrome Metabólico/complicaciones , Respuesta Virológica Sostenida , Adulto , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante
6.
Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes ; 1(1): 57-66, 2017 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30225402

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effect of cigarette smoking (CS) status and total testosterone (TT) levels after testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke in male smokers and nonsmokers without history of MI and stroke. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS: Data from 18,055 males with known CS status and low TT levels who received TRT at the Veterans Health Administration between December 1, 1999, and May 31, 2014, were grouped into (1) current smokers with normalized TT, (2) current smokers with nonnormalized TT, (3) nonsmokers with normalized TT, and (4) nonsmokers with nonnormalized TT. Combined effect of CS status and TT level normalization after TRT on all-cause mortality, MI, and stroke was compared using propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: Normalization of serum TT levels in nonsmokers was associated with a significant decrease in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR]=0.526; 95% CI, 0.477-0.581; P<.001) and MI (HR=0.717; 95% CI, 0.522-0.986; P<.001). Among current smokers, normalization of serum TT levels was associated with a significant decrease in only all-cause mortality (HR=0.563; 95% CI, 0.488-0.649; P<.001) without benefit in MI (HR=1.096; 95% CI, 0.698-1.720; P=.69). Importantly, compared with nonsmokers with normalized TT, all-cause mortality (HR=1.242; 95% CI, 1.104-1.396; P<.001), MI (HR=1.706; 95% CI, 1.242-2.342; P=.001), and stroke (HR=1.590; 95% CI, 1.013-2.495; P=.04) were significantly higher in current smokers with normalized TT. CONCLUSION: We conclude that active CS may negate the protective effect of testosterone level normalization on all-cause mortality and MI after TRT.

7.
Chest ; 150(3): 563-71, 2016 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27179907

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) prescriptions have increased several-fold in the last decade. There have been concerns regarding a possible increased incidence of DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE) with TRT. Few data support the association between TRT and DVT/PE. We evaluated the incidence of DVT and PE in men who were prescribed TRT for low serum total testosterone (sTT) levels. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study, conducted using data obtained from the Veterans Affairs Informatics and Computing Infrastructure. We compared the incidence of DVT/PE between those who received TRT and subsequently had normal on-treatment sTT levels (Gp1), those who received TRT but continued to have low on-treatment sTT (Gp2), and those who did not receive TRT (Gp3). Those with prior history of DVT/PE, cancer, hypercoagulable state, and chronic anticoagulation were excluded. RESULTS: The final cohort consisted of 71,407 subjects with low baseline sTT. Of these, 10,854 did not receive TRT (Gp3) and 60,553 received TRT. Of those who received TRT, 38,362 achieved normal sTT (Gp1) while 22,191 continued to have low sTT (Gp2). The incidence of DVT/PE was 0.5%, 0.4%, and 0.4% in Gp1, Gp2, and Gp3, respectively. Univariate, multivariate, and stabilized inverse probability of treatment weights analyses showed no statistically significant difference in DVT/PE-free survival between the various groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study did not detect a significant association between testosterone replacement therapy and risk of DVT/PE in adult men with low sTT who were at low to moderate baseline risk of DVT/PE.


Asunto(s)
Andrógenos/uso terapéutico , Hipogonadismo/tratamiento farmacológico , Embolia Pulmonar/epidemiología , Testosterona/uso terapéutico , Trombosis de la Vena/epidemiología , Anciano , Estudios de Cohortes , Bases de Datos Factuales , Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Análisis Multivariante , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estados Unidos , United States Department of Veterans Affairs , Veteranos
8.
Eur Heart J ; 36(40): 2706-15, 2015 Oct 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26248567

RESUMEN

AIMS: There is a significant uncertainty regarding the effect of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes including myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between normalization of total testosterone (TT) after TRT and CV events as well as all-cause mortality in patients without previous history of MI and stroke. METHODS AND RESULTS: We retrospectively examined 83 010 male veterans with documented low TT levels. The subjects were categorized into (Gp1: TRT with resulting normalization of TT levels), (Gp2: TRT without normalization of TT levels) and (Gp3: Did not receive TRT). By utilizing propensity score-weighted Cox proportional hazard models, the association of TRT with all-cause mortality, MI, stroke, and a composite endpoint was compared between these groups. The all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 0.44, confidence interval (CI) 0.42-0.46], risk of MI (HR: 0.76, CI 0.63-0.93), and stroke (HR: 0.64, CI 0.43-0.96) were significantly lower in Gp1 (n = 43 931, median age = 66 years, mean follow-up = 6.2 years) vs. Gp3 (n = 13 378, median age = 66 years, mean follow-up = 4.7 years) in propensity-matched cohort. Similarly, the all-cause mortality (HR: 0.53, CI 0.50-0.55), risk of MI (HR: 0.82, CI 0.71-0.95), and stroke (HR: 0.70, CI 0.51-0.96) were significantly lower in Gp1 vs. Gp2 (n = 25 701, median age = 66 years, mean follow-up = 4.6 years). There was no difference in MI or stroke risk between Gp2 and Gp3. CONCLUSION: In this large observational cohort with extended follow-up, normalization of TT levels after TRT was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, MI, and stroke.


Asunto(s)
Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Testosterona/sangre , Anciano , Andrógenos/administración & dosificación , Vías de Administración de Medicamentos , Terapia de Reemplazo de Hormonas/mortalidad , Humanos , Incidencia , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/prevención & control , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/sangre , Accidente Cerebrovascular/mortalidad , Accidente Cerebrovascular/prevención & control , Testosterona/administración & dosificación , Testosterona/deficiencia , Estados Unidos/epidemiología
9.
Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol ; 39(5): 555-65, 2015 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25835493

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: While statins have shown antiviral effects in different studies, few data are available about their effect among different HCV genotypes. AIM: To evaluate the effect of concomitant statin use on sustained virologic response (SVR) and other treatment outcomes among patients with HCV genotypes 1-3. METHOD: Using US Department of Veterans Affairs database, multivariate (MV), propensity score matched (PSM) and repeated measures mixed model analyses were performed on patients who received combination therapy with Peg-IFN and Ribavirin for treatment of HCV genotypes 1-3 between October 2001-December 2011. Concomitant statin users were matched with non-users in each genotype and SVR rates were compared. Changes in serum ALT during treatment was assessed. RESULTS: Of 37,611 treated patients, 236 genotype 1 (GT1), 78 genotype 2 (GT2) and 23 genotype 3 (GT3) statin users and non-users were used for PSM. SVR among GT1 patients was 22.8% (overall), significantly higher among statin users (26.3% vs. 19.5% P<0.01 from PSM; OR=1.49 CI 1.06-2.08 P=0.02 from MV). No significant impact of statin use was observed among GT2 (overall SVR - 55.8%, statin users vs. non-users - 53.9% vs. 57.7%, P=0.32), and GT3 (overall SVR - 58.7%, statin users vs. non-users - 60.9% vs. 56.2%, P=0.39) patients. Higher baseline LDL was positively associated with SVR while statin use reduced ALT during treatment in GT1 patients. CONCLUSION: In view of additional benefits of statins, and the prohibitive cost of newer HCV therapies, statins could be a potential assist for hard-to-treat GT1 patients especially in resource-poor settings.


Asunto(s)
Antivirales/uso terapéutico , Hepacivirus/efectos de los fármacos , Hepatitis C Crónica/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/uso terapéutico , Interferón-alfa/uso terapéutico , Polietilenglicoles/uso terapéutico , Ribavirina/uso terapéutico , Veteranos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Genotipo , Hepacivirus/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Medicina Militar , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapéutico , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estados Unidos
10.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs ; 44(2): 256-67, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25712783

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between maternal stress exposure, stress coping styles, and pregnancy complications. DESIGN: Quantitative, cross-sectional, and prospective study. SETTING: Tulane-Lakeside Hospital, New Orleans, LA and Women's Hospital, Baton Rouge, LA. PARTICIPANTS: The study included 146 women (122 from New Orleans and 24 from Baton Rouge), who were pregnant during or immediately after Hurricane Katrina. METHODS: Participants were interviewed regarding their hurricane experiences and perceived stress, and coping styles were assessed using the Brief COPE. Medical charts were also reviewed to obtain information about pregnancy outcomes. Logistic regression was performed to determine possible associations. RESULTS: Hurricane exposure was significantly associated with induction of labor (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.03, 1.86], P = .03) and current perceived stress (aOR = 1.50, CI [1.34, 1.99], P < .01). Stress perception significantly predisposed to pregnancy-induced hypertension (aOR = 1.16, CI [1.05, 1.30], P < .01) and gestational diabetes (aOR = 1.13, CI [1.02, 1.25], P = .03). Use of planning, acceptance, humor, instrumental support, and venting coping styles were associated with a significantly reduced occurrence of pregnancy complications (P < .05). Higher rates for gestational diabetes was found among women using the denial coping style (aOR = 2.25, CI [1.14, 4.45], P = .02). CONCLUSION: Exposure to disaster-related stress may complicate pregnancy, whereas some coping styles may mitigate its effects. Further research should explore how coping styles may mitigate or exacerbate the effect of major stressors and how positive coping styles can be encouraged or augmented.


Asunto(s)
Tormentas Ciclónicas , Desastres , Complicaciones del Embarazo/etiología , Resultado del Embarazo , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Adaptación Psicológica , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Femenino , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Incidencia , Recién Nacido , Modelos Logísticos , Nueva Orleans , Paridad , Embarazo , Complicaciones del Embarazo/epidemiología , Complicaciones del Embarazo/fisiopatología , Estudios Prospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/etiología , Adulto Joven
11.
Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat ; 116-117: 88-98, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25447342

RESUMEN

Clinical studies suggest cardiovascular and renal benefits of ingesting small amounts of ethanol. Effects of ethanol, role of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) or of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) in podocytes of the glomerular filtration barrier have not been reported. We found that mouse podocytes at baseline generate 20-HETE and express ADH but not CYP2e1. Ethanol at high concentrations altered the actin cytoskeleton, induced CYP2e1, increased superoxide production and inhibited ADH gene expression. Ethanol at low concentrations upregulated the expression of ADH and CYP4a12a. 20-HETE, an arachidonic acid metabolite generated by CYP4a12a, blocked the ethanol-induced cytoskeletal derangement and superoxide generation. Ethanol at high concentration or ADH inhibitor increased glomerular albumin permeability in vitro. 20-HETE and its metabolite produced by ADH activity, 20-carboxy-arachidonic acid, protected the glomerular permeability barrier against an ADH inhibitor, puromycin or FSGS permeability factor. We conclude that ADH activity is required for glomerular function, 20-HETE is a physiological substrate of ADH in podocytes and that podocytes are useful biosensors to understand glomeruloprotective effects of ethanol.


Asunto(s)
Alcohol Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Etanol/farmacología , Ácidos Hidroxieicosatetraenoicos/metabolismo , Enfermedades Renales/prevención & control , Podocitos/metabolismo , Animales , Línea Celular Transformada , Citocromo P-450 CYP2E1/metabolismo , Sistema Enzimático del Citocromo P-450/metabolismo , Familia 4 del Citocromo P450 , Enfermedades Renales/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Renales/metabolismo , Enfermedades Renales/patología , Ratones , Podocitos/citología , Inhibidores de la Síntesis de la Proteína/efectos adversos , Inhibidores de la Síntesis de la Proteína/farmacología , Puromicina/efectos adversos , Puromicina/farmacología
12.
Am J Disaster Med ; 7(3): 199-209, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23140063

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Experiencing natural disasters such as hurricanes is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression. We examined the role played by perceived stress and coping styles in explaining and modifying this association among pregnant women exposed to Hurricane Katrina. DESIGN: The study comprised 192 women (133 from New Orleans and 59 from Baton Rouge) who were pregnant during Hurricane Katrina or became pregnant immediately after the hurricane. Women were interviewed regarding their hurricane experience, perceived stress, and mental health outcomes. Coping styles was assessed using the Brief COPE, PTSD symptoms using the Post-Traumatic Checklist, and depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Depression Scale. Multivariable regression models were run to determine the effects of coping styles on mental health and the interactions among coping styles, hurricane experience, and perceived stress on mental health. RESULTS: Apart from the positive reframing and humor coping styles, all coping styles correlated positively with PTSD or depression (p < 0.05). The instrumental support, denial, venting, and behavioral disengagement coping styles were significantly associated with worsened PTSD symptoms among those who reported higher perceived stress (p < 0.05). Use of a humor coping style seemed to reduce the effect of perceived stress on depressive symptoms (p = 0.02 for interaction) while use of instrumental support (p = 0.04) and behavioral disengagement (p < 0.01) were both associated with more symptoms of depression among those who perceived more stress. There were no strong interactions between coping style and hurricane experience. CONCLUSION: Coping styles are potential moderators of the effects of stress on mental health of pregnant women.


Asunto(s)
Adaptación Psicológica , Tormentas Ciclónicas , Depresión/psicología , Madres/psicología , Complicaciones del Embarazo/psicología , Mujeres Embarazadas/psicología , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/psicología , Adulto , Comorbilidad , Depresión/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Louisiana , Salud Mental/estadística & datos numéricos , Madres/estadística & datos numéricos , Embarazo , Apoyo Social , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Salud de la Mujer , Adulto Joven
13.
Afr J Reprod Health ; 16(3): 68-76, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23437501

RESUMEN

Poor maternal nutrition, especially in rural settings, adversely affects pregnancy and birth outcomes. In many local communities, pregnant women have food taboos with consequent depletion of vital nutrients. To facilitate early identification and prompt counseling, this study aimed at describing pregnant women who are likely to keep food taboos. Data was collected from 405 pregnant women that attended antenatal care at health facilities in Saki East Local Government of Oyo state, Nigeria. Sociodemographic characteristics of the women were described using means and proportions. Using logistic regression analysis, maternal characteristics significantly associated with adherence to food taboos were identified. The data was analysed using SAS 9.2. Factors associated with food taboos were teen age, primigravidity, low body mass index, lack of formal education, and low monthly family income. Health workers should have a high index of suspicion for food taboos among pregnant women with the identified risk factors.


Asunto(s)
Dieta , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Tabú , Adolescente , Adulto , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Análisis Multivariante , Nigeria , Embarazo , Población Rural , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto Joven
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