Photobiomodulation on critical bone defects of rat calvaria: a systematic review.

Bone defects following trauma represent a high impact on the quality of life of millions of people around the world. The aim of this study was to review photobiomodulation (PBM) action in the treatment of bone critical defects in rat calvaria, related to evaluation of the current protocols applied. One hundred and forty-seven articles related to the subject were found by searching the main databases (Pubmed, Lilacs, Web of Science, and Scopus) considering the period of publication until the year 2017, and only 14 corresponded the inclusion criteria established for this systematic review. The main parameters of the PBM were expressed in Table 1. In addition, it was possible to observe the use of two different wavelengths (red and infrared), which are considered therapeutic. Most of the evaluated articles presented positive results that describe a greater amount of neoformed bone, an increase in collagen synthesis, and a contribution to microvascular reestablishment. However, two studies report no effect on the repair process when the PBM was used. In addition, we observed considerable variations between the values of power, fluence, and total energy, which make it difficult to compare the results presented between the selected studies. It was possible to conclude that the infrared laser was more effective in positively stimulating the bone repair process of critical defects. Furthermore, a discrepancy was found in the parameter values used, which made it difficult to choose the best protocol for the treatment of this type of lesion.

Tuberculose e a equipe de saúde bucal no programa de saúde da família / Tuberculosis and the oral health staff in the family health program of São Carlos - SP, Brazil

Introdução: As equipes de saúde bucal da saúde da família participam de todas as ações preventivas e educativas realizadas pela equipe, entretanto pouco se sabe sobre o preparo destes profissionais para a realização de tais ações. Este trabalho vem, portanto, identificar o conhecimento da Equipe de Saúde Bucal de Unidades de Saúde da Família sobre a tuberculose (TB). Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, realizado com profissionais da saúde bucal de 14 unidades de saúde da família. Resultados e Discussão: Foram abordados 12 dentistas e 12 auxiliares de consultório odontológico, dentre os quais 91,6% eram mulheres com média de 40 anos e quatro anos de experiência no programa. Todos os participantes reconhecem a importância de identificar os sintomáticos respiratórios, 66% apontaram a necessidade do uso de equipamentos de proteção individual e 33% acreditam que o tratamento deva ser realizado em casa. A baciloscopia de escarro foi citada 87,5% como o primeiro exame a ser solicitado, tanto para o diagnóstico inicial quanto para avaliar o tratamento. Já com relação à indicação da cultura de escarro, somente 45% reconhecem o seu uso, 25% afirmaram que o PPD positivo é sinônimo de doença e 16% reconheceram que o Raio-X é um meio de diagnosticar a TB. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos apontam que as equipes de saúde bucal necessitam de um processo permanente de aquisição de novos conhecimentos e aprimoramento dos já adquiridos afim de garantir a atenção ao paciente com TB, a sua família e segurança da equipe.

The oral health staff of the family health strategy participate in all educational and preventive actions performed by the team, though little is known about the proficiency of these professionals to carry out such actions. Given the lack of studies addressing the topic, this work was aimed to identify the knowledge of the Oral Health Staff of the Family Health Units on tuberculosis (TB). Methodology: This was a descriptive, quantitative study of oral health professionals in 14 family health units, during the September-November months, 2009. Results and Discussion: 12 dentists and 12 dental assistants participated, among whom 91.6% were female, with a mean age of 40 years and 4 years of experience in the program. All participants recognized the importance of identifying patients with respiratory symptoms and 66% indicated the need for the use of personal protective equipment. 33% believed that treatment should be performed at home. 87.5% stated that sputum smear is the first test to be requested and is recommended for both the initial diagnosis and treatment follow-up. Regarding the indication of sputum culture, only 45% acknowledged its use. 25% said that the positive tuberculin test is synonymous with disease and 16% recognized that the radiological examination is a means of diagnosing TB. Conclusion: The results obtained suggested that oral health teams need continuing medical education in order to ensure the best care of TB patients and their family and the security of the team.