Association Between Diet and Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Case-Control Study.

Introduction Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic, inflammatory papulosquamous skin disease. The symptoms and signs of SD are typically managed by topical ketoconazole and topical corticosteroids. However, they don't provide a cure for SD, which explains the disease's chronic nature. With this study, we aimed to identify specific dietary modifications that can be implemented as an adjunctive to traditional treatment of SD. Methods A case-control retrospective study. Data was obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with SD. Patients were invited to participate in an online self-reported questionnaire, and dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. The controls were collected by distributing the same questionnaire to healthy adult residents living in Jeddah via social media. Results Two hundred sixty-seven participants were included in the study, 59 of whom were SD patients. Participants who reported consuming the following food types once daily had a higher percentage of SD compared to those without SD: a slice of white bread (p=0.002), a cup of rice or pasta (p<0.001), non-acidic fruits (p=0.014), leafy green vegetables (p=0.007), other types of vegetables (p=0.001), roasted or fried nuts (p=0.047), raw nuts (p=0.022) and a cup of coffee (p=0.041). When asked about their impression of what food types triggered or relieved their disease, 29 (49.2%) of the diseased participants reported no flare-ups with any kind of food. On the other hand, the following food types were commonly reported to be associated with SD exacerbation: spicy food (16.9%), sweets (16.9%), fried food (13.5%), dairy products (11.9%), and citrus fruits (10.2%). In contrast, citrus fruits, leafy green vegetables (8.5% for each), and the other types of vegetables (6.8%) were frequently observed with SD improvement. Conclusion Several dietary factors have been associated with SD in our cohort. Thus, our findings could offer new insights into the application of adjuvant dietary measures that might play a role in the improvement of SD symptoms and potentially enhance therapeutic outcomes.

Neonatal Septic Arthritis of the Hip: A Case Report.

Neonatal septic arthritis is a bacterial infection that, if not identified and treated right away, can affect human joints and result in osteonecrosis, joint destruction, and permanent abnormalities. Around 0.3 out of every 1,000 live births are impacted by septic arthritis worldwide. Although there is very little available data on the newborn population, we present a novel case of neonatal hip septic arthritis that was presented to our hospital and was successfully treated with surgical irrigation and debridement through arthrotomy with the Smith-Petersen approach in addition to antibiotics, despite its early vague presentation and lack of complications. Thus, it is crucial to clinically and radiologically evaluate neonates presenting with obscure symptoms and signs to prevent future disabilities and complications resulting from septic arthritis.

Pediatric optic nerve and globe measurements on magnetic resonance imaging: establishing norms for children.

BACKGROUND: Normal optic nerve diameter (OND) and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) may be beneficial for describing optic nerve pathway abnormality reflecting increased intracranial pressure. Nonetheless, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurement of the normal ONSD range and its associations with clinical factors and eyeball transverse diameter (ETD) are not well established in children. PURPOSE: To establish normal OND, ONSD, ETD, and OND/ONSD and ONSD/ETD measurements in children and their associations with age and sex. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated and analyzed 336 brain MRI studies of children aged 0.5 months to 18 years. We measured a total of 672 optic nerves. The OND and ONSD were measured 1 cm anterior to the optic foramina and 3 mm behind the optic disc on an axial T2 sequence. RESULTS: The mean OND 3 mm and 1 cm, ONSD 3 mm and 1 cm, and ETD were 0.23 ± 0.05 mm and 0.16 ± 0.04 mm, 0.53 ± 0.08 mm and 0.38 ± 0.06 mm, and 2.3 ± 0.13, respectively. Only ONSD 1 cm was independent of age (P = 0.247). ONSD 3 mm and ETD were significantly wider in boys compared to girls and significantly influenced by age (both P < 0.001). Age at scan and ETD were significantly correlated (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: We established MRI-based OND, ONSD, ETD, and ONSD/ETD and OND/ONSD ratio normative values in children, which can be helpful in pediatric populations with disease.