Risk-stratified Results among Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Patients in Two Large Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Centers in South America.

INTRODUCTION: Mortality related to CDH is high, but with great variability among centers. There are few studies on patients with this condition born in South America which show poor outcomes. The goal of this study is to present the outcome of CDH in several high-volume quaternary centers in South America, ascertain the factors associated with lower mortality in our population, and compare our outcomes to those of the CDH Study Group (CDHSG). METHODS: The data from two South American centers were retrospectively analyzed and compared with contemporary data from other CDHSG participating centers. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics were also evaluated and compared. RESULTS: Between 2013 and 2018, the two South American centers saw 335 patients with CDH with an overall survival rate of 73.1%. Survival for the high, intermediate, and low-risk groups as determined by the Brindle score was 50%, 70%, and 87%, respectively. In our cohort the strongest predictors of mortality were ECMO use and early PaCO2. There were no significant differences in mortality between the two South American centers and the other CDHSG centers when adjusted by risk score, however, the South American centers had higher use of ECMO in the intermediate-risk group. DISCUSSION: Quaternary South American centers had similar outcomes to CDHSG centers worldwide. The availability and coordination of centralized dedicated care allow more efficient use of scarce technical and professional resources in patients with CDH. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

Hernia diafragmática congénita: predictores posnatales de mortalidad / Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: postnatal predictors of mortality

La hernia diafragmática congénita (HDC) es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia, con elevada morbimortalidad. Los factores pronósticos posnatales, durante el primer día de vida, son útiles para la toma de decisiones.Objetivos. Determinar la capacidad predictiva de los factores posnatales ecocardiográficos, clínicos y bioquímicos de mortalidad en los recién nacidos con HDC durante el primer día de vida.Método. Estudio observacional analítico de cohorte retrospectiva. Se incluyeron los pacientes con HDC, en forma consecutiva, desde marzo de 2012 a noviembre de 2018. Se analizaron como predictores el índice de oxigenación (IO), valor más alto de presión parcial de dióxido de carbono en sangre (pCO2), puntaje de gravedad SNAPPE II, ecocardiograma, dosaje de NT-pro péptido natriurético B (NT-proPNB), todos medidos en el primer día de vida.Resultados. La población fue de 178 pacientes con HDC. La sobrevida, del 75 %. El 24 % recibió oxigenación por membrana extracorpórea. La presencia precoz de hipertensión pulmonar sistémica o suprasistémica no mostró capacidad predictiva (OR 2,2; IC 95 %: 0,8-8), p = 0,1. NT-proPNB tampoco mostró buena discriminación (área bajo la curva (ABC) 0,46, p = 0,67). El IO, SNAPPE II y el valor más alto de pCO2 mostraron buena discriminación, ABC IO 0,82, ABC SNAPPE II 0,86 y ABC pCO2 0,75, p < 0,001.Conclusión.SNAPPE II, IO y valor más alto de pCO2, medidos el primer día de vida, mostraron buena capacidad predictiva con respecto a la evolución; SNAPPE II fue superior al IO y al valor más alto de CO2.

Introduction: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) prevalence is low while its associated morbidity and mortality rates are high. Postnatal prognostic factors on the first day of life are useful for predicting the outcome. Objectives: To determine the mortality predictive ability of postnatal echocardiographic, clinical, and biochemical factors among newborn infants with CDH in their first day of life. Method: Observational analytical study of a retrospective cohort. Patients with CDH were consecutively included between March 2012 and November 2018. On the first day of life, analyzed predictors were the oxygenation index (OI), the highest partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) level in blood, the SNAPPE II severity score, the echocardiography, and the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) value. Results: The population consisted of 178 patients with CDH. Survival was 75 %. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was used in 24 %. The early onset of systemic or suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension showed no predictive ability (OR: 2.2, 95 % CI: 0.8-8), p = 0.1. NT-proBNP did not show good discrimination either (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.46, p = 0.67). The OI, SNAPPE II score, and the highest pCO2 level showed adequate discrimination power, AUC for OI: 0.82, AUC for SNAPPE II: 0.86, and AUC for pCO2: 0.75, p < 0.001. Conclusion: The SNAPPE II score, the OI, and the highest pCO2 level measured on the first day of life, showed a good predictive ability in terms of the course of the disease; the SNAPPE II score was better than the OI and the highest pCO2 level.

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia: postnatal predictors of mortality. / Hernia diafragmática congénita: predictores posnatales de mortalidad.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) prevalence is low while its associated morbidity and mortality rates are high. Postnatal prognostic factors on the first day of life are useful for predicting the outcome. OBJECTIVES: To determine the mortality predictive ability of postnatal echocardiographic, clinical, and biochemical factors among newborn infants with CDH in their first day of life. METHOD: Observational analytical study of a retrospective cohort. Patients with CDH were consecutively included between March 2012 and November 2018. On the first day of life, analyzed predictors were the oxygenation index (OI), the highest partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) level in blood, the SNAPPE II severity score, the echocardiography, and the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) value. RESULTS: The population consisted of 178 patients with CDH. Survival was 75 %. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was used in 24 %. The early onset of systemic or suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension showed no predictive ability (OR: 2.2, 95 % CI: 0.8-8), p = 0.1. NT-proBNP did not show good discrimination either (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.46, p = 0.67). The OI, SNAPPE II score, and the highest pCO2 level showed adequate discrimination power, AUC for OI: 0.82, AUC for SNAPPE II: 0.86, and AUC for pCO2: 0.75, p < 0.001. CONCLUSION: The SNAPPE II score, the OI, and the highest pCO2 level measured on the first day of life, showed a good predictive ability in terms of the course of the disease; the SNAPPE II score was better than the OI and the highest pCO2 level.

La hernia diafragmática congénita (HDC) es una enfermedad de baja prevalencia, con elevada morbimortalidad. Los factores pronósticos posnatales, durante el primer día de vida, son útiles para la toma de decisiones. Objetivos. Determinar la capacidad predictiva de los factores posnatales ecocardiográficos, clínicos y bioquímicos de mortalidad en los recién nacidos con HDC durante el primer día de vida. Método. Estudio observacional analítico de cohorte retrospectiva. Se incluyeron los pacientes con HDC, en forma consecutiva, desde marzo de 2012 a noviembre de 2018. Se analizaron como predictores el índice de oxigenación (IO), valor más alto de presión parcial de dióxido de carbono en sangre (pCO2), puntaje de gravedad SNAPPE II, ecocardiograma, dosaje de NT-pro péptido natriurético B (NT-proPNB), todos medidos en el primer día de vida. Resultados. La población fue de 178 pacientes con HDC. La sobrevida, del 75 %. El 24 % recibió oxigenación por membrana extracorpórea. La presencia precoz de hipertensión pulmonar sistémica o suprasistémica no mostró capacidad predictiva (OR 2,2; IC 95 %: 0,8-8), p = 0,1. NTproPNB tampoco mostró buena discriminación (área bajo la curva (ABC) 0,46, p = 0,67). El IO, SNAPPE II y el valor más alto de pCO2 mostraron buena discriminación, ABC IO 0,82, ABC SNAPPE II 0,86 y ABC pCO2 0,75, p < 0,001. Conclusión. SNAPPE II, IO y valor más alto de pCO2, medidos el primer día de vida, mostraron buena capacidad predictiva con respecto a la evolución; SNAPPE II fue superior al IO y al valor más alto de CO2.