Recent progress on nickel phthalocyanine-based electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.

The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to high-value fuels by renewable electricity is a sustainable strategy, which can substitute for fossil fuels and circumvent climate changes induced by elevated CO2 emission levels, making the rational design of versatile electrocatalysts highly desirable. Among all the electrocatalytic materials used in the CO2 reduction reaction, nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc)-based electrocatalysts have attracted considerable attention recently because of their high CO selectivity and catalytic activity. Herein, we review the latest advances in CO2 electroreduction to CO catalyzed by immobilized NiPc and its derivatives on diverse surfaces. Specific strategies, the structure-performance relationship and the CO2-to-CO reaction mechanism of these NiPc-based electrocatalysts are analyzed. Future opportunities and challenges for this series of powerful heterogeneous electrocatalysts are also highlighted.

Achieving a solar-to-chemical efficiency of 3.6% in ambient conditions by inhibiting interlayer charges transport.

Efficiently converting solar energy into chemical energy remains a formidable challenge in artificial photosynthetic systems. To date, rarely has an artificial photosynthetic system operating in the open air surpassed the highest solar-to-biomass conversion efficiency (1%) observed in plants. In this study, we present a three-dimension polymeric photocatalyst achieving a solar-to-H2O2 conversion efficiency of 3.6% under ambient conditions, including real water, open air, and room temperature. The impressive performance is attributed to the efficient storage of electrons inside materials via expeditious intramolecular charge transfer, and the fast extraction of the stored electrons by O2 that can diffuse into the internal pores of the self-supporting three-dimensional material. This construction strategy suppresses the interlayer transfer of excitons, polarizers and carriers, effectively increases the utilization of internal excitons to 82%. This breakthrough provides a perspective to substantially enhance photocatalytic performance and bear substantial implications for sustainable energy generation and environmental remediation.

Highly Efficient, Noble-Metal-Free, Fully Aqueous CO2 Photoreduction Sensitized by a Robust Organic Dye.

The development of efficient, selective, and durable CO2 photoreduction systems presents a long-standing challenge in full aqueous solutions owing to the presence of scarce CO2 and the fierce competition against H2 evolution, which is even more challenging when noble metals are not utilized. Herein, we present the facile decorations of four phosphonic acid groups on a donor-acceptor-type organic dye to obtain a water-soluble photosensitizer (4P-DPAIPN), which succeeds the excellent photophysical and photoredox properties of its prototype, exhibiting long-lived delayed fluorescence (>10 µs) in aqueous solutions. Combining 4P-DPAIPN with a cationic cobalt porphyrin catalyst has accomplished record-high apparent quantum yields of 9.4-17.4% at 450 nm for CO2-to-CO photoconversion among the precedented systems (maximum 13%) in fully aqueous solutions. Remarkable selectivity of 82-93% and turnover number of 2700 for CO production can also be achieved with this noble-metal-free system, outperforming a benchmarking ruthenium photosensitizer and a commercial organic dye under parallel conditions. Such high performances of 4P-DPAIPN can be well maintained under real sunlight. More impressively, no significant decomposition of 4P-DPAIPN was detected during the long-term photocatalysis. Eventually, the photoinduced electron transfer pathways were proposed.

A Synergetic Pore Compartmentalization and Hydrophobization Strategy for Synchronously Boosting the Stability and Activity of Enzyme.

Spatial immobilization of fragile enzymes using a nanocarrier is an efficient means to design heterogeneous biocatalysts, presenting superior stability and recyclability to pristine enzymes. An immobilized enzyme, however, usually compromises its catalytic activity because of inevasible mass transfer issues and the unfavorable conformation changes in a confined environment. Here, we describe a synergetic metal-organic framework pore-engineering strategy to trap lipase (an important hydrolase), which confers lipase-boosted stability and activity simultaneously. The hierarchically porous NU-1003, featuring interconnected mesopore and micropore channels, is precisely modified by chain-adjustable fatty acids on its mesopore channel, into which lipase is trapped. The interconnected pore structure ensures efficient communication between trapped lipase and exterior media, while the fatty acid-mediated hydrophobic pore can activate the opening conformation of lipase by interfacial interaction. Such dual pore compartmentalization and hydrophobization activation effects render the catalytic center of trapped lipase highly accessible, resulting in 1.57-fold and 2.46-fold activities as native lipase on ester hydrolysis and enantioselective catalysis. In addition, the feasibility of these heterogeneous biocatalysts for kinetic resolution of enantiomer is also validated, showing much higher efficiency than native lipase.

Enzyme-Immobilized Porous Crystals for Environmental Applications.

Developing efficient technologies to eliminate or degrade contaminants is paramount for environmental protection. Biocatalytic decontamination offers distinct advantages in terms of selectivity and efficiency; however, it still remains challenging when applied in complex environmental matrices. The main challenge originates from the instability and difficult-to-separate attributes of fragile enzymes, which also results in issues of compromised activity, poor reusability, low cost-effectiveness, etc. One viable solution to harness biocatalysis in complex environments is known as enzyme immobilization, where a flexible enzyme is tightly fixed in a solid carrier. In the case where a reticular crystal is utilized as the support, it is feasible to engineer next-generation biohybrid catalysts functional in complicated environmental media. This can be interpreted by three aspects: (1) the highly crystalline skeleton can shield the immobilized enzyme against external stressors. (2) The porous network ensures the high accessibility of the interior enzyme for catalytic decontamination. And (3) the adjustable and unambiguous structure of the reticular framework favors in-depth understanding of the interfacial interaction between the framework and enzyme, which can in turn guide us in designing highly active biocomposites. This Review aims to introduce this emerging biocatalysis technology for environmental decontamination involving pollutant degradation and greenhouse gas (carbon dioxide) conversion, with emphasis on the enzyme immobilization protocols and diverse catalysis principles including single enzyme catalysis, catalysis involving enzyme cascades, and photoenzyme-coupled catalysis. Additionally, the remaining challenges and forward-looking directions in this field are discussed. We believe that this Review may offer a useful biocatalytic technology to contribute to environmental decontamination in a green and sustainable manner and will inspire more researchers at the intersection of the environment science, biochemistry, and materials science communities to co-solve environmental problems.

Oxygen-Centered Organic Radicals-Involved Unified Heterogeneous Self-Fenton Process for Stable Mineralization of Micropollutants in Water.

Removing organic micropollutants from water through photocatalysis is hindered by catalyst instability and substantial residuals from incomplete mineralization. Here, a novel water treatment paradigm, the unified heterogeneous self-Fenton process (UHSFP), which achieved an impressive 32% photon utilization efficiency at 470 nm, and a significant 94% mineralization of organic micropollutants-all without the continual addition of oxidants and iron ions is presented. In UHSFP, the active species differs fundamentally from traditional photocatalytic processes. One electron acceptor unit of photocatalyst acquires only one photogenerated electron to convert into oxygen-centered organic radical (OCOR), then spontaneously completing subsequent processes, including pollutant degradation, hydrogen peroxide generation, activation, and mineralization of organic micropollutants. By bolstering electron-transfer capabilities and diminishing catalyst affinity for oxygen in the photocatalytic process, the generation of superoxide radicals is effectively suppressed, preventing detrimental attacks on the catalyst. This study introduces an innovative and cost-effective strategy for the efficient and stable mineralization of organic micropollutants, eliminating the necessity for continuous chemical inputs, providing a new perspective on water treatment technologies.

Design of magnetic photonic crystal microdroplet for sensitive detection of cationic organic pollutants by the coupled resonance effect.

Photonic crystals (PCs), periodically arranged nanoparticles, have emerged with extraordinary optical properties for light manipulation owing to their photonic band gaps (PBGs). Here, a novel strategy and method was developed for efficient enrichment and sensitive detection of cationic organic pollutants in water. Size-controlled Fe3O4@poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (Fe3O4@PSSMA) was prepared, and high surface charge were formed with the coating of PSSMA layer on the surface of Fe3O4, which could be used for adsorption and removal of cationic organic pollutants. The Fe3O4@PSSMA after adsorbing cationic organic pollutant were assembled to magnetic photonic crystal microdroplet (MPCM) structure in an external magnetic field, which was used as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate. By coupling the magnetically tuned PBGs with Raman laser wavelength, the light utilization efficiency can be improved and the coupled resonance effect was greatly enhanced. The enhancement factor (EF) of MB was more than 800 attributing to the dual function of enrichment and coupled resonance effect of MPCM. The developed analytical strategy is the first time to use MPCM as a SERS substrate to realize the sensitive detection of 10 nmol L-1 MB in real water, which greatly improves the application of MPCM in the field of contaminant analysis and detection in water.

Developing Covalent Organic Framework Biocatalysts through Enzyme Encapsulation.

Utilizing covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as porous supports to encapsulate enzyme represents an advanced strategy for constructing COFs biocatalysts, which has inspired numerous interests across various applications. As the structural advantages including ultrastable covalent-bonded linkage, tailorable pore structure, and metal-free biocompatibility, the resultant enzyme-COFs biocatalysts showcase functional enhancement in catalytic activity, chemical stability, long-term durability, and recyclability. This Concept describes the recent advances in the methodological strategies for engineering the COFs biocatalysts, with specific emphasis on the pore entrapment and in situ encapsulation strategies. The structural advantages of the COFs hybrid biocatalysts for organic synthesis, environment- and energy-associated applications are also canvassed. Additionally, the remaining challenges and the forward-looking directions in this field are also discussed. We believe that this Concept can offer useful methodological guidance for developing active and robust COFs biocatalysts.

Ultrastable Copper Iodide Hybrid with Intrinsic Greenish White-Light Emission by Incorporating an Anionic Inorganic Functional Unit into an Extended Structure.

Incorporating a functional unit into the multidimensional coordination polymer skeleton is an efficient way to improve the stability of materials and expand their application. In this paper, anionic copper iodide inorganic functional modules are incorporated into one-dimensional extended chains by using a unique bidentate cationic organic ligand. Benefiting from the ionic extended structure, the resulting hybrid possesses a remarkable stability with a decomposition temperature as high as 300 °C. Meanwhile, the hybrid material exhibits intrinsic greenish white-light emission with a high photoluminescent quantum yield of 70%. The emission was investigated by temperature-dependent emission spectra, which proved to be the result of the synergistic effect of two energy states. The novel synthetic strategy provides an efficient route for the development of functional organic metal halides.

Developing a novel strategy for fabricating matrix film to assess the distribution of potassium perfluorooctanic sulfonate by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging.

Matrix deposition plays a critical role in image quality of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). To improve the ionization efficiency and overcome the limitation of traditional matrix deposition methods in the face of difficult-to-sublimate or difficult-to-dissolve matrix, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) named COF-DhaTab was successfully synthesized and firstly used as matrix film. It was fabricated by imprinting of sieved COF-DhaTab powder on the surface of a double-sided adhesive tape. Outstanding reproducibility and uniformity of COF-DhaTab film were demonstrated by relative standard deviation (RSD) within 8.37% and 7.71% from dot-to-dot and plate-to-plate, respectively. With the introduction of double-sided adhesive tape, water contact angle (WCA) of COF-DhaTab film increased from 55° to 141°, resulting in significant suppression of analyte diffusion. Moreover, the intensity of potassium perfluorooctanic sulfonate (PFOS, C8F17SO3-, m/z 498.93) was 9.3 × 105, more than six hundred times higher than that using DHB matrix. This enhancement was attributed to the rough surface and multiple branches of the synthesized COF-DhaTab. To verify the ability of COF-DhaTab film as substrate, the spatial distribution of PFOS in zebrafish, rat liver and kidney tissues was explored. Superior imaging capability was displayed with high-spatial resolution and reliable location distribution. These results not only demonstrate the outstanding ability of COF-DhaTab as matrix for MALDI-MS and MALDI-MSI, but also provide a facile approach for fabrication of novel matrix films for MALDI-MSI.

Highly efficient electrocatalytic CO2 reduction by a CrIII quaterpyridine complex.

Design tactics and mechanistic studies both remain as fundamental challenges during the exploitations of earth-abundant molecular electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction, especially for the rarely studied Cr-based ones. Herein, a quaterpyridyl CrIII catalyst is found to be highly active for CO2 electroreduction to CO with 99.8% Faradaic efficiency in DMF/phenol medium. A nearly one order of magnitude higher turnover frequency (86.6 s-1) over the documented Cr-based catalysts (<10 s-1) can be achieved at an applied overpotential of only 190 mV which is generally 300 mV lower than these precedents. Such a high performance at this low driving force originates from the metal-ligand cooperativity that stabilizes the low-valent intermediates and serves as an efficient electron reservoir. Moreover, a synergy of electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry, electron paramagnetic resonance, and quantum chemical calculations allows to characterize the key CrII, CrI, Cr0, and CO-bound Cr0 intermediates as well as to verify the catalytic mechanism.

Universal Strategy for Metal-Organic Framework Growth: From Cascading-Functional Films to MOF-on-MOFs.

Transformation of metal-organic framework (MOF) particles into thin films is urgently needed for the persistent development of well-applicable devices, and recently emerging functional-integrated hybrid frameworks. Although some flexible polymers and exclusive modification approaches have been proposed, the additive-free and widely applicable strategy has not been reported, hampering the deep investigation of the structure-performance relationship. A universal strategy for the in situ growth of large-area and continuous MOF films with controllable microstructures is introduced, through the modification of multi-scale and multi-structure substrates with poly(4-vinylpyridine) as the anchor to capture metal ions via Coulomb attraction. Based on the clarified structure-adsorption-separation mechanisms, the customized devices fabricated by in situ growth can achieve highly selective adsorption and excellently synergetic separation of various industrially relevant isomers. In addition, this strategy is also feasible for the construction of MOF-on-MOFs with varied lattice parameters. This strategy is easy to implement and will be widely applicable to the surface growth of diverse MOFs on desired substrates, and provides a new concept for developing hybrid MOFs integrating with customized functionalities.

On-Site Ratiometric Analysis of UO22+ with High Selectivity.

Uranyl ions (UO22+) are recognized as important indicators for monitoring sudden nuclear accidents. However, the interferences coexisting in the complicated environmental matrices impart serious constraints on the reliability of current on-site monitoring methods. Herein, a novel ratiometric method for the highly sensitive and selective detection of UO22+ is reported based on a [Eu(diaminoterephthalic acid)] (Eu-DATP) metal-organic framework. Benefiting from the unique chemical structure of Eu-DATP, energy transfer from DATP to UO22+ was enabled, resulting in the up-regulated fluorescence of UO22+ and the simultaneous down-regulated fluorescence of Eu3+. The limit of detection reached as low as 2.7 nM, which was almost 2 orders of magnitude below the restricted limit in drinking water set by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (130 nM). The Eu-DATP probe showed excellent specificity to UO22+ over numerous interfering species, as the intrinsic emissions of UO22+ were triggered. This unprecedentedly high selectivity is especially beneficial for monitoring UO22+ in complicated environmental matrices with no need for tedious sample pretreatment, such as filtration and digestion. Then, by facilely equipping a Eu-DATP-based sampler on a drone, remotely controlled sampling and on-site analysis in real water samples were realized. The concentrations of UO22+ were determined to be from 16.5 to 23.5 nM in the river water of the Guangzhou downtown area, which was consistent with the results determined by the gold-standard inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. This study presents a reliable and convenient method for the on-site analysis of UO22+.

Toxicity Assessment of Environmental Liquid Crystal Monomers: A Bacteriological Investigation on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

The widespread existence of liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) in various environmental matrices has been demonstrated, yet studies on the toxicological effects of LCMs are considerably scarce and are urgently needed to be conducted to assess the adverse impacts on ecology and human health. Here, we conducted a bacteriological study on two representative human commensal bacteria, Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), to investigate the effect of LCMs at human-relevant dosage and maximum environmental concentration on growth, metabolome, enzymatic activity, and mRNA expression. Microbial growth results exhibited that the highest inhibition ratio of LCMs on S. epidermidis reached 33.6% in our set concentration range, while the corresponding data on E. coli was only 14.3%. Additionally, LCMs showed more dose-dependent toxicity to S. epidermidis rather than E. coli. A novel in vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was applied to capture the in vivo metabolites of microorganisms. In vivo metabolomic analyses revealed that dysregulated fatty acid metabolism-related products of both bacteria accounted for >50% of the total number of differential substances, and the results also showed the species-specific and concentration-dependent metabolic dysregulation in LCM-exposed bacteria. The determination of enzymatic activity and mRNA relative expression levels related to oxidative stress confirmed our speculation that the adverse effects were related to the oxidative metabolism of fatty acids. This study complements the gaps in toxicity data for LCMs against bacteria and provides a new and important insight regarding metabolic dysregulation induced by environmental LCMs in human commensal bacteria.

Enhancing Photosynthesis Efficiency of Hydrogen Peroxide by Modulating Side Chains to Facilitate Water Oxidation at Low-Energy Barrier Sites.

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a crucial oxidant in advanced oxidation processes. In situ, photosynthesis of it in natural water holds the promise of practical application for water remediation. However, current photosynthesis of H2O2 systems primarily relies on oxygen reduction, leading to limited performance in natural water with low dissolved oxygen or anaerobic conditions found in polluted water. Herein, a novel photocatalyst based on conjugated polymers with alternating electron donor-acceptor structures and electron-withdrawing side chains on electron donors is introduced. Specifically, carbazole functions as the electron donor, triazine serves as the electron acceptor, and cyano acts as the electron-withdrawing side chain. Notably, the photocatalyst exhibits a remarkable solar-to-chemical conversion of 0.64%, the highest reported in natural water. Furthermore, even in anaerobic conditions, it achieves an impressive H2O2 photosynthetic efficiency of 1365 µmol g-1 h-1, surpassing all the reported photosynthetic systems of H2O2. This remarkable improvement is attributed to the effective relocation of the water oxidation active site from a high-energy carbazole to a low-energy acetylene site mediated by the side chains, resulting in enhanced O2 or H2O2 generation from water. This breakthrough offers a new avenue for efficient water remediation using advanced oxidation technologies in oxygen-limited environments, holding significant implications for environmental restoration.

Nitrogen-rich covalent organic framework as a practical coating for effective determinations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are high-profile organic pollutants to be poisonous, carcinogenic, and mutagenic, and widely distributed at trace levels in the environment. In order to effectively enrich PAHs, two stable covalent organic frameworks (COFs, TAPT-OMe-PDA and TPB-DMTP) were prepared by combining 2,4,6-tri(4-aminophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine (TAPT) and 1,3,5-tri(4-aminophenyl) benzene (TAPB) with 2,5-dimethoxy-phenyl-1,4-diformaldehyde (OMe-PDA), respectively. Even though the surface area of TAPT-OMe-PDA was much lower than that of TPB-DMTP, it still demonstrated much better extraction efficiencies towards PAHs as the solid phase microextraction (SPME) coating. Therefore, the TAPT-OMe-PDA coated fiber was coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to establish a practical and sensitive method, after the extraction parameters (extraction time, extraction temperature, desorption temperature, desorption time, salt concentration and pH) were optimized. This developed analytical method showed wide linear ranges, low limits of detection, good repeatability and reproducibility. Finally, five PAHs in three water samples were detected and quantified precisely (2.72-38.7 ng·L-1) with satisfactory recoveries (88.3%-118%).

The paradigm for exceptional iodine capture by nonporous amorphous electron-deficient cyclophanes.

Nuclear power emerges as a beacon of hope in tackling the energy crisis. However, the emission of radioactive iodine originating from nuclear waste and accidents poses a serious danger to nature and human well-being. Therefore, it becomes imperative to urgently develop suitable adsorbents capable of iodine capture and long-term storage. It's generally recognized that achieving high iodine capture efficiency necessitates the presence of electron-rich pores/cavities that facilitate charge-transfer (CT) interactions, as well as effective sorption sites capable of engaging in lone pair interactions with iodine. In this study, an unprecedented iodine capture paradigm by nonporous amorphous electron-deficient tetracationic cycloalkanes in vapor and aqueous solutions is revealed, overturning preconceived notions of iodine trapping materials. A newly reported tetracationic cyclophane, BPy-Box4+, exhibited an exceptional iodine vapor sorption capacity of 3.99 g g-1, remarkable iodine removal efficiency in aqueous media, and outstanding reusability. The iodine capture mechanism is unambiguously elucidated by theoretical calculations and the single-crystal structures of cyclophanes with a gradual increase in iodine content, underlining the vital role of host-guest (1:1 or 1:2) interactions for the enhanced iodine capture. The current study demonstrates a new paradigm for enhanced iodine capture by nonporous amorphous electron-deficient cyclophanes through host-guest complexation.

High-performance plastic-derived metal-free catalysts for organic pollutants degradation via Fenton-like reaction.

The preparation of waste plastics-derived catalysts is an effective strategy for the waste reclamation. However, plastic-derived material is unsuitable for wastewater purification due to its small specific surface area (SSA) and inadequate active sites (such as N/O sites). Herein, we synthesized graphene-like nanosheets using g-C3N4 as the self-sacrificing soft template and plastic as the carbon precursor. Consequently, this strategy greatly promoted the efficiencies of the emerging organic pollutants degradation with the SSA and N content of the plastic-derived biochar increasing up to 1043.4 m2/g and 17.53 at.%, respectively. In detail, 100 % sulfadiazine (SD) removal could be achieved in 180 s via the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and the catalytic activity is far higher than previous research. Mechanism experiments corroborated that such a striking performance was attributed to the generation of SO4•-, O2•- and 1O2. Meanwhile, kinds of plastic precursors, even medical waste (i.e., masks, gauze, operating caps and degreasing cotton) were also applicable. And the practical application of the plastic-derived catalyst was further demonstrated by treating pollutants in a continuous flow mode with in situ fabricated membrane. This work provides valuable insights into waste plastics processing and water pollutants removal.

Size-dependent vector effect of microplastics on the bioaccumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls in tilapia: A tissue-specific study.

Microplastics play a significant role in interactions between organisms and hydrophobic organic contaminants (HOCs), leading to a joint toxic effect on aquatic organisms. This study extensively investigated the tissue-specific accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) resulting from different sized microplastics in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) using a passive dosing device. Based on biological feeding behavior considerations, 1 mm and 2 µm polystyrene (PS) microplastics with concentrations of 2 and 5 mg L-1 were investigated. A physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model was applied to evaluate the exchange kinetics and fluxes among the tissues. Moreover, an in vitro simulation experiment was conducted to theoretically validate the vector effect. The findings demonstrated that the effects caused by HOCs and microplastics on organisms were influenced by multiple factors such as size and surface properties. The mass transfer kinetics of HOCs in specific tissues were closely related to their adsorption capacity and position microplastics could reach. Specifically, although 2 µm microplastics exhibited high adsorption capacity for PCBs, they were only retained in the intestines and did not significantly contribute to the bioaccumulation of PCBs in gills or muscle. While 1 mm microplastics were ingested but just paused in the mouth and subsequently flew through the gills with oral mucus. Their vector effects increased the desorption of microplastic-bound PCB-118 in the gill mucus microcosm, thereby facilitating the mass transfer and accumulation of PCB-118 in gills and muscle. This study sheds new light on how the size-dependent vector generated by microplastics affects the tissue-specific accumulation of HOCs in aquatic organisms.

[Research progress of stationary phase of gas chromatography based on chiral organic frameworks].

Enantiomers typically show different pharmacological, toxicological, and physiological properties. Thus, the preparation of enantiopure compounds is of great significance for human health and sustainable development. Compared with asymmetric catalysis, enantiomeric separation is simpler, faster, and more efficient; as such, it has become the preferred method for obtaining pure enantiomers. At present, enantiomeric separation methods mainly include chromatography, nanochannel membrane separation, selective adsorption, and recrystallization. In particular, gas chromatography (GC) plays an important role in enantioseparation because of its high sensitivity, excellent reproducibility, and outstanding processing capacity for various enantiomers. The stationary phase is key to the separation efficiency of GC, and more efficient, stable, and cost-effective materials that could serve as stationary phases are constantly being explored. Organic frameworks, such as covalent organic frameworks (COFs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), porous organic cages (POCs), metal-organic cages (MOCs), and hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs), possess large specific surface areas, high porosities, tunable pore sizes, and easy functionalization, rendering them promising candidates for the separation of mixed analytes. Research has shown that the use of organic frameworks as stationary phases for GC results in excellent column efficiency and high resolution for various analytes, including n-alkanes, n-alcohols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, positional isomers, and organic fluorides. Furthermore, organic frameworks can be prepared as chiral stationary phases for GC by the intelligent introduction of a chiral moiety, thereby enabling the efficient separation of enantiomers. Synthetic strategies for chiral organic frameworks are primarily categorized as post-synthesis or bottom-up approaches. In general, the post-synthesis strategy can introduce various chiral sites to the framework; however, the distribution of chiral sites may not be uniform, and the ordered framework may be destroyed during the post-synthesis process. The bottom-up strategy allows for the uniform and precise distribution of chiral sites in the framework, but the synthesis of chiral monomers and the constraint between asymmetry and crystallinity limit its development. Chiral induction has been proposed as an alternative strategy for synthesizing chiral organic frameworks. The use of this strategy has led to the successful preparation of organic frameworks with abundant chiral sites and excellent crystallinity. Dynamic coating and in situ growth are the main approaches used to transform the as-prepared chiral organic frameworks into stationary phases. Notably, the in situ growth approach can yield chiral COF/MOF-coated capillary columns that provide high resolution for the separation of enantiomers with excellent repeatability and reproducibility. Nevertheless, owing to the slightly complex pretreatment process and the difficulty of synthesizing chiral organic frameworks, the in situ growth approach has not yet been widely applied. Owing to their excellent solvent processing performance, POCs, MOCs, and HOFs can be easily coated on the inner walls of columns to form membranes via dynamic or static coating. A series of enantiomers have been successfully separated and analyzed by immobilizing chiral COFs, MOFs, POCs, MOCs, and HOFs on GC capillary columns, demonstrating the great potential of chiral organic frameworks for enantiomeric separation. In general, the mechanisms by which chiral organic frameworks recognize enantiomers could be mainly categorized as van der Waals interactions, hydrogen bonding, π-π interactions, and size-exclusion effects. While molecular simulations can offer some insights into these recognition mechanisms, clarifying these mechanisms based on effective characterization remains challenging. In summary, organic frameworks show outstanding advantages for enantiomer separation. Given breakthroughs in synthetic strategies for chiral organic frameworks and the in-depth study of chiral recognition mechanisms, chiral organic frameworks may be expected to become an important aspect in the field of chiral materials, further realizing the large-scale analysis and production of chiral analytes. A total of 64 references, most of which are from the American Chemical Society, Springer Nature, Wiley Online Library, and Elsevier databases, are cited in this review.