RESUMEN
The current investigation was conducted on gres porcelain stoneware, a robust, impermeable and aesthetically pleasing type of ceramic mainly used for flooring, characterizing its resistance to bending and low-velocity impact, both representative efforts to which flooring tiles are constantly subjected as a consequence of the fall of objects and microsubsidences. The mechanical characterization was made through experimental tests following an adapted low-velocity impact testing routine, and the model was by validated numerical simulation through the explicit code software LS-DYNA based on the Johnsonâ»Holmquist constitutive material model. Specimens were tested before and after an annealing cycle industrially used to allow porcelain folding. The thermal treatment demonstrated to infer a decrease in mechanical resistance on the material, understood as a consequence of its elevated maximum temperature and fast cooling rate. The numerical model calibrated successfully allows predicting the behavior of gres porcelain before and after annealing against low-velocity impact.
RESUMEN
In the present study, glass foams made of ground soda-lime glass obtained from transparent glass bottles and dolomite were investigated. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the influence of the heating rate on the microstructure of the obtained material and on its properties. The technological characterization of the ceramic bodies involved the determination of the volumetric expansion and average diameter of the pore. The microstructure was investigated by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental results showed that the heating rate influenced both the volumetric expansion and the average diameter of the pore. Lower heating rates resulted in lower volumetric expansions since more CO(2) escaped from within the ceramic body.
