Uso do Reiki em pesquisa no ambiente hospitalar: relato de experiência / Use of Reiki in hospital research: experience report / Uso de Reiki en investigación en el entorno hospitalario: relato de experiencia

Objetivo: relatar o uso do Reiki para pesquisa no ambiente hospitalar em um ensaio clínico randomizado. Método: relato de experiência sobre a aplicação do Reiki em uma pesquisa realizada a partir de um estudo piloto e um ensaio clínico randomizado para avaliação da efetividade da técnica para redução da ansiedade no pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Resultados: o Reiki foi utilizado com um protocolo padronizado aplicado em duas sessões, sendo a primeira,três dias antes da cirurgia cardíaca e a segunda na véspera. Os indicadores da execução do estudo randomizado (percentual de recusa, percentual de randomização, perda de seguimento e percentual de conclusão do estudo) mostraram boa exequibilidadee aceitação do público para a intervenção. Considerações finais: o Reiki mostrou-se como uma intervenção não farmacológica disponível para enfermeiros com boa aceitação para pacientes internados em perioperatório com potencial para ser utilizado em novos estudos.

Objective:to report the use of Reiki in hospital researchin a randomized clinical trial. Method: experience report on the use of Reiki in a research carried out in two moments -a pilot study and a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of the technique to reduce preoperative anxiety. Results: Reiki was applied for a standardized protocol in two sessions, the first three days before heart surgery and the day before. The indicators of the execution of the randomized trial (percentage of refusal, percentage of randomization, loss to follow-up and percentage of completion of the study) showed good feasibility and public acceptance for the intervention. Conclusions: Reiki proved to be a non-pharmacological intervention available to nurses with good acceptance for perioperative hospitalized patients with the potential to be used in new studies.

Objetivo:reportar el uso de Reiki para la investigación en el ambiente hospitalario en un ensayo clínico aleatorizado. Método:se trata de un relato de experiencia sobre el uso de Reiki en una investigación realizada en dos momentos -un estudio piloto (y un ensayo clínico aleatorizado para evaluar la efectividad de la técnica para reducir la ansiedad preoperatoria. Resultados: se utilizó Reiki mediante un protocolo estandarizado aplicado en dos sesiones, los primeros tres días antes de la cirugía cardíaca y el día anterior. Los indicadores de ejecución del ensayo aleatorizado (porcentaje de rechazo, porcentaje de aleatorización, pérdidas durante el seguimiento y porcentaje de finalización del estudio) mostraron buena viabilidad y aceptación pública de la intervención. Conclusiones: Reiki demostró ser una intervención no farmacológica disponible para enfermeras con buena aceptación para pacientes hospitalizados perioperatorios con potencial para ser utilizada en nuevos estudios.

Efetividade da terapia Reiki para ansiedade pré-operatória na cirurgia cardíaca: ensaio clínico randomizado / Efectividad de la terapia de reiki para ansiedad preoperatoria en cirugía cardíaca: ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Effectiveness of Reiki therapy for preoperative anxiety in cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a efetividade de um protocolo de Reiki nos níveis de ansiedade no período pré-operatório de cirurgia cardíaca. Métodos Ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado realizado em um hospital universitário de referência em cardiologia entre junho e dezembro de 2021. Foi realizada randomização em bloco e alocação por sorteio com envelopes selados opacos em dois grupos: Controle (n=44; não submetido a intervenção) e Intervenção (n=44; submetido a duas sessões de Reiki três dias antes e na véspera da cirurgia). Os desfechos principais (ansiedade, bem-estar e tensão muscular) foram avaliados ao longo das sessões usando um modelo de efeitos mistos. Para avaliar o tamanho do efeito foram calculados os valores parciais de eta quadrado (η2p). Resultados Foram determinadas as diferenças nos escores de ansiedade (+2,7 pontos a mais para o controle), bem-estar (-0,78) e tensão muscular (1,27), sendo consideradas estatisticamente significativas (p<0,001). Na análise do tamanho do efeito, o experimento distinguiu melhor a variação na variável ansiedade (η2p=0,74) que nas outras duas variáveis (η2p=0,14; η2p=0,23). Conclusão O estudo oferece evidência favorável para efetividade do Reiki no controle da ansiedade pré-operatória de cirurgia cardíaca.

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar la efectividad de un protocolo de reiki en los niveles de ansiedad en el período preoperatorio de cirugías cardíacas. Métodos Ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado, realizado en un hospital universitario de referencia en cardiología entre junio y diciembre de 2021. La aleatorización se realizó por bloques y la asignación por sorteo con sobres cerrados opacos en dos grupos: Control (n=44, sin intervención) y Experimental (n=44, sometidos a dos sesiones de reiki, una tres días antes y otra en la víspera de la cirugía). Los criterios de valoración principales (ansiedad, bienestar y tensión muscular) fueron evaluados a lo largo de las sesiones, mediante un modelo de efectos mixtos. Para evaluar el tamaño del efecto se calcularon los valores parciales de eta cuadrado (η2p). Resultados Se observaron diferencias en la puntuación de ansiedad (+2,7 puntos más en el grupo de control), bienestar (-0,78) y tensión muscular (1,27), consideradas estadísticamente significativas (p<0,001). En el análisis del tamaño del efecto, el estudio percibió mejor la variación en la variable ansiedad (η2p=0,74) que en las otras dos variables (η2p=0,14; η2p=0,23). Cirugía El estudio ofrece evidencias favorables para la efectividad del reiki en el control de la ansiedad preoperatoria de cirugías cardíacas. Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos: RBR-2nhgvn6

Abstract Objective To assess the effectiveness of a Reiki protocol on anxiety levels in the preoperative period of cardiac surgery. Methods This is a controlled and randomized clinical trial carried out in a university reference hospital in cardiology between June and December 2021. Chunk randomization and allocation by draw with opaque sealed envelopes were carried out in two groups: Control (n=44; not subjected to intervention); and Intervention (n=44; submitted to two Reiki sessions three days before and the day before surgery). The main outcomes (anxiety, well-being and muscle tension) were assessed across sessions using a mixed effects model. To assess the effect size, partial eta squared (η2p) values were calculated. Results Differences in anxiety scores (+2.7 points more than the control), well-being (-0.78) and muscle tension (1.27) were determined, being considered statistically significant (p<0.001). In analyzing the effect size, the experiment better distinguished the variation in the anxiety variable (η2p=0.74) than in the other two variables (η2p=0.14; η2p=0.23). Conclusion The study offers favorable evidence for the effectiveness of Reiki in controlling preoperative anxiety after cardiac surgery. Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry: RBR-2nhgvn6

Uso da prática baseada em evidências por docentes de enfermagem: estudo do tipo survey / Use of evidence-based practice by nursing teachers: a survey study

OBJETIVO: Identificar o uso da prática baseada em evidências (PBE) por docentes de enfermagem de Instituições de Ensino Superior no Brasil. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo de abordagem quantitativa. A coleta de dados se deu por meio eletrônico utilizando instrumento "Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire", sendo enviado para a lista de contatos de docentes de instituições de graduação de enfermagem de diferentes estados brasileiros. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 117 docentes de 17 estados do Brasil, com taxa de resposta de 21,3%. Dos 86,3% dos respondentes informaram abordar a PBE no ensino de enfermagem, atuaram como enfermeiro previamente (91,4%) e possuem como nível máximo de escolaridade o doutorado (57,2%). Nos domínios atitudes, conhecimento e habilidade sobre a PBE obteve-se escore elevado acima de 80%. CONCLUSÃO: os participantes abordam a PBE no ensino em que atuam; apresentam atitudes positivas e conhecimento relacionado à PBE de acordo com os escores utilizados.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the use of evidence-based practice (PBE) by nursing teachers of higher education institutions in Brazil. METHOD: Descriptive study of quantitative approach. The data collection took place electronically using the instrument "Evidence-Based Practice Questionnaire", sent to the contact list of professors of undergraduate nursing institutions from different Brazilian states. RESULTS: 117 professors from 17 states of Brazil participated in the study, with a response rate of 21.3%. Of the 86.3% of the respondents reported approaching PBE in nursing education, acting as a nurse previously (91.4%), and having a doctorate as a maximum level of education (57.2%). In the domains of attitudes, knowledge, and skill about PBE, a high score above 80% was obtained. CONCLUSION: the participants approach PBE in the teaching in which they work; they present positive attitudes and knowledge related to PBE according to the scores used.

COVID-19 Infodemic and Impacts on the Mental Health of Older People: Cross-sectional Multicenter Survey Study.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic received widespread media coverage due to its novelty, an early lack of data, and the rapid rise in deaths and cases. This excessive coverage created a secondary "infodemic" that was considered to be a serious public and mental health problem by the World Health Organization and the international scientific community. The infodemic particularly affected older individuals, specifically those who are vulnerable to misinformation due to political positions, low interpretive and critical analysis capacity, and limited technical-scientific knowledge. Thus, it is important to understand older people's reaction to COVID-19 information disseminated by the media and the effect on their lives and mental health. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to describe the profile of exposure to COVID-19 information among older Brazilian individuals and the impact on their mental health, perceived stress, and the presence of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). METHODS: This cross-sectional, exploratory study surveyed 3307 older Brazilians via the web, social networks, and email between July 2020 and March 2021. Descriptive analysis and bivariate analysis were performed to estimate associations of interest. RESULTS: Major proportions of the 3307 participants were aged 60 to 64 years (n=1285, 38.9%), female (n=2250, 68.4%), and married (n=1835, 55.5%) and self-identified as White (n=2364, 71.5%). Only 295 (8.9%) had never started or completed a basic education. COVID-19 information was mainly accessed on television (n=2680, 81.1%) and social networks (n=1943, 58.8%). Television exposure was ≥3 hours in 1301 (39.3%) participants, social network use was 2 to 5 hours in 1084 (32.8%) participants, and radio exposure was ≥1 hour in 1223 (37%) participants. Frequency of exposure to social networks was significantly associated with perceived stress (P=.04) and GAD (P=.01). A Bonferroni post hoc test revealed significantly different perceived stress in participants who were exposed to social networks for 1 hour (P=.04) and those who had no exposure (P=.04). A crude linear regression showed that "some" social media use (P=.02) and 1 hour of exposure to social media (P<.001) were associated with perceived stress. Adjusting for sociodemographic variables revealed no associations with this outcome variable. In a crude logistic regression, some social media use (P<.001) and 2 to 5 hours of exposure to social media (P=.03) were associated with GAD. Adjusting for the indicated variables showed that some social network use (P<.001) and 1 hour (P=.04) and 2 to 5 hours (P=.03) of exposure to social media were associated with GAD. CONCLUSIONS: Older people, especially women, were often exposed to COVID-19-related information through television and social networks; this affected their mental health, specifically GAD and stress. Thus, the impact of the infodemic should be considered during anamnesis for older people, so that they can share their feelings about it and receive appropriate psychosocial care.

Organizational factors and safe food handling by food service workers: a scoping review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review is to explore and map the scientific evidence on organizational factors related to safe food handling by food service workers to prevent foodborne disease. INTRODUCTION: According to the World Health Organization, more than 600 million people become ill each year due to foodborne diseases. Improper food handling is one of the main causes of such diseases. Despite the growing literature on safe food handling, many studies focus on assessing and discussing cognitive variables, such as food safety knowledge. This indicates a need to study this topic from a new perspective, for example, through its organizational factors. INCLUSION CRITERIA: The review will include quantitative and qualitative studies on food handlers (ie, individuals who have direct or indirect contact with food during their professional duties) working in food services (ie, institutional or commercial establishments). Food handlers involved in industrial processing, planting, harvesting, or working on the street (street food) or in the home will be excluded. Eligible studies will explore the organizational factors of safe food handling that influence employee behavior regarding food production. METHODS: This review will use the JBI methodology for scoping reviews to identify published and unpublished studies in all languages, with no date limit. The following databases will be searched: Scopus, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Food Science and Technology Abstracts. A structured search for gray literature will also be conducted. Titles, abstracts, and full texts of articles will be screened by 2 independent reviewers for inclusion, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Data will be extracted using a standardized form. The results will be summarized in tabular or graphical format, accompanied by a narrative summary. KEY DETAILS OF THIS REVIEW PROJECT ARE AVAILABLE IN OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK: https://osf.io/hxfe4.

Surgical counting: design of implementation and maintenance of a standardized evidence-based procedure.

OBJECTIVES: to report the implementation and maintenance of an evidence-based Standard Operating Procedure for surgical counting performed at a teaching hospital. METHODS: a report of a project to implement evidence for surgical counting, carried out at a university hospital in December 2017, and the subsequent cycles for better performance of the implemented organizational document and maintenance of better results until March 2022. RESULTS: the report is divided into implementation project presentation and four other cycles after implementation, related to maintenance of improvements. It was possible to prepare a Standard Operating Procedure for Surgical Count, train the nursing team, carry out educational intervention for surgical teams. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: there was an improvement in complying with the standardized procedure at the first moment and worsening in the period related to the pandemic. New efforts began again, including a self-instructive online course combined with first-time strategies.

Ensino e aprendizagem com abordagem multissensorial na graduação em enfermagem: protocolo de revisão de escopo / Teaching and learning with a multisensory approach in undergraduate nursing education: scoping review protocol

OBJETIVO: Mapear estratégias e recursos instrucionais utilizados com abordagem multissensorial para o ensino presencial de graduandos em Enfermagem e resumir as discussões/conclusões dos autores em relação às repercussões do ensino com essa abordagem no processo de aprendizagem dos graduandos. MÉTODO: A metodologia Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) foi utilizada para o desenvolvimento deste protocolo e será empregada para conduzir e relatar a revisão. Não haverá restrição quanto ao idioma, data ou tipo de publicação. As fontes de informação incluirão PubMed, Cumulative Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Scopus, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science, Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), portal da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), ProQuest e cinco fontes de literatura cinzenta. Os softwares Rayyan e JBI SUMARI serão utilizados para a seleção dos estudos. A seleção dos títulos e resumos, leitura integral dos textos e extração de dados serão realizadas por dois revisores independentes, utilizando um instrumento elaborado e testado pelas autoras. Se necessário, um terceiro revisor será incluído. Os resultados serão apresentados em formato narrativo, diagramas ou tabelas.

OBJECTIVE: To describe instructional strategies and resources used with a multisensory approach for face-to-face teaching of undergraduate nursing students and to summarize the authors' discussions/conclusions regarding the impact of teaching with this approach on the student's learning process. METHOD: The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology was used to develop this protocol and will be used to conduct and report the scoping review. There will be no restrictions on language, date, or type of publication. Sources of information will include PubMed, Cumulative Index in Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Scopus, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Web of Science, Educational Resources Information Center (ERIC), Virtual Health Library (VHL) portal, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), ProQuest, and five sources of grey literature. Rayyan and JBI SUMARI software are used for study selection. Title and abstract screening, full-text reading, and data extraction will be performed by two independent reviewers using a tool developed and tested by the authors. If necessary, a third reviewer will be involved. The results will be presented in a narrative format, graphs, or tables.

Detección y barreras de medición del delirium en cuidado crítico: una revisión de alcance / Detecção e barreiras de mensuração do delirium em terapia intensiva: uma revisão de escopo / Detection and measurement barriers of delirium in the Intensive Care Unit: A scoping review

Objetivo: identificar las estrategias de enfermería para la detección de delirium y las barreras para su medición en la unidad de cuidado intensivo. Materiales y método: revisión de alcance a partir de la metodología del Instituto Joanna Briggs y el protocolo PRISMA-ScR, mediante una búsqueda en seis bases de datos con los términos "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care" y "critical care nursing" y la extracción del software SUMARI. Resultados: se seleccionaron 43 estudios para análisis y categorización en dos temáticas emergentes: "Herramientas de uso frecuente para la detección del delirium" y "Barreras reportadas por el personal de enfermería para la evaluación del delirium". Conclusiones: existe una gran variedad de herramientas validadas y estandarizadas para la detección del delirium en cuidado intensivo. No obstante, su uso es limitado en muchas ocasiones debido a las distintas barreras del paciente, el personal evaluador y el equipo multidisciplinar. Por ello, resulta importante entrenar al personal de salud para que esté familiarizado con el delirium, su detección y el uso de los múltiples instrumentos disponibles.

Objetivo: identificar as estratégias de enfermagem para detectar o delirium e as barreiras para sua mensuração na unidade de terapia intensiva. Materiais e método: revisão de escopo que seguiu a metodologia do Instituto Joanna Briggs e o protocolo Prisma-ScR, com busca em seis bases de dados, com os termos "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care" e "critical care nursing", e a extração no software SUMARI. Resultados: foram selecionados 43 estudos para a análise e categorização dos temas emergentes: "ferramentas de uso frequente para a detecção do delirium" e "barreiras apresentadas pela equipe de enfermagem para a avaliação do delirium". Conclusões: existe uma grande variedade de ferramentas validadas e padronizadas disponíveis para a detecção do delirium em terapia intensiva, no entanto seu uso é muitas vezes limitado devido às diferentes barreiras tanto do paciente quanto da equipe avaliadora e da equipe multidisciplinar. Por isso, é importante capacitar os profissionais de saúde para que se familiarizem com o delirium, sua detecção e o uso dos múltiplos instrumentos disponíveis.

Objective: To identify nursing strategies for the detection of delirium and the existing barriers for measuring this condition in the Intensive Care Unit. Materials and method: Scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and the PRISMA-ScR protocol through a research in six databases ­with the terms "delirium", "diagnosis", "nursing", "critical care", and "critical care nursing"­ and extraction in SUMARI software. Results: Forty-three studies were selected for analysis and categorization into two emerging themes: "Frequently used tools for delirium screening" and "Barriers by nursing staff for the evaluation of delirium". Conclusions: There is a wide variety of validated and standardized tools for the detection of delirium in intensive care. However, their use is often limited due to different barriers experienced by the patient, the evaluating staff, and the multidisciplinary team. Therefore, it is important to train health personnel so that they are familiar with delirium, its detection, and the use of the available instruments.

Pressure injury prevention in adult critically ill patients: best practice implementation project.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed compliance with the best practices for pressure injury prevention among ICU patients at a tertiary hospital in São Paulo, Brazil. INTRODUCTION: Intensive care patients are at high risk of developing a pressure injury; preventing this requires a best practice protocol. METHOD: This best practice implementation project was conducted in a Brazilian tertiary hospital in three phases following the JBI Model of Evidence-based Healthcare. Ten criteria derived from the best available evidence were audited and monitored before and after best practice implementation. RESULTS: The baseline and follow-up audits evaluated 28 patients at each step. A total of 448 h of care were analyzed using a monitoring camera and medical records. Compliance with all 10 audited criteria increased, with a 50% reduction in the prevalence of pressure injuries in intensive care. Of the 223 employees, 71% claimed to have some knowledge of pressure injury prevention, and 66% reported adequate adherence to prevention protocols. CONCLUSION: The audit and feedback strategy improved compliance with the criteria. Future audits are needed to promote the sustainability of evidence-based practice.

Person-centered care approach to prevention and management of falls among adults and aged in a Brazilian hospital: a best practice implementation project.

OBJECTIVES: The objective is to assess compliance with evidence-based criteria regarding a person-centered care approach to the prevention and management of falls among adults and the elderly in a Brazilian private hospital. METHODS: This project used the JBI audit and feedback method to implement evidence into practice. The JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice audit tools have been used to promote changes in oncology and medical-surgical wards. The implementation protocol was designed based on the primary barriers and facilitators identified in the baseline audit, along with a training program and changes in the electronic medical records. Nursing documentation available in medical records, interviews with nurses who worked in oncology and medical-surgical wards, and interviews with patients admitted in oncology and medical-surgical wards were used to assess the baseline and follow-up audit compliance rates. RESULTS: The baseline and follow-up audits showed improvement for criteria 3 and 9 (100%) and criteria 6 and 7 (97%), respectively. The compliance for criteria 4 (97.6%), 5 (76.7%), and 8 (18%) showed slight variations from baseline and follow-up audits. Compliance for criteria 1 (76.9%) and 2 (63.3%) decreased in the follow-up audit. CONCLUSION: These findings support that baseline, and follow-up audits allied to a fall training program and changes in the electronic nursing records increase the compliance rates related to evidence-based practice regarding a person-centered care approach to preventing and managing falls. We will implement new strategies according to the best practices to achieve better outcomes.

Surgical counting: design of implementation and maintenance of a standardized evidence-based procedure / Conteo quirúrgico: diseño de implementación y mantenimiento de un procedimiento estandarizado basado en evidencia / Contagem cirúrgica: projeto de implementação e manutenção de um procedimento padronizado baseado em evidências

ABSTRACT Objectives: to report the implementation and maintenance of an evidence-based Standard Operating Procedure for surgical counting performed at a teaching hospital. Methods: a report of a project to implement evidence for surgical counting, carried out at a university hospital in December 2017, and the subsequent cycles for better performance of the implemented organizational document and maintenance of better results until March 2022. Results: the report is divided into implementation project presentation and four other cycles after implementation, related to maintenance of improvements. It was possible to prepare a Standard Operating Procedure for Surgical Count, train the nursing team, carry out educational intervention for surgical teams. Final Considerations: there was an improvement in complying with the standardized procedure at the first moment and worsening in the period related to the pandemic. New efforts began again, including a self-instructive online course combined with first-time strategies.

RESUMEN Objetivos: relatar la implementación y mantenimiento de un Procedimiento Operativo Estandarizado basado en evidencia para el conteo quirúrgico realizado en un hospital universitario. Métodos: este es un informe de un proyecto de implementación de evidencias para el conteo quirúrgico, realizado en un hospital universitario, iniciado en diciembre de 2017, y los ciclos posteriores para un mejor desempeño del documento organizacional implementado y mantenimiento de mejores resultados hasta marzo de 2022. Resultados: el informe se divide en una presentación del proyecto de implementación de evidencias y otros cuatro ciclos posteriores a la implementación, relacionados con el mantenimiento de las mejoras. Se logró elaborar el documento Procedimiento Operativo Estándar para el Recuento Quirúrgico en el hospital, capacitar al equipo de enfermería, realizar intervención educativa para los equipos quirúrgicos. Consideraciones Finales: hubo una mejora en la adherencia al procedimiento estandarizado en el primer momento y un empeoramiento en el período relacionado con la pandemia. Los nuevos esfuerzos comenzaron nuevamente incluyendo un curso en línea autoinstructivo combinado con estrategias para la primera vez.

RESUMO Objetivos: relatar a implementação e manutenção de um Procedimento Operacional Padronizado baseado em evidências, para contagem cirúrgica, realizado em hospital universitário. Métodos: trata-se de relato de um projeto de implementação de evidências para contagem cirúrgica, realizado em um hospital universitário, iniciado em dezembro de 2017, e os ciclos subsequentes para melhor desempenho do documento organizacional implementado e manutenção de melhores resultados até março de 2022. Resultados: o relato está dividido em uma apresentação do projeto de implementação de evidências e mais quatro outros ciclos após a implementação, relacionados à manutenção das melhorias. Foi possível elaborar o documento Procedimento Operacional Padrão para a Contagem Cirúrgica no hospital, treinar a equipe de enfermagem, realizar intervenção educativa para as equipes cirúrgicas. Considerações Finais: houve melhora na adesão ao procedimento padronizado no primeiro momento e piora no período relacionado à pandemia. Novos esforços recomeçaram incluindo curso online autoinstrutivo aliado às estratégias do primeiro momento.

Lived Experiences of Nursing Professionals Providing Care to COVID-19 Patients / Experiencias y vivencias de profesionales de enfermería en el cuidado a pacientes con covid-19 / Experiências e vivências de profissionais de enfermagem no cuidado a pacientes com covid-19

Abstract Objective: To analyze nursing professionals' reports on their lived experience in the care provided to hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This is an exploratory study using a qualitative analysis, which included twelve nurses and eight nursing technicians from a public hospital in Brazil, conducted between December 2020 and February 2021. The inclusion criteria were professionals who provided care to COVID-19 patients in emergency, intensive care, and inpatient units and who had at least one year of experience in the institution. The interviews were analyzed through content and similarity analysis that generated a similarity tree; the Reinert method was used for thematic categories. Results: Most participants were female, with a mean age of 34.15 years and 4.85 years of experience. From the analysis, the words 'patient,' 'to stay,' and 'to find' were the most frequent, and for the categories, they were "nursing professionals' feelings regarding the pandemic," "the nurses' role and work with the multi-professional team in the care provided to patients with COVID-19," "precautions with the care provided to patients with COVID-19," and "nursing professionals' concern that their family members may become ill during the pandemic." Conclusions: The nursing staff is predominantly composed of females and, in their reports on the lived experience of providing care to patients with COVID-19, they pointed out that concern and fear were prevalent, with the family being one of the protective factors to withstand the risks of working against something novel that may result in death.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar los relatos de profesionales de enfermería sobre la experiencia y vivencia en la asistencia brindada a los pacientes hospitalizados con covid-19. Materiales y método: estudio exploratorio, con análisis cualitativo, en el que participaron 12 enfermeros y ocho técnicos de enfermería de un hospital público en Brasil, realizado entre diciembre de 2020 y febrero de 2021. Como criterio de inclusión estaban profesionales que brindaban asistencia a pacientes con covid-19, en unidades de emergencia, de terapia intensiva y de hospitalización y al menos un año de experiencia en la institución. El análisis de las entrevistas por el análisis de contenido y por el análisis de similitud que generó un árbol de similitud y se utilizó el método Reinert para las categorías temáticas. Resultados: la mayoría de los participantes fue mujer, con promedio de 34,15 años y experiencia de 4,85 años. De los análisis, las palabras "paciente", "ficar" ("quedar") y "achar" ("crer") fueron las más frecuentes y las categorías "sentimientos de los profesionales de enfermería ante la pandemia"; "rol del enfermero y trabajo con el equipo multiprofesional en los cuidados al paciente con covid-19"; "cuidados en la atención al paciente con covid-19" y "preocupación de los profesionales de enfermería de que sus familiares se enfermaran durante la pandemia". Conclusiones: la enfermería es predominantemente constituida por mujeres y, en sus relatos sobre la experiencia y vivencia de cuidar a paciente con covid-19, señalaron que la preocupación y el miedo fueron predominantes, siendo la familia un de los factores protectores para soportar los riesgos de trabajar en contra algo nuevo y que puede culminar con la muerte.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar os relatos de profissionais de enfermagem sobre a experiência e vivência na assistência prestada aos pacientes hospitalizados com covid-19. Materiais e método: estudo exploratório, com análise qualitativa, do qual participaram 12 enfermeiros e oito técnicos de enfermagem de um hospital público no Brasil, realizado entre dezembro de 2020 e fevereiro de 2021. Como critério de inclusão estavam profissionais que prestavam assistência a pacientes com covid-19, em unidades de emergência, de terapia intensiva e de internação e pelo menos um ano de experiência na instituição. A análise das entrevistas pela análise de conteúdo e pela análise de similitude que gerou uma árvore de similitude e foi utilizado o método Reinert para as categorias temáticas. Resultados: a maioria dos participantes foi mulher, com média de 34,15 anos e experiência de 4,85 anos. Das análises, as palavras "paciente", "ficar" e "achar" foram as mais frequentes e as categorias "sentimentos dos profissionais de enfermagem ante a pandemia"; "papel do enfermeiro e trabalho com a equipe multiprofissional nos cuidados ao paciente com covid-19"; "cuidados no atendimento ao paciente com covid-19" e "preocupação dos profissionais de enfermagem de seus familiares adoecerem durante a pandemia". Conclusões: a enfermagem é predominantemente constituída por mulheres e, nos seus relatos sobre a experiência e a vivência de cuidar de paciente com covid-19, apontaram que a preocupação e o medo foram predominantes, sendo a família um dos fatores protetores para suportar os riscos de trabalhar contra algo novo e que pode culminar com a morte.

Effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation to prevent surgical site infections: A systematic review with meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: to assess the effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation with high FiO2 when compared to conventional FiO2 in the prevention of surgical site infection. METHOD: an effectiveness systematic review with meta-analysis conducted in five international databases and portals. The research was guided by the following question: Which is the effectiveness of supplemental oxygenation with high FiO2 (greater than 80%) when compared to conventional FiO2 (from 30% to 35%) in the prevention of surgical site infections in adults? RESULTS: fifteen randomized clinical trials were included. Although all the subgroups presented a general effect in favor of the intervention, colorectal surgeries had this relationship evidenced with statistical significance (I2=10%;X2=4.42; p=0.352). CONCLUSION: inspired oxygen fractions greater than 80% during the perioperative period in colorectal surgeries have proved to be effective to prevent surgical site infections, reducing their incidence by up to 27% (p=0.006). It is suggested to conduct new studies in groups of patients subjected to surgeries from other specialties, such as cardiac and vascular. PROSPERO registration No.: 178,453.

Infodemic of covid-19 and repercussions on the mental health of the elderly from São Paulo.

OBJECTIVE: To characterize and identify depressive symptoms, anxiety, and stress associated with the COVID-19 Infodemic in the elderly from São Paulo. METHOD: Exploratory and cross-sectional study with the elderly in the capital of São Paulo who had internet access. The sociodemographic profile, the COVID-19 infodemic, depressive symptoms, stress, and anxiety were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 411 older people participated in the study. There was a predominance of women (76.4%), with higher education (57.9%), using private health services, and with little income variation. Older people were more exposed to news or information about COVID-19 on the internet (45.3%), followed by television (34.5%), and radio (11.4%). The average stress was 19.96 points; 33.1% had anxiety, and 39.7% had depressive symptoms. The greater the number of people living with the elderly, the greater the stress (p = 0.001) and anxiety (p = 0.02). The hours of exposure to information on the internet led to stress (p = 0.001), depressive symptoms (p = 0.02), and anxiety (p = 0.02) in the elderly. CONCLUSION: During the pandemic, exposure to information on the internet triggered anxiety, stress, and depressive symptoms in the elderly. The findings highlight the need for multi and interdisciplinary interventions to mitigate such repercussions on the elderly's health.

Brazilian overview of nurses' training during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: To present the Brazilian panorama of the training of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: a cross-sectional study, carried out with 335 coordinators of undergraduate courses in Nursing and online data collection, between November 2020 and March 2021. RESULTS: All Brazilian states were represented. Of Higher Education Institutions, 52.5% adopted remote learning within 10 days after determining social distancing and 23% after 100 days; 73.4% kept the students in a mandatory curricular internship. Practical classes had a reduction in the number of students per group (46.0%). Most faculty and students were contaminated by SARS-CoV-2 and showed worsening in mental health. CONCLUSIONS: The study identified heterogeneity in the resumption of activities, through remote teaching, which mostly occurred synchronously. There was a resumption of curricular internships and practical classes in health services, with a limitation on the number of students per field.

Factors associated with reoperation due to bleeding and outcomes after cardiac surgery: a prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: Identify the incidence and factors associated with reoperation due to bleeding in the postoperative of a cardiac surgery, in addition to the clinical outcomes of patients. METHOD: Prospective cohort study, conducted in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU), with adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Patients diagnosed with coagulopathies were excluded. The patients were followed up from hospitalization to hospital discharge. RESULTS: A total of 682 patients were included, and the incidence of reoperation was 3.4%. The factors associated with reoperation were history of renal failure (p = 0.005), previous use of anticoagulant (p = 0.036), higher intraoperative heart rate (p = 0.015), need for transfusion of blood component during intraoperative (p = 0.040), and higher SAPS 3 score (p < 0.001). The outcomes associated with reoperation were stroke and cardiac arrest. CONCLUSÃO: Reoperation was an event associated with greater severity, organic dysfunction, and worse clinical outcomes, but there was no difference in mortality between the groups.

Advanced Practice Nursing in Brazil: how are we and what is missing?

OBJECTIVE: To reflect on the role and initiatives of the Brazilian Nursing Association (ABEn) and the Federal Nursing Council (Cofen) in the development, recognition, and regulation necessary to implement advanced practice nursing (APN) in Brazil. METHOD: This is a theoretical-reflective essay resulting from the roundtable discussion entitled "Regulation and recognition of advanced nursing practices in Brazil: how are we and what is missing" held in May 2021, at the III International Symposium on Adult Health. RESULTS: ABEn and Cofen are strategic partners to define the areas of activity of this specialization in Brazil. Nursing organizations are responsible for defining professional profiles and curricula, advanced practice nursing conditions, and adequacy of existing graduate courses aiming at technical support, political leadership, regulation, and construction of an APN foundation in Brazil. CONCLUSION: Brazil must broaden the national debate on APN, define a training model for it, and articulate efforts with all its strategic partners to build a theoretical, political, and labor framework for advanced practice nurses' full professional practice.

Control of airborne particles in surgical procedures during the Covid-19 pandemic: scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: To map the technical and managerial strategies for the management and reduction of airborne particles production in surgical procedures settings during the Covid-19 pandemic. METHOD: Scoping review, according to the Joana Briggs Institute methodology, based on documents indexed in MEDLINE, VHL, CINAHL Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and gray literature, published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish. All studies from indexed scientific journals and recommendations published by international agencies or academic associations from 2019 to January 2022 were considered. Findings were summarized and analyzed using descriptive statistics and narrative synthesis. RESULTS: Twenty-two studies were selected, 19 of which were published in English, two in Spanish, one in Portuguese, with a predominance of literature reviews. Findings were categorized into recommendations for the environment, the team, and the surgical technique. CONCLUSION: The review mapped the technical and managerial strategies for the management and reduction of the airborne particles production in surgical procedures settings. They involve from the use of personal protective equipment, training, anesthetic modality, airway manipulation, to the execution of the surgical technique.

Factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in Nursing professionals: a cross-sectional study. / Fatores associados à contaminação e internação hospitalar por COVID-19 em profissionais de enfermagem: estudo transversal.

OBJECTIVE: to identify factors associated with infection and hospitalization due to COVID-19 in nursing professionals. METHOD: a cross-sectional study carried out with 415 nursing professionals in a hospital specialized in cardiology. The sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, working conditions and issues related to illness due to COVID-19 were evaluated. Chi-Square, Fisher's, Wilcoxon, Mann-Whitney and Brunner Munzel tests were used in data analysis, as well as Odds Ratio for hospitalization, in addition to binary logistic regression. RESULTS: the rate of nursing professionals affected by COVID-19 was 44.3% and the factors associated with infection were the number of people living in the same household infected by COVID-19 (OR 36.18; p<0.001) and use of public transportation (OR 2.70; p=0.044). Having severe symptoms (OR 29.75), belonging to the risk group (OR 3.00), having tachypnea (OR 6.48), shortness of breath (OR 5.83), tiredness (OR 4.64), fever (OR 4.41) and/or myalgia (OR 3.00) increased the chances of hospitalization in professionals with COVID-19. CONCLUSION: living in the same household as other people with the disease and using public transportation increased the risk of infection by the new coronavirus. The factors associated with the hospitalization of contaminated professionals were presence of risk factors for the disease, severity and type of the symptoms presented.

Multisensory integration approach, cognitive domains, meaningful learning: reflections for undergraduate nursing education.

Teaching with a multisensory approach helps students link new information to prior knowledge and understand relationships between concepts. This study aimed to reflect on convergences between the Multisensory Integration Approach Model with the Learning Assimilation Theory and Meaningful Retention with Bloom's Cognitive Process Domain, and to propose a taxonomic table of lesson planning for teaching Acute Coronary Syndrome, considering the confluence of these references. The three frameworks consider the importance of students' prior knowledge, the process of abstraction and generalization of knowledge, and the relationship between working and long-term memory. By observing such convergences and the taxonomic table produced, it is observed that teaching topics of interest to nursing undergraduate students, adopting the Multisensory Integration Approach Model as a taxonomic table component (pre-organizing or recall activities to arouse different sensory perceptions aligned with instructional objectives and forms of assessment), in the light of the Learning Assimilation Theory and Meaningful Retention, has the potential to favor the reception and processing of instructional content.