Discovery and Development of Gaseous Nitric Oxide Under Increased Atmospheric Pressure as an Antimicrobial: In Vitro and In Vivo Testing of Nitric Oxide Against Multidrug-Resistant Organisms.

Gaseous nitric oxide under increased atmospheric pressure (gNOp) has shown ability to kill multidrug-resistant bacteria in an in vitro model and in a live mammalian (porcine) model. Factors impacting the kill rate of the multidrug-resistant bacteria include atmospheric pressures, concentration of gaseous NO, flow rate, and duration of application. Using successful in vitro parameters, gNOp showed multilog reduction of bacteria in a live mammalian (porcine) model. The in vitro testing system, using the EpiDerm-FT skin model (stem cell grown skin), was used to develop an infected wound model for Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant S aureus.