Granular cell tumour of the breast: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Breast granular cell tumour (GCT) is a rare but usually benign lesion. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of a woman with breast GCT. CONCLUSION: Clinically and radiologically, GCT may mimic breast carcinoma. A conclusive diagnosis is made after a histopathological examination of the lesion. The treatment of choice is surgery.

Diagnostic challenges of adenomyoepithelioma: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Breast adenomyoepithelioma is a very uncommon tumor, which is generally considered to be benign, however malignant transformation has been reported. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report two cases of two women with breast adenomyoepithelioma. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of adenomyoepithelioma is challenging because tumor may mimic other breast diseases. It has neither specific clinical signs nor radiological features, and the diagnosis is based on histopathological examination of the lesion. The treatment of choice is surgery. The type of surgery depends on the tumor factors and breast size. In malignant cases treatment such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy may be used as well. It is very important to give an adequate treatment, otherwise the risk of tumor recurrence, growth or even metastatic spread, when tumor has malignant potential, increases.

Intramuscular myxoma of the biceps brachii muscle: a case report.

Intramuscular myxoma (IM) is a rare benign tumour. It may occur at any age but most commonly occurs among older women. The preoperative diagnosis of IM is complicated. The diagnosis can only be definitively established by histopathological examination. The treatment of choice is radical surgical excision. We report a case of a 41-year-old woman with an IM of the biceps brachii muscle.

Challenging diagnosis of cervical vagal nerve schwannoma.

Schwannoma arising from vagal nerve is a rare tumour. It is a slow-growing, benign mass, but rarely it might undergo malignant transformation. We report a case of a 55-year-old woman with asymptomatic Xth cranial nerve schwannoma in the left side of the neck. Initially, during the ultrasound examination, the tumour was misconceived to be a malignant lymph node. The patient underwent complete surgical excision of it. Histopathological examination revealed typical features of schwannoma. Clinical diagnose of cervical vagal nerve schwannoma is difficult. Magnetic resonance imaging is as an accurate diagnostic tool for these tumours. Surgical excision is the treatment of choice.

Challenges in diagnosing an extraosseous Ewing sarcoma: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Ewing sarcoma is a highly malignant and rare tumour of bones and soft tissue. It may occur at any age, but it is more common in children and teenagers. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 56-year-old woman with EES involving the right iliac fossa. Previous abdominal trauma with retroperitoneal hematoma, nonspecific symptoms and unusual age for EES have caused diagnostics difficulties. The first histopathological examination misdiagnosed tumour to be a GIST, and just after the second surgery the accurate diagnosis of EES was made. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of ES sometimes is complicated and delayed. Prompt detailed examination and imaging studies should be performed to people with long lasting pain without trauma and other nonspecific symptoms, especially followed by a palpable mass. The treatment of EES is multimodal.

Rare case of visceral myopathy.

Visceral myopathy is a rare bowel disease affecting peristalsis and causing pseudo-obstruction. There is no specific treatment for chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction caused by visceral myopathy. We report a case of a 30-year-old woman with visceral myopathy who, due to unsuccessful conservative treatment, underwent surgery. However, few surgeries did not give the desired result and the patient still suffers from chronic constipation, abdominal distension and pain. The diagnosis of visceral myopathy is complicated. Neither conservative nor surgical treatment of visceral myopathy is associated with good results.

Diagnostic challenges of benign breast phyllodes tumour: A rapid-growing tumour during pregnancy caused breast loss. A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Phyllodes tumours are rare breast neoplasms. It is especially rare in pregnancy. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report a case of a 37-year-old woman with left breast benign phyllodes tumour, which started to grow very fast during pregnancy. The tumour was too big for breast-conserving surgery and it was necessary to remove the whole left breast. Patient underwent successful nipple-skin-sparing mastectomy with immediate silicone implant reconstruction. CONCLUSION: Breast phyllodes are classified as benign, borderline, and malignant. Standard treatment of breast phyllodes is surgery. The choice of surgery type depends on the tumour factors and breast size. We highlight that, inadequate treatment of phyllodes tumour can result to recurrence, growth, or even metastatic spread, when tumour has malignant potential.

Rare case of primary small-cell neuroendocrine breast carcinoma.

Small-cell breast cancer is a very rare and aggressive type of neuroendocrine carcinoma. Histologically, it is indistinguishable from small-cell neuroendocrine lung cancer. Due to that, patients with small-cell neuroendocrine breast cancer should undergo examination of other areas of the body. Small-cell breast cancer may be treated with a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. However, no standard treatment exists due to the small number of cases. We present a case of a 49-year-old woman with right breast primary small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma.

A case report of thoracic endometriosis - A rare cause of haemothorax.

INTRODUCTION: The presence of endometrial tissue in airways, pleura and lung parenchyma is called thoracic endometriosis syndrome (TES). It is a rare pathology, and typically consists of catamenial pneumothorax, haemothorax, haemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules. We report a case of a 36-year-old woman with thoracic endometriosis causing catamenial haemothorax. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of thoracic endometriosis is complicated and often delayed. TES should be suspected in a reproductive age woman with exacerbating symptoms during the menstruation. Treatment may be medical and surgical.

Intussusception of the Appendix and Ileum Endometriosis: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: Intussusception of the appendix is a very rare condition. It may clinically mimic acute or chronic abdominal diseases or can be asymptomatic. CASE REPORT: This paper describes our experience with intussusception of the appendix. We report a case of a female with appendiceal intussusception and ileum endometriosis. CONCLUSION: It is important to know about such a rare condition in order to avoid mistaking it with other abdominal diseases. However, diagnosis is rarely made preoperatively.