Biomedical Applications of Contemporary Ozone Technologies.

An overview of the state and development of ozone therapy technologies in modern biomedical applications, as well as relevant apparatus and equipment, is presented based on reports at the XV International Scientific Conference "Physics and Radioelectronics in Ecology and Medicine - PhREME'2022." Descriptions and technical characteristics of ozone generators used in various applications, from household to clinical use, are given. Data from a comparative analysis of the main parameters of Russian- and foreign-made equipment for ozone therapy, as well as examples of promising innovative developments, are addressed.

[Spleen removal in hematological patients with splenomegaly].

By large and giant volume of the spleen the mainstay of the surgery remains the open splenectomy. Splenomegaly stipulates certain difficulties and dangers of the procedure, mainly because the lack of the free space in the abdominal cavity. The maximally wide access, preliminary preparation and ligation of the splenic artery in situ and thorough separation of the spleen and pancreatic tail provide the safety and success of the operation. 374 splenectomies on the reason of the splenomegaly were analyzed. The standardization of the technique allowed the 2.5 times reduction of the postoperative complication rate (from 26.9 to 10.8%); the 1.8 times reduction of the intraoperative complication rate and the 17% reduction of the intraoperative blood loss. The postoperative pancreatitis was registered 4 times rare; the intraabdominal bleeding - 2 times rare and the frequency of the subphrenic abscess was 1.5 times lesser.

[Prevention of postoperative hypothyroidism in surgical treatment of diffuse toxic goiter]. / Profilaktika posleoperatsionnogo gipotireoza pri khirurgicheskom lechenii diffuznogo toksicheskogo zoba.

Experience of treatment of more than 1000 patients with diffuse toxic goiter (DTG) is presented. Complex of measures performed before and after operation for reduction of hypothyroidism rate is developed. Histology examination during operation permits to determine volume of residual thyroid tissue. Local laserotherapy improves long-term results of surgical treatment. Rate of postoperative hypothyroidism in patients with DTG has decreased from 43.6 to 3.3%.

[A rapid morphometric method for determining thyroid gland function]. / Uskorennyi morfometricheskii metod opredeleniia funktsional'noi shchitovidnoi zhelezy.

The incidence of postoperative hypothyrosis after subtotal resection of the thyroid for diffuse toxic goiter is rather high, 40-50% according to many authors. A method is suggested permitting assessment of the share of "active zones" during surgery. A certain amount of thyroid tissue is left with due consideration for this share, this amount being sufficient to attain an euthyroid state in the postoperative period.

[Ways to decrease postoperative hypothyroidism in patients with diffuse toxic goiter]. / Puti snizheniia posleoperatsionnogo gipotireoza u bol'nykh diffuznym toksicheskim zobom.

The authors note that postoperative hypothyrosis is observed much more often than recurrences of thyrotoxicosis in patients with diffuse toxic goiter. The incidence of hypothyrosis is associated with the amount of the remnants of tissue, its functional abilities, regeneration, state of the hormonal and immune systems of the organism. The authors describe their method of determining the mass of the thyroid residue. The incidence of hypothyrosis was reduced from 43 up to 18%.

[Prognosis in the surgical treatment of diffuse toxic goiter]. / Prognozirovanie rezultatov khirurgicheskogo lecheniia diffuznogo toksicheskogo zoba.

Reduction of the incidence of postoperative hyperthyroidism (POH) is one of the urgent problems of DTG surgery. According to Soviet authors, it reaches 48%. The authors take into account a complex consisting of the patient's age, the degree of thyrotoxicosis, and the results of emergency (intraoperative) histological study. A program was elaborated with due consideration for adequate preoperative examination, preparation of the patients for the operation, a standardized method with reliable determination of the mass of the thyroid residue, morphometric examination of the removed part of the thyroid, study of the late-term results and their comparison with the preoperative clinical picture. Intraoperative determination of the percentage of active zones and the presence of intrafollicular epithelium and lymphoid infiltration made it possible for the authors to reduce POH incidence from 43.5% to 2.8%.