Strategies for research capacity building by family physicians in primary healthcare: a scoping review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: The qualities of primary healthcare (PHC) make it a very relevant environment for research; however, there is still work to be done to enhance the research capabilities of family physicians in healthcare units. Considering there is no ongoing review that specifically addresses this objective, the proposed goal of this scoping review is to determine the depth of the literature on the current strategies that support research capacity building among family physicians in the context of PHC. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The scoping review will include studies from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and grey literature, published from 2008 to 2023, that address strategies to promote research capacity building among family physicians in the context of PHC. Only studies published in English, Portuguese or Spanish will be considered. All study designs, including quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies, will be eligible for inclusion. The literature search will be performed from January to March of 2024 and data charting will employ a descriptive-analytical method, systematically summarising study objectives, methodologies, findings and implications. This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Protocols and the review will employ the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This review does not need ethical approval. Peer-reviewed publications, policy summaries, presentations at conferences and involvement with pertinent stakeholders are all part of our outreach approach.

A formação em enfermagem de reabilitação em Portugal desde 2006 / Education/training in rehabilitation nursing in Portugal since 2006 / La formación en enfermería de rehabilitación en Portugal desde 2006

Resumo Enquadramento: Desde o início do século que se verifica uma diminuição da natalidade e maior envelhecimento populacional, existindo mais pessoas com incapacidade e dependência, exigindo cuidados de enfermagem mais especializados. Objetivo: Descrever a evolução na formação da especialidade em enfermagem de reabilitação. Metodologia: Recolha documental no Diário da República, com análise e interpretação hermenêutica das fontes com referência à especialidade de enfermagem de reabilitação, publicadas desde 2006. Resultados: Foram aprovados vários planos de estudo de pós-licenciatura de especialização e mestrado em enfermagem de reabilitação. Progressivamente, houve inclusão de unidades curriculares como Epidemiologia Estatística e Demografia, Aspetos Psicossociais da Incapacidade, Políticas e Modelos de Cuidados de Saúde e Estágios de Cuidados de Enfermagem de Reabilitação à Pessoa com Problemas Oncológicos e em Fim de Vida. Conclusão: A formação em enfermagem de reabilitação desenvolveu-se com influência das alterações políticas e sociodemográficas. Com os avanços tecnológicos, científicos e a evolução dos sistemas de saúde, os cuidados de enfermagem de reabilitação têm evoluído na inovação e formação, com enquadramento legal e nas competências específicas.

Abstract Background: Since the beginning of the 21st century, fertility rates have decreased and life expectancy has increased, with more people with disabilities and dependent on others requiring more specialized nursing care. Objective: To describe the evolution of education/training in rehabilitation nursing. Methodology: Documental search conducted in the Portuguese official journal (Diário da República), with hermeneutic analysis and interpretation of the sources on the specialty of rehabilitation nursing since 2006. Results: Several curricula of postgraduate specialization and master's degrees in rehabilitation nursing have been approved since 2006. Several course units were gradually integrated into the curricula, such as Statistical Epidemiology and Demography, Psychosocial Aspects of Disability, Health Care Policies and Models, and Internships in Rehabilitation Nursing Care for People with Cancer and at the End of Life. Conclusion: Education/training in rehabilitation nursing evolved under the influence of political and socio-demographic changes. With the technological and scientific advances and the evolution of health systems, rehabilitation nursing care has evolved in terms of innovation and education/training within a legal framework and based on specific competencies.

Resumen Marco contextual: Desde principios de siglo se ha producido un descenso de la natalidad y un mayor envejecimiento de la población, con más personas con discapacidad y dependencia, que requieren más cuidados especializados de enfermería. Objetivo: Describir la evolución en la formación de la especialidad en enfermería de rehabilitación. Metodología: Recopilación documental en el Diario de la República, con análisis e interpretación hermenéutica de las fuentes con referencia a la especialidad de enfermería de rehabilitación, publicadas desde 2006. Resultados: Se aprobaron varios planes de estudio de posgrado de especialización y máster en enfermería de rehabilitación. Progresivamente, se incluyeron unidades curriculares, como Epidemiología Estadística y Demografía, Aspectos Psicosociales de la Discapacidad, Políticas y Modelos de Atención Sanitaria y Prácticas de Atención de Enfermería de Rehabilitación a la Persona con Problemas Oncológicos y al Final de la Vida. Conclusión: La formación en enfermería de rehabilitación ha evolucionado con la influencia de los cambios políticos y sociodemográficos. Con los avances tecnológicos y científicos, así como con la evolución de los sistemas sanitarios, los cuidados de enfermería de rehabilitación han evolucionado en innovación y formación, con marcos legales y competencias específicas.

Emotional Management Strategies in Prehospital Nurses: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Prehospital care is intricate and unpredictable. Nurses in this environment encounter psychologically challenging situations and traumatic experiences daily. Nurses respond variably when delivering care in this context. This study aims to map the emotional management strategies used by prehospital nurses. METHODS: Research was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, and the Open Access Scientific Repository of Portugal (RCAAP). The inclusion criteria were studies with prehospital nurses in Portuguese, English, and Spanish languages, covering all study types. RESULTS: From the initial 511 studies identified, four studies were deemed eligible after rigorous screening. The strategies used are individual (pre- and post-event) and collective, varying from formal to informal, with or without institutional support. Notable experiences included a lack of technical/scientific preparation, personal life association, treating acquaintances, pediatric-age patients, childbirth, cardiopulmonary arrests in young individuals, traffic accidents, and suicides. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses need training in basic emotional management tools. This research provides an initial understanding of their emotional well-being's impact on personal and professional performance. This study was prospectively registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF) on 29 June 2023, with the registration number: z638t.

Interventions for Caregivers of Heart Disease Patients in Rehabilitation: Scoping Review.

Map the interventions/components directed to the caregivers of heart disease patients in cardiac rehabilitation programs that promote their role and health. METHODS: The Joanna Briggs Institute method was used to guide this scoping review. Two independent reviewers assessed articles for relevance and extracted and synthesized data. Inclusion criteria comprised articles published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese since 1950. The following databases were searched: CINAHL Complete (Via EBSCO), Medline (via PubMed), Scopus, PEDro, and Repositórios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP). RESULTS: From 351 articles retrieved, 10 were included in the review. The interventions identified directed to the caregiver were: educational interventions and lifestyle changes; physical exercise; psychological interventions/stress management; and a category "Other" with training interventions in basic life support, elaboration of guidelines/recommendations, and training for the role of caregiver. CONCLUSIONS: It was found that most of the related cardiac rehabilitation interventions are aimed at the dyad heart failure patient and their caregivers/family. Including specific interventions targeting caregivers improves the caregiver's health and empowers them. Patient care planning should include interventions specifically aimed at them that result in health gains for caregivers and patients, striving to improve the quality of care. This study was not registered.

Afetividade e ambiente de trabalho dos enfermeiros: estudo transversal / Afectividad y ambiente de trabajo de enfermeros: estudio transversal / Affectivity, and nurses' work environmente: a cross-sectional study

Objetivo:identificar as relações de afetividade estabelecidas no ambiente de trabalho dos enfermeiros. Método:estudo quantitativo, do tipo analítico, transversalcomposto por 72 Enfermeiros a trabalharem nos serviços de internamento e de urgência. Foram aplicadas as escalas do "Bem-estar Psicológico", "Estilo de Vida Fantástico" e "Ambiente de Trabalho da Prática de Enfermagem". Resultados:a amostra é constituída maioritariamente por enfermeiras (80,6%);solteiras (61,1%);94,4% quase sempre tem alguém com quem conversar sobre assuntos importantes e 88,9% relatamquase sempre dar e receber carinho. Falta de afetoimpacta negativamente na perceção da colaboração entre médicos e enfermeiros, atualização dos planos de cuidados de enfermagem e relevância do diagnóstico de enfermagem. Conclusão:verificou-se um desequilíbrio nas dimensões afetividade e relações interpessoais, as quais influenciam negativamente a qualidade no ambiente de trabalho.

Objective:explore the relationship between affectivityand the nurses' work environment. Method:quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional studycomposed of 72 nurses working in inpatient and emergency services. The scales of "Psychological Well-being", "Fantastic Lifestyle" and "Nursing Practice Work Environment" were applied. Results:the sample consists mostly of nurses (80,6%), single (61,1%), 94,4% almost always have someone to talk to about important matters and 88.9% report almost always giving and receiving affection. Lack of affection negatively impacts the perception of collaboration between doctors and nurses, updating of nursing care plans, and the relevance of the nursing diagnosis. Conclusion:there was an imbalance in the affectivityand interpersonal relationships,which negatively influence the quality of the work environment.

Objetivo:explorar la relación entre la afectividady el ambiente de trabajo de los enfermeros. Método:estudio cuantitativo, analítico, transversalcompuesto por 72 enfermeros que actúan en servicios de hospitalización y urgencias. Se aplicaron las escalas de "Bienestar Psicológico", "Estilo de Vida Fantástico" y "AmbienteLaboral de la Práctica de Enfermería". Resultados:la muestra está compuesta en su mayoría por enfermeras (80,6%), solteras (61,1%), el 94,4% casi siempre tiene con quien hablar de asuntos importantes y el 88,9% refiere casi siempre dar y recibir cariño. La falta de afecto impacta negativamente en la percepción de colaboración entre médicos y enfermeras, la actualización de los planes de atención de enfermería y la pertinencia del diagnóstico de enfermería. Conclusión:hubo un desequilibrio en las dimensiones afectividad y relaciones interpersonales, que influyen negativamente en la calidad del ambiente de trabajo.

Changes in Clinical Training for Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has cost social, economic, cultural, and educational life, distressing nursing training and practice. This study aimed to map the literature on changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to JBI methodology's latest guidance. A set of relevant electronic databases and grey literature was searched to report results published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. (3) Results: A total of 12 studies were included in the study, addressing changes in clinical training in undergraduate nursing students due to COVID-19 pandemic activity, published between 2020 and 2022. (4) Conclusions: Nursing schools made an effort to replace traditional clinical training with several activities, primarily based on simulation or virtual activities. However, contact with others is essential, and simulation programs or scenarios cannot provide it.

The Burnout of Nurses in Intensive Care Units and the Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: The world's population changed with the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Burnout arises due to overwork, prolonged work periods, a lack of human and material resources, etc. Several studies have reported the incidence of burnout syndrome in nurses that work in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim was to map the scientific evidence related to nurses' burnout in the ICU, namely the repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 in terms of burnout among nurses. METHODS: A scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology guidelines to search for and synthesise studies published between 2019 and 2022. The databases searched were MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS, PsycINFO and OPEN GREY. A total of fourteen articles were eligible to be included. RESULTS: A content analysis of the selected articles was carried out, and three categories emerged that corresponded to the dimensions of burnout according to Maslach and Leiter: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation dimension and a lack of personal accomplishment. It was evident that nurses who worked in the ICU during the pandemic showed high levels of burnout. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended that hospital administrations hire health professionals, namely nurses, as a strategic and operational management strategy to reduce the risk of increased burnout during pandemic outbreaks.

Prevalência e caracterização de acidentes domésticos e lazer de idosos em contexto comunitário: Estudo observacional transversal / Prevalence and characterization of home and leisure accidents of Community-dwelling older people: An observational cross-sectional study / Prevalencia y caracterización de los accidentes domésticos y de ocio de las personas mayores en entornos comunitarios: Un estudio observacional transversal

Resumo Enquadramento: O envelhecimento da população contribui para o aumento de acidentes domésticos, com graves consequências pessoais, familiares, sociais. Objetivos: Avaliar a prevalência e caraterísticas de acidentes domésticos em pessoas idosas clientes de unidades funcionais de um Centro de Saúde. Metodologia: Estudo observacional transversal, amostra não probabilística, por conveniência, de 139 pessoas idosas. Resultados: As quedas no domicílio são os acidentes domésticos com maior prevalência nos últimos 12 meses, em sequência de escorregamento. Observaram-se algumas associações baixas, mas estatisticamente significativas, entre o número de quedas, o risco de queda e medo de cair, e entre a idade, o risco de queda e medo de cair. Conclusão: Os resultados observados implicam medidas adequadas por parte dos enfermeiros, integrados em equipas interdisciplinares. A realização de novos estudos de cariz longitudinal, permitirá a monitorização das medidas adotadas e as adaptações necessárias para prevenir e diminuir o risco de queda, e melhorar a qualidade de vida da população envelhecida.

Abstract Background: Population aging contributes to an increase in home accidents, with serious personal, family, and social consequences. Objectives: To assess the prevalence and characteristics of home accidents in older people using functional units of a Health Center. Methodology: Cross-sectional, observational study with a non-probability convenience sample of 139 older people. Results: Falls at home are the most prevalent home accident in the past 12 months, as a consequence of slipping. Some low but statistically significant associations were observed between the number of falls, risk of falling, and fear of falling, and between age, risk of falling, and fear of falling. Conclusion: The results indicate that nurses, integrated into interdisciplinary teams, should take appropriate measures. Further longitudinal studies will allow monitoring the measures adopted and the necessary adaptations to prevent and reduce the risk of falling and improve the quality of life of the aging population.

Resumen Marco contextual: El envejecimiento de la población contribuye a aumentar los accidentes domésticos, con graves consecuencias personales, familiares y sociales. Objetivos: Evaluar la prevalencia y las características de los accidentes domésticos en las personas mayores de las unidades funcionales de un centro de salud. Metodología: Estudio observacional transversal, muestra no probabilística, por conveniencia, de 139 personas mayores. Resultados: Las caídas en el domicilio son los accidentes domésticos más frecuentes en los últimos 12 meses, después de los resbalones. Se observaron algunas asociaciones bajas pero estadísticamente significativas entre el número de caídas, el riesgo de caídas y el miedo a caerse, y entre la edad, el riesgo de caídas y el miedo a caerse. Conclusión: Los resultados observados implican que los enfermeros, integrados en equipos interdisciplinarios, toman las medidas adecuadas. Otros estudios longitudinales permitirán hacer un seguimiento de las medidas adoptadas y de los ajustes necesarios para prevenir y reducir el riesgo de caídas y mejorar la calidad de vida de la población envejecida.

Intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeiros no controlo da dor em cuidados paliativos: protocolo scoping review / Non-pharmacological pain-relief interventions implemented by nurses in palliative care: scoping review protocol

Objetivo: Identificar e mapear a evidência científica existente no âmbito das intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeiros, com o objetivo de proporcionar controlo da dor, da pessoa em situação paliativa. Metodologia: Protocolo de Scoping review com base na metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Na pesquisa e identificação dos estudos, serão usadas as bases de dados eletrónicas MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, Scopus. Adicionalmente, a pesquisa de estudos não publicados incluirá o Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) e o OpenGrey. A estratégia de pesquisa abrangerá todos os artigos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, nos últimos 5 anos. Resultados: Os resultados serão apresentados em formato narrativo, recorrendo a tabelas, de acordo com o objetivo, foco e questão de revisão. O mapeamento das intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeiros, no âmbito do controlo da dor, irá contribuir para a disseminação da evidência disponível. Conclusão: Espera-se que a presente scoping review contribua para a análise crítica das intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas pelos enfermeiros neste âmbito, dado o potencial impacte destas no controlo da dor e na qualidade dos cuidados prestados.

Objetivo: Identificar y mapear la evidencia científica existente en el ámbito de las intervenciones no farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeras, con el objetivo de proporcionar el control del dolor a la persona en situación paliativa. Método: Protocolo de scoping review, según la metodología de Instituto Joanna Briggs. En la estrategia de investigación e identificación de estudios, se utilizarán las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL Complete (vía EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (vía Pubmed), Registro Cochrane Central de Ensayos Controlados, Base de Datos Cochrane de Revisiones Sistemáticas, Scielo, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews. Scopus. A su vez, la búsqueda de estudios inéditos incluirá el Repositorio Científico de Acceso Abierto de Portugal (RCAAP) y OpenGrey. La estrategia de búsqueda incluirá todos los artículos publicados en portugués, español e inglés en los últimos 5 años. Resultados: Los resultados se presentarán en formato narrativo, mediante tablas, de acuerdo con el objetivo, enfoque y pregunta de revisión. El mapeo de las intervenciones no farmacológicas, en el ámbito del control del dolor, contribuirá para la difusión de la evidencia disponible. Conclusión: Se espera que la presente revisión contribuya para el análisis crítico de las intervenciones no farmacológicas en esta área, dado el potencial impacto de estas en el control del dolor y en la cualidad de los cuidados prestados.

Aim: To identify and map the existing scientific evidence within the scope of non-pharmacological interventions implemented by nurses with the objective of providing pain relief to the people in a palliative situation. Method: This study followed the scoping review protocol based on the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. In regard to the research strategy and identification of studies, the following electronic databases were consulted: MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. In addition, the search for unpublished studies included the Scientific Repository for Open Access of Portugal (RCAAP) and OpenGrey. The research strategy included all the articles published in Portuguese, Spanish and English in the last 5 years. Results: Following the main objective, focus and research question, the results will be presented in a narrative format, using tables. The mapping of the non-pharmacological interventions implemented by nurses focused on pain relief will contribute to the dissemination of the available evidence. Conclusion: It is expected that the present scoping review will contribute to the critical analysis of non-pharmacological interventions implemented by nurses in this area given the potential impact of these on pain relief and the quality of care provided.

From the challenge of assessing autonomy to the instruments used in practice: A scoping review.

Autonomy is one of the essential components to live a quality life. Monitoring this autonomy is, in effect, essential, to allow the nurses to conceive, implement and evaluate interventions aimed at its promotion or even maintenance. For this reason, this scoping review aims to map the evidence to identify and analyze the instruments used to assess the person's autonomy, which emerges from scientific production. Methods: Scoping review based on the recommended principles by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The research was realized in the databases: Scopus (excluding MEDLINE), CINAHL complete (via EBSCO, Excluding MEDLINE), and MEDLINE (via PubMed). Two independent reviewers evaluated the articles' pertinence for the study's investigation, the extraction, and synthesis of articles. Results: After the analysis, according to the inclusion criteria established, 34 articles were selected, allude to 7 different instruments to assess autonomy. Conclusions: The need for further development at this level is highlighted, namely through the construction and validation of more comprehensive instruments, integrating the different components of the concept of autonomy.

The Burnout of Nurses in Intensive Care Units and the Impact of the Pandemic of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol of a Scoping Review.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought multiple challenges for health institutions and their professionals. The requirement of this disease forced nurses to confront organizational and clinical challenges to maintain the quality standards of care they provide. These requirements may have contributed to increased burnout symptoms. This study aims to map the scientific evidence related to nurses' burnout in intensive care units. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Relevant databases will be used as well as grey literature, where the following words will be used: burnout, nurses, intensive care units and SARS-CoV-2. Results: This scoping review will include all types of studies-quantitative, qualitative and mixed-and all types of reviews that focus on the objective of this review. Conclusions: It is vital to determine the impact of the burnout caused by the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 to assess amending measures of risk and protection factors. This will help in the implementation of guidelines according to the available evidence. Additionally, this will help to improve the skills of these professionals as well as to reduce their emotional and physical exhaustion. This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework.

Burnout and Nursing Care: A Concept Paper.

Burnout comprises a series of undetermined physical and psychosocial symptoms caused by an excessive energy requirement at work-it is a crisis in relationships with work itself and not necessarily a concern with underlying clinical disorders related to workers. Professions involving human interactions commonly involve emotional engagement, especially when the cared-for person needs assistance and support, as is the primary concern in the nursing profession. To some extent, the acknowledgment of the phenomena of burnout and how it affects people is sometimes addressed from a biomedical perspective. This concept paper aims to describe the burnout concept and reflect on the impact on nurses. Our intention with this reflection, considering the burnout impact on nurses, is to support a paradigm change in the prevention and management of burnout in healthcare contexts, promoting and fostering the well-being of nurses.

Helmet-Noninvasive Ventilation for Hospitalized Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: Has Vaccination and the New Variants Changed Evidence?

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a technique for breathing support that significantly improves gas exchange and vital signs, reducing intubation and mortality rates. Helmets, unlike facemasks, allow for longer-term treatment and better ventilation, also being more cost-effective. As of today, we have found no reviews addressing this topic. This review aims to identify, map, and describe the characteristics of the use of noninvasive ventilation through helmet interface in critically ill COVID-19 adult patients hospitalized in acute care settings throughout the multiple moments that defined the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review will follow the methodology for scoping reviews proposed by JBI. A set of relevant electronic databases will be searched using terms such as COVID-19, helmet, and noninvasive ventilation. Two reviewers will independently perform the study selection regarding their eligibility. Data extraction will be accomplished using a researcher's developed tool considering the review questions. Findings will be presented in tables and a narrative description that aligns with the review's objective. This scoping review will consider any quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods studies and systematic review designs for inclusion, focusing on the use of helmet on critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in acute care settings.

Monitoring and Management of the Palliative Care Patient Symptoms: A Best Practice Implementation Project.

BACKGROUND: In palliative care, symptoms are multiple and combined, evolving and changing, with a multidimensional character and multifactorial causes, and a high prevalence, negatively influencing the patient's and family's quality of life. Nurses who provide palliative care need to recognize and respond effectively to their patients' symptoms. METHODS: A project will be applied to implement the best practice in monitoring and managing palliative care patients' symptoms. The Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) audit and feedback tool will be used. The JBI PACES and GRiP framework for promoting evidence-based healthcare involves three phases of activity. First, a baseline audit. In a second phase, feedback will be given to the project team after the conclusion of the baseline audit report. Then, a third phase will be conducted as a follow-up audit. CONCLUSIONS: This project will improve the practice of the nursing team in monitoring and managing the symptoms of palliative care patients, positively influencing the quality of life of the patient and his family. The implementation and dissemination of this project could boost its replication in other centres.

Physical Rehabilitation Programs for Bedridden Patients with Prolonged Immobility: A Scoping Review.

Bedridden patients usually stay in bed for long periods, presenting several problems caused by immobility, leading to a long recovery process. Thus, identifying physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility requires urgent research. Therefore, this scoping review aimed to map existing physical rehabilitation programs for bedridden patients with prolonged immobility, the rehabilitation domains, the devices used, the parameters accessed, and the context in which these programs were performed. This scoping review, guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute's (JBI) methodology and conducted in different databases (including grey literature), identified 475 articles, of which 27 were included in this review. The observed contexts included research institutes, hospitals, rehabilitation units, nursing homes, long-term units, and palliative care units. Most of the programs were directed to the musculoskeletal domain, predominantly toward the lower limbs. The devices used included lower limb mobilization, electrical stimulation, inclined planes, and cycle ergometers. Most of the evaluated parameters were musculoskeletal, cardiorespiratory, or vital signs. The variability of the programs, domains, devices and parameters found in this scoping review revealed no uniformity, a consequence of the personalization and individualization of care, which makes the development of a standard intervention program challenging.

Nursing focuses and interventions that promote the autonomy of the elderly.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the meaning attributed to the experiences of the clinical experience of specialist nurses in the implementation of nursing care focuses and respective interventions that promote the autonomy of the elderly. METHOD: Qualitative study based on Giorgi's method. Eighteen specialist nurses were interviewed, recruited for convenience in two hospitals in the northern region of Portugal, between March and December 2018. RESULTS: In the clinical experience of specialist nurses, regarding the nursing process, three themes emerged: focuses of nursing care; implementation of nursing interventions and hindering factors. CONCLUSIONS: The specialist nurses, most of whom are rehabilitation specialists, essentially promote the physical capacity of the elderly, within the scope of autonomy, revealing that working conditions, such as lack of time and information systems, are the limiting factor of their promotion.

Screening Tools Designed to Assess and Evaluate Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Adult Patients: A Scoping Review.

Oropharyngeal Dysphagia (OD) significantly decreases a patient's quality of life and poses a high economic burden to institutions. In this sense, evaluation and assessment are important interventions for health professionals, although current tools and instruments are multiple and are dispersed in the literature. The aim of this review was to map existing screening tools to assess and evaluate OD in adult patients, identify their relevant clinical parameters and respective contexts of use and provide a systematic approach and summary to better inform practice. A scoping review was developed guided by the JBI methodology and using PRISMA-ScR to report results published between 2014 and 2021, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Databases included Medline, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Complete, Scielo, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, OpenGrey and B-On. Mendeley was used to store and screen data. A total of 33 studies were included in the study, of which 19 tools were identified, some being intervention-based tools and others an algorithm for decision. The most common context used was in the general population and older adults. Regarding clinical parameters, the most common were food consistency, presence of the cough reflex, swallowing effort, voice changes and weight. As oropharyngeal dysphagia concerns important risks for the patient, a rigorous assessment must be performed. In this sense, the review identified specific disease-related tools and more general instruments, and it is an important contribution to more efficient dysphagia screening and prevention.

Changes in Clinical Training for Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review Protocol.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had consequences for social, economic, cultural and educational life, affecting nursing training and practice. To date, no previous scoping reviews addressing this objective have been found. This study aims to map the literature related to changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A scoping review will be carried out according to the Joanna Briggs Institute's latest guidance regarding methodology. A set of relevant electronic databases and grey literature will be searched using terms such as clinical practice, nursing students, COVID-19. Results: This scoping review will consider any type of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods study and systematic review designs for inclusion, focusing on changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Pedagogical criteria had to be changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially face-to-face clinical training for nursing students. Identifying the changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic will help educators to understand the potential impact of this specific context and trace possible gaps. This protocol is registered at Open Science Framework.

What Is the Relationship between Lifestyle and Frailty Status? Data from the Portuguese Multicentre Descriptive Study.

This observational and descriptive study attempted, within the scope of the ModulEn Research Project, to determine associations between lifestyle-related variables and frailty involving 160 community-dwelling older adults aged between 65 and 80 years living in the Central Region of Portugal. Forty-three percent of the study participants were pre-frail and 18% were frail. More than 50% of the frail people had slight cognitive decline, and the frailty condition was more frequently observed in women. As the literature highlights, there is potential for greater reversibility in the pre-frailty condition. To contribute to this reversibility, it is necessary to resort to interventions that promote physical activity and cognitive stimulation, apply adequate eating habits, and/or encourage the adoption of an active and socially integrated lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle implies good sleep and eating habits, and correct metabolic control that allows for effective surveillance of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and blood pressure.

Nursing knowledge of people with paresis of voluntary muscles: a living scoping review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: This review aims to continuously map the nursing knowledge about people with paresis of voluntary muscles in any context of care. INTRODUCTION: Muscle paresis is a condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Nurses have a crucial role in managing this condition, particularly paresis of voluntary movement muscles. However, nursing knowledge about patients with paresis of voluntary muscles is dispersed, hampering the integration of evidence within the structure of information systems. Mapping how the nursing process components are identified is the first step in creating a Nursing Clinical Information Model for this condition, capable of integrating evidence into information systems. INCLUSION CRITERIA: This scoping review will consider studies focusing on the nursing process regarding people with paresis of voluntary muscles in all care contexts. The review will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods study designs, systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, dissertations, and theses. METHODS: The review process will follow JBI's scoping review guidance, as well as the Cochrane Collaboration's guidance on living reviews. Screening of new literature will be performed regularly, with the review being updated according to new findings. The search strategy will map published and unpublished studies. The databases to be searched will include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, JBI Evidence Synthesis , and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Searches for unpublished studies will include OpenGrey and Repositorios Científicos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. Studies published in English and Portuguese from 1975 will be considered for inclusion. REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/d7c9g/.