RESUMEN
La inteligencia artificial (IA) es una tecnología emergente que facilita tareas cotidianas y automatiza tareas en diversos campos como medicina. Sin embargo, la irrupción de un modelo de lenguaje en el mundo académico ha generado mucho interés. En esta comunicación se evalúa el potencial de Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT), un modelo de lenguaje desarrollado por OpenAI; y de DALL-E 2, un generador de imágenes, en la escritura de artículos científicos en Oftalmología. El tema seleccionado es el de las complicaciones del uso de aceite de silicona (AS) en cirugía vítreo-retiniana. Se utilizó ChatGPT para generar un resumen y un artículo estructurado, sugerencias para un título y referencias bibliográficas. Se puede concluir que, a pesar del conocimiento demostrado, la precisión y fiabilidad científica en temas específicos es insuficiente para la generación automática de artículos con rigor científico. Por otro lado, todo científico debe conocer las posibles implicaciones éticas y legales de estas herramientas (AU)
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technology that facilitates everyday tasks and automates tasks in various fields such as medicine. However, the emergence of a language model in academia has generated a lot of interest. This paper evaluates the potential of ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, and DALL-E 2, an image generator, in the writing of scientific articles in ophthalmology. The selected topic is the complications of the use of silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery. ChatGPT was used to generate an abstract and a structured article, suggestions for a title and bibliographical references. In conclusion, despite the knowledge demonstrated by this tool, the scientific accuracy and reliability on specific topics is insufficient for the automatic generation of scientifically rigorous articles. In addition, scientists should be aware of the possible ethical and legal implications of these tools (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Inteligencia Artificial/tendencias , Oftalmología , Aceites de Silicona/efectos adversos , Escritura MédicaRESUMEN
Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging technology that facilitates everyday tasks and automates tasks in various fields such as medicine. However, the emergence of a language model in academia has generated a lot of interest. This paper evaluates the potential of ChatGPT, a language model developed by OpenAI, and DALL-E 2, an image generator, in the writing of scientific articles in ophthalmology. The selected topic is the complications of the use of silicone oil in vitreoretinal surgery. ChatGPT was used to generate an abstract and a structured article, suggestions for a title and bibliographical references. In conclusion, despite the knowledge demonstrated by this tool, the scientific accuracy and reliability on specific topics is insufficient for the automatic generation of scientifically rigorous articles. In addition, scientists should be aware of the possible ethical and legal implications of these tools.
Asunto(s)
Oftalmología , Cirugía Vitreorretiniana , Inteligencia Artificial , Aceites de Silicona/efectos adversos , Cirugía Vitreorretiniana/efectos adversos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , LenguajeAsunto(s)
Betacoronavirus , Infecciones por Coronavirus/psicología , Enfermedades Profesionales/psicología , Oftalmólogos/psicología , Neumonía Viral/psicología , COVID-19 , Infecciones por Coronavirus/epidemiología , Humanos , Internado y Residencia , Enfermedades Profesionales/epidemiología , Oftalmología/educación , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyse a series of cataract surgeries performed in a third-fourth level teaching hospital, providing complementary data to the number of surgeries that can be used as a further reference, and to compare them with those published by other Public Health Systems, mainly the British one. METHODS: Retrospective study of 1052 cataract procedures at the University Hospital of Valladolid from January 2016 to July 2016. Collected variables: age, gender, pre- and postsurgical visual acuity, degree of complexity of the cataract, duration of the surgery, and surgical complications. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 74.1 ± 9.5 years, and 81.61% started from a VA <0.5. The duration of the surgery was collected only in 12% of the procedures. The complications rate was 1.8%, with one case of endophthalmitis. A final postoperative refraction was performed in only 44.7% of the cases. A total of 87.2% of the eyes achieved a VA ≥ 0.5 after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the series show significant differences from those from the audit of the English National Healthcare System, with our patients being more complex and having less complications. There are missing-data in the collection of important variables such as post-surgical refraction or the duration of the surgery, which despite this, this work can be a good reference.
Asunto(s)
Extracción de Catarata/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , Extracción de Catarata/efectos adversos , Competencia Clínica , Femenino , Hospitales de Enseñanza , Humanos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias , Masculino , Tempo Operativo , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Refracción Ocular , Estudios Retrospectivos , España , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Resultado del Tratamiento , Reino Unido , Agudeza VisualAsunto(s)
Oftalmología , Publicaciones Periódicas como Asunto , Edición , Mala Conducta Científica , Actitud , Catarata/congénito , Catarata/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Difusión de la Información , Degeneración Macular/tratamiento farmacológico , Edición/normas , Ranibizumab/uso terapéutico , Proyectos de InvestigaciónAsunto(s)
Ceguera/inducido químicamente , Brotes de Enfermedades , Contaminación de Medicamentos , Fluorocarburos , Atrofia Óptica/inducido químicamente , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/inducido químicamente , Pruebas de Toxicidad Aguda/métodos , Cirugía Vitreorretiniana , Sistemas de Registro de Reacción Adversa a Medicamentos , Animales , Derivados del Benceno/aislamiento & purificación , Derivados del Benceno/toxicidad , Ceguera/epidemiología , Línea Celular , Chile/epidemiología , Medios de Cultivo , Reacciones Falso Negativas , Fibroblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Fluorocarburos/administración & dosificación , Fluorocarburos/química , Humanos , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e Hidrofílicas , Ratones , Atrofia Óptica/epidemiología , Solubilidad , España/epidemiología , Turquía/epidemiología , Xilenos/aislamiento & purificación , Xilenos/toxicidadRESUMEN
CASE REPORT: We report a case of sympathetic ophthalmia (SO) developed after blunt trauma and vitrectomy (complicated with a massive suprachoroidal hemorrhage) using perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL) for tamponade. DISCUSSION: The presentation of SO in a vitrectomized patient after severe blunt trauma with extended intra-ocular tamponade with PFCL could support the hypothesis that chronic inflammation caused by PFCL could have contributed to the development of SO. Nevertheless, there are other possible causal factors such as the trauma, the vitrectomy itself or the choroidal detachment with possible uveal incarceration at wound sites.
Asunto(s)
Lesiones Oculares/complicaciones , Fluorocarburos/efectos adversos , Oftalmía Simpática/etiología , Vitrectomía/efectos adversos , Heridas no Penetrantes/complicaciones , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Oftalmía Simpática/diagnósticoRESUMEN
CASE REPORT: A 33 year-old female with an asymptomatic pigmented mass in the iridocorneal angle of her right eye, arising from the ciliary body is presented. Ciliary body melanocytoma was suspected and conservative management recommended. After 36 months of follow-up the patient developed pain, inflammatory reaction and uncontrollable ocular hypertension, which was diagnosed as melanocytomalytic glaucoma. Tumor was removed by external iridecyclectomy and the histopathologic findings revealed necrotic melanocytoma. DISCUSSION: Ciliary body melanocytoma is a rare benign pigmented tumor that may present extension to the anterior chamber. Differential diagnosis mainly includes ciliary body melanoma, which carries a different prognosis and treatment.
Asunto(s)
Cuerpo Ciliar , Nevo/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Úvea/diagnóstico , Adulto , Femenino , Glaucoma/etiología , Humanos , Nevo/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Úvea/complicacionesRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of silicone-fluorsilicone copolymer oil (SiFO) as an intraoperative tool and a vitreous substitute in vitreoretinal surgery. METHODS: Handling properties of SiFO were tested and compared with those of perfluorooctane (PFO). The transparency of both substances was measured by spectrophotometry and subjectively assessed. Their tendency to dispersion was observed during injection in balanced saline solution (BSS) and after mechanized and manual shaking. Ease of injection and aspiration through small-gauge instruments was evaluated. Ocular tolerance to SiFO and PFO was studied after intravitreal injection in rabbit eyes: intraocular pressure, anterior segment inflammatory response and dispersion were evaluated, and a histopathological study was performed. RESULTS: Injection and aspiration of SiFO were more difficult than those of PFO because of its higher viscosity. PFO dispersed progressively into small droplets as early as two days after intravitreal injection, whereas SiFO remained as a single bubble for 14 days. Histopathologically both substances induced an inflammatory response over the inferior retina, with microvacuolated macrophages and foreign body giant cells, which were larger in eyes wearing SiFO. CONCLUSIONS: SiFO may be useful as an intraoperative tool, although its main drawback is a more difficult injection and aspiration compared to PFO. It has been well tolerated as a short-term vitreous substitute, but further clinical studies are needed.
Asunto(s)
Polímeros , Retina/cirugía , Siliconas , Vitrectomía , Cuerpo Vítreo/cirugía , Animales , Fluorocarburos , Ensayo de Materiales , Conejos , Retina/patología , Cuerpo Vítreo/patologíaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To establish the incidence, evolution and final visual outcome of corneal epithelial complications after vitrectomy in a consecutive series performed throughout a period of one year. METHODS: 195 consecutive medical records of patients vitrectomized in 2001 have been retrospectively reviewed. Patients were clinically evaluated the day after vitrectomy, during the first week, and then weekly for 3 months (minimum follow-up). Functional results have been established at the end of this period. RESULTS: 12 out of 195 eyes developed corneal epithelial complications after surgery (6.1%). Eight cases were diagnosed of persistent epithelial defect (4.1%), and four cases (2%) of necrotizing herpetic keratitis. Six out of 12 were diabetic. Corneal epithelial complications affected 10.5% of diabetic and 4.3% of non-diabetic patients (p=0.10). The majority of persistent epithelial defects healed without sequelae in less than two months. Herpetic keratitis required between 3 to 4 months to heal and caused corneal scarring in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: Persistent corneal epithelial defects after vitrectomy are a relatively frequent complication, mainly in diabetic patients. Recurrence of herpetic keratitis must also be kept in mind. This finding has not been previously reported and needs further studies.