Cutaneous reactions after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a cross-sectional Spanish nationwide study of 405 cases.

BACKGROUND: Cutaneous reactions after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines are poorly characterized. OBJECTIVE: To describe and classify cutaneous reactions after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. METHODS: A nationwide Spanish cross-sectional study was conducted. We included patients with cutaneous reactions within 21 days of any dose of the approved vaccines at the time of the study. After a face-to-face visit with a dermatologist, information on cutaneous reactions was collected via an online professional survey and clinical photographs were sent by email. Investigators searched for consensus on clinical patterns and classification. RESULTS: From 16 February to 15 May 2021, we collected 405 reactions after vaccination with the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech; 40·2%), mRNA-1273 (Moderna; 36·3%) and AZD1222 (AstraZeneca; 23·5%) vaccines. Mean patient age was 50·7 years and 80·2% were female. Cutaneous reactions were classified as injection site ('COVID arm', 32·1%), urticaria (14·6%), morbilliform (8·9%), papulovesicular (6·4%), pityriasis rosea-like (4·9%) and purpuric (4%) reactions. Varicella zoster and herpes simplex virus reactivations accounted for 13·8% of reactions. The COVID arm was almost exclusive to women (95·4%). The most reported reactions in each vaccine group were COVID arm (mRNA-1273, Moderna, 61·9%), varicella zoster virus reactivation (BNT162b2, Pfizer-BioNTech, 17·2%) and urticaria (AZD1222, AstraZeneca, 21·1%). Most reactions to the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine were described in women (90·5%). Eighty reactions (21%) were classified as severe/very severe and 81% required treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous reactions after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination are heterogeneous. Most are mild-to-moderate and self-limiting, although severe/very severe reactions are reported. Knowledge of these reactions during mass vaccination may help healthcare professionals and reassure patients.

Sífilis precoz: nuevas aproximaciones diagnósticas para un escenario cambiante / Early Syphilis: New Diagnostic Approaches in a Changing Scenario

No disponible

Electroquimioterapia con bleomicina intravenosa en el tratamiento del carcinoma de células de Merkel irresecable / Electrochemotherapy With Intravenous Bleomycin in the Treatment of Unresectable Merkel Cell Carcinoma

No disponible

Biopsia selectiva del ganglio centinela de la región inguinal: técnica quirúrgica / Inguinal Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: Surgical Technique

No disponible

Teledermatology-driven topical therapy of actinic keratosis: a comparative study of clinical effectiveness and compliance.

BACKGROUND: Teledermatology (TD) provides efficient care for skin cancer patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effectiveness of imiquimod 5% for the treatment of AK with in-person care and through TD. METHODS: Longitudinal prospective controlled study including patients with single AK diagnosed and treated at face-to-face visits (FTF group) or through teledermatology (TD group) with imiquimod 5% cream. The main outcome measures assessed were the complete and global response percentage (CR and GR) under per-protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. RESULTS: A total of 157 patients were enrolled (FTF = 75, TD = 82). PP analysis showed CR in 66.7% of FTF patients and 65.6% in TD patients (P > 0.05). The ITT yielded CR in 64.0% and 51.2% in FTF visits and TD, respectively (P = 0.073). The analysis showed an advantage of FTF care against TD in achieving GR (84.0% vs. 70.7%; P = 0.036). Facial location and local adverse reactions were the only explanatory factors of complete response in the ITT approach. Treatment completion was found in 90.7% and 72.0% in the FTF and TD groups, respectively (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in patient counselling at the primary care centre are needed before the implementation of TD as a routine methodology for the management of AK.

Malignant Blue Nevus: A Challenge for Dermatologists and Dermatopathologists / Nevus azul maligno: un desafío para dermatólogos y dermatopatólogos

No disponible

Técnicas reconstructivas de elección por unidades estéticas faciales / Reconstruction Techniques of Choice for the Facial Cosmetic Units

Introducción y objetivos: Existe una enorme variedad de colgajos cutáneos empleados para la reparación de defectos quirúrgicos faciales tras la extirpación de tumores. El objetivo del estudio fue consensuar una guía práctica de los colgajos más útiles para cada una de las distintas unidades estéticas faciales. Material y métodos: Estudio multicéntrico donde 10 dermatólogos de larga experiencia quirúrgica reconstructiva eligieron sus técnicas preferidas para cada unidad estética. La elección de estos colgajos se fundamentó en la experiencia personal de cada dermatólogo basándose en factores como la idoneidad de la técnica reconstructiva para ese defecto, el resultado estético final, la facilidad de ejecución y la baja probabilidad de complicaciones, entre otros. Eligieron 2 colgajos por orden de preferencia para cada subunidad estética y se le asignaron 10 puntos al primer colgajo y 5 al segundo. Resultados: Con la suma obtenida de todas las opciones aportadas por los dermatólogos encuestados se obtuvo una relación de los 3 mejores colgajos para cada localización. Destacar la unanimidad de criterio por parte de la mayoría de los dermatólogos para técnicas reconstructivas como el colgajo glabelar para defectos de canto interno del ojo, el colgajo de avance bilateral en bandera o H para frente, el colgajo en puerta giratoria para concha auricular, el colgajo pangeniano para mejilla infraorbitaria, el colgajo de rotación O-Z para cuero cabelludo, el colgajo de Tenzel para párpado inferior y el colgajo en isla para labio superior. Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio son de utilidad para ofrecer una guía práctica para la elección de las mejores técnicas reconstructivas en cada una de las distintas subunidades estéticas faciales (AU)

Background and objectives: A broad range of skin flaps can be used to repair facial surgical defects after the excision of a tumor. The aim of our study was to develop a practical guideline covering the most useful skin grafts for each of the distinct facial cosmetic units. Material and methods: This was a multicenter study in which 10 dermatologists with extensive experience in reconstructive surgery chose their preferred technique for each cosmetic unit. The choice of flaps was based on personal experience, taking into account factors such as suitability of the reconstruction technique for the specific defect, the final cosmetic result, surgical difficulty, and risk of complications. Each dermatologist proposed 2 flaps in order of preference for each cosmetic subunit. A score of 10 was given to the first flap and a score of 5 to the second. Results: The total score obtained for each of the options proposed by the participating dermatologists was used to draw up a list of the 3 best grafts for each site. There was notable unanimity of criteria among most of the dermatologists for reconstructive techniques such as the glabellar flap for defects of the medial canthus of the eye, the bilateral advancement flag flap or H flap for the forehead, the rotary door flap for the auricle of the ear, the Mustarde flap for the infraorbital cheek, the O-Z rotation flap for the scalp, the Tenzel flap for the lower eyelid, and the island flap for the upper lip. Conclusions: The results of this study will be useful as a practical guide to choosing the best reconstruction technique for each of the facial cosmetic units (AU)

Estudio multicéntrico sobre el uso de oxibutinina oral en hiperhidrosis local y multifocal / Oral Oxybutynin for Local and Multifocal Hyperhidrosis: A Multicenter Study

No disponible

Reconstruction Techniques of Choice for the Facial Cosmetic Units. / Técnicas reconstructivas de elección por unidades estéticas faciales.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: A broad range of skin flaps can be used to repair facial surgical defects after the excision of a tumor. The aim of our study was to develop a practical guideline covering the most useful skin grafts for each of the distinct facial cosmetic units. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a multicenter study in which 10 dermatologists with extensive experience in reconstructive surgery chose their preferred technique for each cosmetic unit. The choice of flaps was based on personal experience, taking into account factors such as suitability of the reconstruction technique for the specific defect, the final cosmetic result, surgical difficulty, and risk of complications. Each dermatologist proposed 2 flaps in order of preference for each cosmetic subunit. A score of 10 was given to the first flap and a score of 5 to the second. RESULTS: The total score obtained for each of the options proposed by the participating dermatologists was used to draw up a list of the 3 best grafts for each site. There was notable unanimity of criteria among most of the dermatologists for reconstructive techniques such as the glabellar flap for defects of the medial canthus of the eye, the bilateral advancement flag flap or H flap for the forehead, the rotary door flap for the auricle of the ear, the Mustarde flap for the infraorbital cheek, the O-Z rotation flap for the scalp, the Tenzel flap for the lower eyelid, and the island flap for the upper lip. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will be useful as a practical guide to choosing the best reconstruction technique for each of the facial cosmetic units.

Tumoraciones cutáneas vasculares eruptivas en un varón de 45 años de edad / Skin eruptive vascular tumors in a 45 years old man

No disponible

Exudado uretral y afectación mucocutánea / Urethral discharge and mucocutaneous involvement

No disponible

[Treatment of diarrhea with loperamide in palliative medicine. A systematic review]. / Behandlung der Diarrhö mit Loperamid in der Palliativmedizin. Eine systematische Literaturübersicht.

Diarrhea is a distressing symptom which limits the quality of life in patients receiving palliative care and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In patients with AIDS, it is a more common problem than for other entities (e.g., cancer). Loperamide is considered the first choice medication for the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea. This literature review examines the efficacy of loperamide in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea in palliative care. Two databases (Medline and Embase) were searched through June 2012. A total of 286 studies were identified, but only 7 met the inclusion criteria (1 cohort and 6 experimental studies) in which loperamide (alone or in combination) was tested. There is a lack of significant studies which investigate the efficacy of loperamide in the symptomatic treatment of diarrhea. Two trials indicated superiority of loperamide over placebo. In comparison with octreotide, the results were contradictory. The combination of acetorphan with loperamide was more effective than acetorphan alone, but the combination of loperamide with diphenoxylate was inferior to octreotide. The identified studies revealed methodical problems. A definite recommendation for administration of loperamide can, therefore, not be derived from this work.The English full-text version of this article is available at SpringerLink (under "Supplemental").

[Recommendations for death rattle]. / Empfehlung bei Rasselatmung.

Noisy breathing during the terminal stages of life (death rattle) is one of the most common and most difficult symptoms to treat. In palliative medicine there are still no accepted guidelines for the treatment of death rattle in the final phase of life. In the first part of this article a description of death rattle is presented and in the second part a systematic literature review gives an insight into the effectiveness of interventions for death rattle. Two databases (Embase and Medline) were searched up to 2010 which identified 134 studies but only 6 met the inclusion criteria (2 cohort and 4 experimental studies) in which scopolamine, glycopyrrolate, butyl scopolamine, atropine and octreotide were tested. There is a lack of conclusive studies which investigated the effectiveness of treatment of death rattle. Furthermore, the identified studies revealed methodical problems. In general non-drug therapy is recommended as first choice. If anticholinergics are considered the selection also depends on whether simultaneous sedation is desired or not. The English full text version of this article will be available in SpringerLink as of November 2012 (under "Supplemental").