Identification of over expressed proteins in oral submucous fibrosis by proteomic analysis.

Early detection and identification of oral pre-malignancy or malignancy help in management of the disease and improve survival rates. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a major threat to public health worldwide and especially in Southeast Asian countries. Identification of biomarkers is a necessary step toward early diagnosis and treatment. In this study, differentially expressed proteins between oral submucous fibrotic tissue and normal control tissues were recorded by proteomic analysis using two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and MALDI TOF mass spectrometry. By proteomic analysis, 15 proteins were found to be upregulated and 10 proteins downregulated in the OSMF tissues than the control tissues; among these identified proteins, Hsp-70 1B, Calreticulin, and Lumican variant exhibited higher expression in OSMF tissues compared to the control tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis also showed elevated expression of these in OSMF tissues. Further validation was done by real time quantitative RT-PCR analysis; gene expression of Hsp-70 1B, Calreticulin, and Lumican variant were significantly increased (6.2-, 3.3-, 2.8- fold, respectively), whereas Enolase 1 was decreased by 0.5 fold in the OSMF tissues, consistent with proteomic results. The expression of proteins indicates that various cellular signaling pathways must be involved in the processes of fibrosis and suggests that expressed protein molecules play an important role in the pathogenesis of OSMF. These identified proteins may be potentially used in future studies of OSMF enabling to determine diagnostic marker or therapeutic targets of this precancerous condition of oral cavity.

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma: A rare oral tumor.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the malignant neoplasm of striated muscle and a relatively uncommon tumor of the oral cavity. Embryonal variety is the most common subtype, observed in children below 10 years of age but occasionally seen in adolescents and young adults. The present report describes a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma in the left posterior buccal mucosa, with extension in the adjacent alveolus, soft palate, oropharynx and nasopharynx of a 17-year-old female.

Demographic and histopathological variation of ameloblastoma: A hospital-based study.

CONTEXT: Ameloblastoma is the second most common odontogenic tumor after odontoma which occurs exclusively in the jaws and very rarely in the sinonasal cavities. AIMS: The aim of the study was to determine the demographic and histopathological variations of ameloblastoma in Eastern Indian population by retrospectively comparing and evaluating diagnosed cases of ameloblastoma using different parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Histopathologically diagnosed cases of ameloblastoma retrieved from past records of the Department of Oral Pathology were selected for the study. Totally, 148 cases were isolated from record of previous 7 years. The patients were divided according to (a) gender, (b) age group, (c) site of the lesion and (d) histopathological types. The findings of this study were compared with those available in literature. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: This is a retrospective study, mean and standard deviation was calculated. RESULTS: Among 148 patients, 88 (59.45%) were male and 60 (40.55%) were female. A maximum number of cases (101 of 148) of ameloblastoma were found in the second to fourth decades of life. Mandiblular posterior region was commonly involved (48.6%). Solid/multicystic variety was found in 63.1% followed by unicystic with 21.5%. We found one case each of extraosseous and desmoplastic ameloblastoma. It was difficult for panel of experienced oral pathologists to pinpoint the exact type in 15 (10%) cases, this was due to mixture of follicular and plexiform variety with equal presence of both types of architecture, without predominance of any variety in particular. CONCLUSIONS: These data may serve as baseline information on occurrence of various histopathological types of ameloblastoma in Eastern Indian population and helps comparing it with other similar studies conducted in different geographic population.