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1.
Gels ; 9(2)2023 Feb 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36826286

RESUMEN

Diabetic patients frequently develop wounds, which can be colonized by bacteria, mainly Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with the ability to form biofilms. This study aimed to evaluate the colonization and biofilm formation of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic wounds of diabetic patients treated with a bioactive dressing (EGF-CMC), which consisted of a 2% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) hydrogel loaded with epidermal growth factor (EGF). This randomized clinical trial was conducted with 25 participants: 14 treated with EGF-CMC hydrogel and 11 treated with CMC hydrogel for 12 weeks. Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected. All had diabetic foot ulcers or chronic venous ulcers. Swab collections were performed on weeks 1, 6, and 12. The laboratory analyses included the identification of strains, microbial quantification, virulence gene investigation, and the evaluation of biofilm formation. In total, 13 S. aureus strains and 15 P. aeruginosa strains were isolated. There were no statistically significant differences regarding bacterial loads and virulence genes. However, EGF-CMC-hydrogel-treated wounds were colonized by strains with lower biofilm formation abilities. The probability of isolating biofilm-producing strains from CMC-hydrogel-treated wounds was 83% greater than the probability of isolating biofilm-producing strains from EGF-CMC-treated wounds.

2.
Acta sci., Biol. sci ; 45: e65725, 2023. graf, tab
Artículo en Inglés | VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1509305

RESUMEN

Bromelain is a set of proteolytic enzymes usually obtained from pineapple (Ananas comosus). Although bromelain has distinguished therapeutic properties, little is known about its proteolytic potential against opportunistic pathogens related to wound healing complications, such as Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed toinvestigate the antibiofilm and antibacterial activity of bromelain in 43 clinical strains of S. aureusisolated from chronic wounds and blood cultures. Bromelain's activity against S. aureusbiofilm in vitrowas assessed by analyzing biofilm formation in cultures grownin the presence of 1% bromelain and biofilm destruction after the addition of 1% bromelain to mature biofilms. Proteinase K and sodium metaperiodate were also added to mature biofilms in parallel to compare their activity with that of bromelain and, together with exopolysaccharide and protein production rate assays, to determine the chemical composition of the biofilm extracellular matrix of selected strains of S. aureus. Bromelain was also evaluated for its DNase activity and impact on cellular hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation. Mueller-Hinton agar dilution was used to determine bromelain minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Biofilm assays showed that 1% bromelain significantly inhibits S. aureusbiofilm formation (p= 0.0157) by up to 4-fold and destroys its mature biofilms (p < 0.0001) by up to 6.4-fold, both compared to the control grown without bromelain. Biofilms of methicillin-resistant S. aureusstrains isolated from chronic wounds were the most affected by bromelain treatment. No antibacterial activity was detected with bromelain MIC assays and the proteolytic activity of bromelain was identified as the main antibiofilm mechanism of the enzyme, though its DNase activity may also contribute. The epithelial therapeutic properties of bromelain combined with its antibiofilm activity against S. aureusmake it a promising alternative to compose the therapeutic arsenal for the control of S. aureusbiofilms in the context of wound care.(AU)


Asunto(s)
Staphylococcus aureus/inmunología , Bromelaínas/análisis , Biopelículas
3.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 52: e20190243, 2019 Sep 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31508786

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: In recent decades, the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter isolates has increased, and the production of oxacillinase (OXA)-type carbapenemases is the main mechanism underlying resistance. We evaluated OXA production from 114 Acinetobacter isolates collected between March and December 2013 from different clinical specimens of patients in two hospitals (Hospital 1 [n = 61] and Hospital 2 [n = 53]) located in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We also evaluated the genetic diversity of OXA-producing isolates. METHODS: All the isolates were identified through the automated system Vitek II and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF MS as belonging to the A. baumannii-A. calcoaceticuscomplex. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were verified through agar diffusion tests. The presence of OXA-encoding genes was confirmed by PCR. The genetic diversity of isolates positive for carbapenemase production was analyzed through pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: There was a high rate of resistance to carbapenems in the isolates (imipenem: 96%; meropenem: 92%) from both hospitals. Moreover, a high percentage (95.6%) of OXA-23-positive isolates was observed for both hospitals, indicating that this was the main mechanism of carbapenem-resistance among the studied population. In addition, most isolates (96.5%) were positive for bla OXA-51. A high genetic diversity and a few major genotypes were found among the OXA-23-positive isolates analyzed. Only intra-hospital dissemination was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The elevated dissemination of bla OXA-23-like observed among Acinetobacter isolates from both the studied hospitals highlights the need for continuous epidemiological surveillance in these institutions.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Acinetobacter/microbiología , Acinetobacter/enzimología , beta-Lactamasas/biosíntesis , Acinetobacter/efectos de los fármacos , Acinetobacter/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Brasil , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Hospitales Generales , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , beta-Lactamasas/efectos de los fármacos
4.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;52: e20190243, 2019. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1020442

RESUMEN

Abstract INTRODUCTION In recent decades, the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter isolates has increased, and the production of oxacillinase (OXA)-type carbapenemases is the main mechanism underlying resistance. We evaluated OXA production from 114 Acinetobacter isolates collected between March and December 2013 from different clinical specimens of patients in two hospitals (Hospital 1 [n = 61] and Hospital 2 [n = 53]) located in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We also evaluated the genetic diversity of OXA-producing isolates. METHODS All the isolates were identified through the automated system Vitek II and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry MALDI-TOF MS as belonging to the A. baumannii-A. calcoaceticuscomplex. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were verified through agar diffusion tests. The presence of OXA-encoding genes was confirmed by PCR. The genetic diversity of isolates positive for carbapenemase production was analyzed through pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. RESULTS There was a high rate of resistance to carbapenems in the isolates (imipenem: 96%; meropenem: 92%) from both hospitals. Moreover, a high percentage (95.6%) of OXA-23-positive isolates was observed for both hospitals, indicating that this was the main mechanism of carbapenem-resistance among the studied population. In addition, most isolates (96.5%) were positive for bla OXA-51. A high genetic diversity and a few major genotypes were found among the OXA-23-positive isolates analyzed. Only intra-hospital dissemination was observed. CONCLUSIONS The elevated dissemination of bla OXA-23-like observed among Acinetobacter isolates from both the studied hospitals highlights the need for continuous epidemiological surveillance in these institutions.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Acinetobacter/enzimología , beta-Lactamasas/efectos de los fármacos , Infecciones por Acinetobacter/microbiología , Acinetobacter/efectos de los fármacos , Acinetobacter/genética , beta-Lactamasas/biosíntesis , Brasil , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Hospitales Generales , Antibacterianos/farmacología
5.
FEMS Microbiol Lett ; 364(23)2017 Dec 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29099921

RESUMEN

This study aimed to investigate classical enterotoxin (sea to see) and mecA genes, by polymerase chain reaction and anitimicrobial susceptibility, by disk diffusion test of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from minas frescal cheese (MFC). All methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates were investigated for the presence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes and clonal diversity. Thirty-one S. aureus were isolated from four MFC samples. Seven (22.6%) S. aureus carried mecA gene and two of them carried enterotoxin genes seb/sec and sea/seb. Five (16.1%) S. aureus isolates showed induced resistance to clindamycin and nine (29%) were resistant to multiple -antibiotics (MDR), among these, six were MRSA. No MRSA isolates presented the PVL genes. Four MRSA were grouped into three clones and three isolates were not typable by pulsed field gel electrophoresis. MRSA isolates showed, by multilocus sequence typing, sequence types ST1, ST5, ST72 and ST4304 (new ST) and S. aureus protein A (spa type) t127, t568 and t2703. These data suggest that MFC may constitute a risk to the consumer because of its potential for staphylococcal food poisoning; however it might, also, become one of MRSA and MDR strains disseminator, including clones usually found in the hospital environment.


Asunto(s)
Queso/microbiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Enterotoxinas/genética , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Genes Bacterianos/genética , Variación Genética , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/genética , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente a Meticilina/patogenicidad , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Tipificación de Secuencias Multilocus
6.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 34(4): 403-407, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-830745

RESUMEN

Abstract Objective: Study the use of magistral oral solutions and suspensions in infants and children at a university hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive study based on the analysis of the assessed hospital's magistral drug request forms regarding the patients in the neonatal ICU, Obstetrics, Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency from January 2012 to December 2013. The frequency of drug requests and dispensation was evaluated and the consumption of each active ingredient of the preparations was expressed as number of “infant defined daily dose” (iDDD) and of iDDD/100 bed-days. Results: A total of 657 forms were analyzed - a monthly average of 27 pediatric preparations. The neonatal ICU accounted for 69.6% of these requests. Twenty-one drug items were used, of which the most common were folinic acid (88 requests), sulfadiazine (85) and captopril (73). The consumption of the active principle in these preparations varied in number of iDDD, from 7.5 (hydralazine) to 16,520.0 (folic acid), and in number of iDDD/100 bed-days in the neonatal ICU, from 0.1 (zinc sulfate) to 146.1 (folic acid). Conclusions: The constant consumption of magistral oral solutions and suspensions by newborns and children of the assessed hospital indicates the need for such preparations as a pediatric therapeutic alternative in this hospital.


Resumo Objetivo: Estudar o uso de soluções e suspensões orais magistrais em recém-nascidos e crianças de um hospital universitário. Métodos: Foi feito um estudo descritivo a partir da análise dos formulários de solicitação de manipulação do hospital estudado referentes aos pacientes da UTI-neonatal, obstetrícia, pediatria e emergência pediátrica de janeiro de 2012 a dezembro de 2013. As frequências das solicitações e dispensações desses medicamentos foram avaliadas e o consumo de cada princípio ativo das preparações foram expressos sob a forma de número de infant defined daily dose (iDDD) e de iDDD/100 leitos-dia. Resultados: Foram analisados 657 formulários - média mensal de 27 preparações pediátricas. A UTI-neonatal foi responsável por 69,6% dessas solicitações. Foram usados 21 itens de medicamentos, destacou-se o uso de ácido folínico (88 solicitações), sulfadiazina (85) e captopril (73). O consumo de princípio-ativo nessas preparações variou, em número de iDDD, de 7,5 (hidralazina) a 16.520 (ácido fólico) e em número de iDDD/100 leitos-dia da UTI-neonatal, de 0,1 (sulfato de zinco) a 146,1 (ácido fólico). Conclusões: O consumo constante das soluções e suspensões orais magistrais pelos recém-nascidos e crianças do hospital estudado indica a necessidade dessas preparações como opção terapêutica pediátrica nesse hospital.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Recién Nacido , Medicamentos bajo Prescripción/uso terapéutico , Soluciones/uso terapéutico , Suspensiones/uso terapéutico , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Administración Oral , Estudios Retrospectivos , Composición de Medicamentos , Hospitalización , Hospitales Universitarios
7.
Rev Paul Pediatr ; 34(4): 403-407, 2016 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27131897

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Study the use of magistral oral solutions and suspensions in infants and children at a university hospital. METHODS: This is a descriptive study based on the analysis of the assessed hospital's magistral drug request forms regarding the patients in the neonatal ICU, Obstetrics, Pediatrics and Pediatric Emergency from January 2012 to December 2013. The frequency of drug requests and dispensation was evaluated and the consumption of each active ingredient of the preparations was expressed as number of "infant defined daily dose" (iDDD) and of iDDD/100 bed-days. RESULTS: A total of 657 forms were analyzed - a monthly average of 27 pediatric preparations. The neonatal ICU accounted for 69.6% of these requests. Twenty-one drug items were used, of which the most common were folinic acid (88 requests), sulfadiazine (85) and captopril (73). The consumption of the active principle in these preparations varied in number of iDDD, from 7.5 (hydralazine) to 16,520.0 (folic acid), and in number of iDDD/100 bed-days in the neonatal ICU, from 0.1 (zinc sulfate) to 146.1 (folic acid). CONCLUSIONS: The constant consumption of magistral oral solutions and suspensions by newborns and children of the assessed hospital indicates the need for such preparations as a pediatric therapeutic alternative in this hospital.


Asunto(s)
Medicamentos bajo Prescripción/uso terapéutico , Soluciones , Suspensiones , Administración Oral , Niño , Composición de Medicamentos , Hospitalización , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Estudios Retrospectivos , Soluciones/uso terapéutico , Suspensiones/uso terapéutico
8.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 52(1): 125-135, Jan.-Mar. 2016. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-789086

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT The practice of immersion in burn patient has been abandoned in many parts of the world but in Brazil it is still common. The aim of this study was to ascertain if balneotherapy is a risk factor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization in thermally injured patients. Eighteen patients from a Burn Center were studied for 14 weeks for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Samples were collected by swabbing the exudate of wounds, before and after giving bath to the patients and from balneotherapy table. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was used to determine bacterial genetic relatedness. Thirty-seven P. aeruginosa isolates were detected from 292 swabs collected from patients' burn surface area and from the balneotherapy table. Profile analysis of P. aeruginosa DNA fragmentation showed 10 clones among the 37 strains analyzed. Type A is the most prevalent clone, with 23 strains distributed into eight subtypes. These were present in the swabs collected, before and after the patients' bath, from the surface of the bath table, suggesting that there was cross-contamination between the patients in different ways. This work demonstrates that balneotherapy is a risk factor in the Burn Center studied, because the same clone was found among P. aeruginosa isolates collected at various points and times.


RESUMO A prática de balneotarapia em paciente queimado foi abandonada em muitas partes do mundo, mas no Brasil ainda é comum. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se a balneoterapia é um fator de risco para a colonização por Pseudomonas aeruginosa em pacientes queimados. Dezoito pacientes internados em um Centro de Queimadura (CQ) foram acompanhados por 14 semanas. Amostras foram coletadas do exsudato de feridas, antes e depois do banho dos pacientes e também da mesa onde a balneoterapia foi realizada. A relação genética entre as cepas de P. aeruginosa foi determinada pela electroforese em gel de campo pulsado. Trinta e sete cepas foram detectadas a partir de 292 swabs coletados de área de superfície das feridas dos pacientes e da mesa de balneoterapia. Análise de fragmentação do DNA das 37 P. aeruginosa mostrou a existência de 10 clones. O tipo A foi o clone mais prevalente, com 23 cepas distribuídas em oito subtipos. Estas estavam presentes nas lesões dos pacientes antes e após o banho e na mesa onde o banho foi realizado, sugerindo contaminação cruzada inter e intra-pacientes e pacientes e mesa de banho. Este trabalho mostra que a balneoterapia é um fator de risco para colonização por P. aeruginosa, no CQ estudado, pois um mesmo clone da bactéria foi encontrado nos isolados coletados em vários pontos e épocas diferentes.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/patogenicidad , Balneología/métodos , Factores de Riesgo , Quemaduras/complicaciones , Electroforesis/métodos
9.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop ; 48(2): 212-5, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25992939

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Acquired production of metallo-ß-lactamases is an important mechanism of resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The objective of this study was to investigate the production of metallo-ß-lactamase and the genetic diversity among ceftazidime-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates from State of Sergipe, Brazil. METHODS: Metallo-ß-lactamase was investigated using the disk approximation test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Genetic diversity was evaluated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS: A total of 48 (51.6%) isolates were resistant to ceftazidime. Six (12.2%) of these were positive for metallo-ß-lactamase production. Only two (4.1%) of the ceftazidime-resistant isolates carried the bla SPM-1 gene. CONCLUSIONS: Production of metallo-ß-lactamases was not the main mechanism of resistance to ceftazidime and carbapenems among P. aeruginosa strains in Sergipe, Brazil.


Asunto(s)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzimología , beta-Lactamasas/biosíntesis , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Brasil , Pruebas Antimicrobianas de Difusión por Disco , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Variación Genética , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genética
10.
Braz. j. pharm. sci ; 50(2): 261-267, Apr-Jun/2014. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-722196

RESUMEN

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSHa) are important coagulase-negative staphylococci. They are often isolated from bacteremia in humans mainly due to their ability to form biofilm on the surfaces of medical devices. Papain is a complex mixture of proteolytic enzymes and peroxidases extracted from the latex of Carica papaya and it is recognized by accelerating the healing process of wounds. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of the MRSE and MRSHa isolates to produce biofilms. Besides this, the ability of papain to inhibit the formation of biofilms or to disrupt the ones already formed by those bacteria was analyzed. Thirty MRSHa and 30 MRSE were isolated from bacteremia and used in this study. It was observed that papain has ability to reduce biofilms formed by MRSE (p < 0.06) and by MRSHa (p = 0.0005). In addition, papain was able to disrupt mature biofilms made by MRSE (p = 0.014). No antibacterial activity of papain was observed for any isolates of MRSE and MRSHa tested. Papain has been demonstrated as a potential product for reducing biofilm.


Staphylococcus epidermidis resistente à meticilina (MRSE) e Staphylococcus haemolyticus resistente à meticilina (MRSHa) são importantes estafilococos coagulase negativa. São frequentemente isolados em bacteremia humana, principalmente devido à capacidade de formar biofilmes nas superfícies de dispositivos médicos introduzidos no organismo. A papaína é mistura complexa de enzimas proteolíticas e peroxidases extraídas do látex de Carica papaya, reconhecida por acelerar os processos de cura de feridas. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a capacidade dos MRSE e MRSHa em produzir biofilmes e analisar a capacidade da papaína em inibir a formação de biofilme ou desintegrar biofilmes já formados por essas bactérias. Observou-se que a papaína tem capacidade de reduzir a formação de biofilme por MRSE (p < 0,06) e MRSHa (p = 0,0005). Além disso, a papaína foi capaz de desintegrar biofilme maduro formado por MRSE (p = 0,014). Nenhuma atividade antibacteriana da papaína foi observada para qualquer das duas espécies de bactérias testadas. A papaína mostrou-se produto potencial para reduzir biofilme.


Asunto(s)
Staphylococcus epidermidis , Papaína/análisis , Resistencia a la Meticilina , Biopelículas/clasificación , Staphylococcus haemolyticus , Equipos y Suministros
11.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz ; 108(6): 812-3, 2013 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24037208

RESUMEN

We analysed the antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation and genotypic profiles of 27 isolates of Staphylococcus haemolyticus obtained from the blood of 19 patients admitted to a hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Our analysis revealed a clinical significance of 36.8% and a multi-resistance rate of 92.6% among these isolates. All but one isolate carried the mecA gene. The staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec type I was the most prevalent mec element detected (67%). Nevertheless, the isolates showed clonal diversity based on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis. The ability to form biofilms was detected in 66% of the isolates studied. Surprisingly, no icaAD genes were found among the biofilm-producing isolates.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Bacteriemia , Biopelículas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Farmacorresistencia Microbiana/fisiología , Staphylococcus haemolyticus , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Bacteriemia/tratamiento farmacológico , Bacteriemia/microbiología , Niño , Preescolar , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Staphylococcus haemolyticus/efectos de los fármacos , Staphylococcus haemolyticus/genética , Staphylococcus haemolyticus/fisiología , Adulto Joven
12.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; Braz. j. infect. dis;16(6): 521-526, Nov.-Dec. 2012. ilus, tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-658921

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Acinetobacter spp. have emerged as notorious pathogens involved in healthcareassociated infections. Carbapenems are important antimicrobial agents for treating infections due to multidrug resistant Acinetobacter spp. Different mechanisms may confer resistance to these drugs in the genus, particularly production of class D carbapenemases. OXA-23-like family has been pointed out as one of the predominant carbapenamases among Acinetobacter. The present work aimed to investigate the occurrence of OXA-23-like carbapenemases among Acinetobacter isolates recovered from patients of a university hospital in Niterói, RJ, Brazil. METHODS: Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were determined by disk-diffusion. Imipenem resistant isolates were submitted to Modified Hodge Test in order to screen for carbapenemase production, and later to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to investigate the presence of blaOXA-23. RESULTS: Imipenem and meropenem resistance rates were 71.4% and 69.7%, respectively. The Modified Hodge Test revealed carbapenemase production among 76 (89.4%) of the 85 imipenem resistant isolates analyzed; according to PCR results, 81 isolates (95.4%) carried the blaOXA-23 gene. CONCLUSIONS: OXA-23-like enzymes may be an important mechanism of carbapenem resistance among isolates present in the hospital studied.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Acinetobacter/enzimología , beta-Lactamasas/análisis , Acinetobacter/efectos de los fármacos , Acinetobacter/aislamiento & purificación , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Brasil , Pruebas Antimicrobianas de Difusión por Disco , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana , Hospitales Universitarios , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , beta-Lactamasas/genética
15.
Braz J Infect Dis ; 16(5): 476-8, 2012.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22980583

RESUMEN

Three isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae, recovered from residents of the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro with significant bacteriuria, were found to be resistant to levofloxacin. Determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) confirmed one isolate as intermediate and two as resistant to levofloxacin. No reduction in levofloxacin MIC was observed with reserpine, indicating that resistance was not caused by an efflux mechanism. Typical point mutations were observed in the quinolone resistance determinant region of gyrA and parC. Other point mutations in parC generated novel altered codons: Ser80→Pro in the intermediate resistance isolate, and Gly128→Asp in a resistant isolate. Through molecular modeling, it was possible to observe that these novel substitutions might not play a role in resistance, since these amino acids were not involved in the antibiotic binding site. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis profiles revealed a non-clonal trend among these isolates. This is the first report of genetic characterization of levofloxacin-resistant S. agalactiae strains in Brazil.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Topoisomerasa de ADN IV/genética , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana/genética , Fluoroquinolonas/farmacología , Streptococcus agalactiae/efectos de los fármacos , Adolescente , Anciano , Brasil , Girasa de ADN/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mutación Puntual , Embarazo , Streptococcus agalactiae/genética , Streptococcus agalactiae/aislamiento & purificación , Adulto Joven
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