RESUMEN
Fatty acid profiling through the rapid analysis of capillary blood collected by fingertip prick could enable economical screening for omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status, although the typical requirement of fasting prior to sample collection may limit application. We hypothesize that moderate changes in omega-3 biomarkers determined from fingertip-prick blood will occur and correspond to omega-3 PUFA content of the meals. Eight participants consumed a single breakfast with high fat, high fat with omega-3 functional foods, and low fat and low fat with fish oil capsules in a cross-over design. The fatty acid composition of fingertip-prick blood total lipid and venous blood erythrocyte total lipid, plasma total lipid, plasma triacylglycerol, and plasma phospholipids were analyzed at baseline and 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours after each single breakfast consumption. Omega-3 blood biomarkers; % of omega-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) in total HUFA, weight % of eicosapentaenoic acid+docosahexaenoic acid, weight % of eicosapentaenoic acid+omega-3 docosapentaenoic acid+docosahexaenoic acid, and the ratio of total omega-6 PUFA to total omega-3 PUFA in fingertip-prick blood, did not change from baseline during the postprandial period (P > .05). However, meal type yielded lower (P < .05) % omega-3 HUFA in total HUFA in the low fat meal (22.8 ± 3.9) as compared with the low fat with omega-3 (24.2 ± 3.9) and, the high fat (23.8 ± 4) meals. The ratio of total omega-6 PUFA to total omega-3 PUFA was generally higher in meals without omega-3 compared with omega-3. In conclusion, determinations of omega-3 status by fingertip-prick blood sampling may not require prior overnight fasting.
