RESUMEN
Practices related to vaccines and transfusions aren't free of risk as regards complications and undesired effects. The no. 210/92 law lays down payments to people who are damaged in consequence of the administration of obligatory vaccines, transfusions and haemoderivatives. Our study valued law's sticking, analysing applications for payment sent in by damaged people to some ASL of Lazio and Abruzzo, in the period 1992-2000.
Asunto(s)
Compensación y Reparación/legislación & jurisprudencia , Reacción a la Transfusión , Vacunación/efectos adversos , ItaliaRESUMEN
Diagnostic and therapeutic laparoscopy is a safe procedure, which, however, is not without complications. The rare occurrence of subcutaneous emphysema, as a consequence of pneumoperitoneum, following laparoscopic cholecystectomy, is reported. The mechanism for the development of this complication and its management are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Colecistectomía Laparoscópica/efectos adversos , Complicaciones Intraoperatorias/etiología , Neumoperitoneo Artificial/efectos adversos , Enfisema Subcutáneo/etiología , Cirugía Asistida por Video , Colecistectomía Laparoscópica/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The Vesico-Vaginal Fistula (VVF) very often occur in tropical countries, but their treatment is usually not correct. METHODS: A surgical treatment was carried put on 68 patients affected by VVF from March 1986 to December 19997 in the Nazareth Hospital (Nairobi). Their mean age was 22 years old; 27 patients (39.7%) underwent surgery for the first time, while for 41 patients (60.2%) the treatment was repeated. Fourteen patients (20.5%) had also Vesico-Rectum-Vaginal Fistula (VRV). The VVF was cured with a transvaginal treatment using a Martius strip for 32 cases. For 16 cases both vaginal and abdominal treatment was performed in the same time using an abdominal muscle strip, which was inserted in the space between the vagina and bladder. In VRV and VVF combined cases, the VVF was treated in the following way: first of all, during the same session, the VVF was cured by making a colostomy and then, after 2 months VRV was treated. RESULTS: The follow-up took about 7.2 months; 62 patients (91.1%) recovered, for 6 cases treated only with transvaginal operation, it has been necessary a second surgical procedure owing to relapsing, and for 2 of them an abdominal muscle strip was used. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, while the transvaginal repair is satisfactory treatment for little fistula never surgically treated before, on the other hand the transabdominal vaginal treatment is the best cure forge large or relapsing fistulas.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos Puerperales/cirugía , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Fístula Vesicovaginal/cirugía , Músculos Abdominales/trasplante , Adulto , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Kenia , Recurrencia , Reoperación , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Using an in vitro method that allows the study of the colony forming capacity of phytohemagglutinin stimulated peripheral blood T lymphocytes, we have detected an impaired T cell colony formation in hemodialyzed renal failure patients. By contrast a near normal pattern of responses was observed in patients treated with a conservative therapy. The poor in vitro T cell responsiveness of hemodialyzed patients was not corrected by supplementing the cultures with an adherent cell contitioned medium prepared from normal donors. We conclude that an intrinsic defect of the T cell colony forming capacity exists in hemodialyzed patients.
Asunto(s)
Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Diálisis Renal , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/inmunología , Activación de Linfocitos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were fractionated according to the expression of a variety of surface markers, and the fractions obtained were tested for erythroid burst-forming unit (BFU-E) colony formation. BFU-Es were detected in the HLA-DR+ non-T cell fraction, but gave rise to optimum colony numbers only in the presence of a nonadherent, relatively radioresistant cell. This accessory cell was found among the HLA-DR- non-T, non-B cells, a fraction that was particularly enriched in large granular lymphocytes (LGLs). Experiments carried out to assess directly the surface markers of the accessory cell revealed an FcR+, OKM1+, Leu 7+, Leu 11+, OKT4-, OKT8- surface phenotype, which is consistent with that of the majority of LGLs. Peripheral blood LGLs, purified by Percoll density gradient, proved very efficient in promoting optimal BFU-E colony formation. All of these results indicate that LGLs have a potent erythroid burst-promoting activity. Such activity is probably mediated through the release of soluble factors, as shown by the observation that LGL culture supernatants were as effective as LGLs in sustaining colony formation.
Asunto(s)
Ensayo de Unidades Formadoras de Colonias , Eritropoyesis , Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/fisiología , Linfocitos/fisiología , Antígenos de Superficie/análisis , Separación Celular , Centrifugación por Gradiente de Densidad , Antígenos HLA-DR , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Clase II/análisis , Humanos , Células Asesinas Naturales/inmunología , Linfocitos/clasificación , Linfocitos/inmunología , FenotipoRESUMEN
The administration of anti-lymphocyte globulin in a patient with pure red cell aplasia completely abrogated the PHA-induced T colony forming capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The possible mechanisms of the ALG-induced suppression are discussed. It is proposed that T-colony assays may represent an useful tool for monitoring some effects of immunosuppressive drugs on T cells.
Asunto(s)
Suero Antilinfocítico/inmunología , Fitohemaglutininas/farmacología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Anemia Aplásica/inmunología , Ensayo de Unidades Formadoras de Colonias , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
The capacity of phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated human T cells to develop into colonies in agar has been evaluated in the presence or absence of a variety of peripheral blood mononuclear cell subsets. A subpopulation of non-T, non-B cells with receptors for the Fc portion of IgG (i.e. third population cells or TPC) was found to enhance considerably the T cell colony forming capacity. Since TPC have been previously shown to be highly enriched for large granular lymphocytes (LGL, i.e. cells with cytoplasmic azurophilic granules and acid hydrolases), LGL were purified on Percoll density gradients and tested for their T cell colony enhancing capacity. It was shown that LGL were indeed the cells capable of enhancing the T cell colony formation.