Presencia de mastocitoma en el pabellón auricular en un canino

RESUMEN Los mastocitos cutáneos y subcutáneos son neoplasias compuestas por mastocitos que forman parte de la piel en los caninos. Es un tumor muy común y el tratamiento va enfocado a la agresividad que pudiera presentar. Ocasionalmente se puede administrar un tratamiento local, sin embargo, este no debe considerarse en pacientes con metástasis. La estadificación del tumor es de gran importancia para dar un diagnóstico, tratamiento y pronóstico para aquellos pacientes afectados por esta patología. En este trabajo se presenta el caso clínico de un canino Pastor Alemán de 11 años con la presencia de una estructura ulcerada en el pabellón auricular derecho. Se realizó diagnóstico por citología e histopatológico de mastocitoma canino grado II y baja malignidad de acuerdo con la clasificación de Pakiel. Al paciente se le realizó una resección parcial del pabellón auricular con presencia de bordes limpios en los resultados del estudio histopatológico. El objetivo de este trabajo es reportar un caso clínico con la presencia de mastocitoma en el pabellón auricular en un perro doméstico.

ABSTRACT Cutaneous and subcutaneous mast cells tumor are neoplasms composed of mast cells that are part of the skin in canines. It is a very common tumor and the treatment is focused on the aggressiveness that it may present. Sometimes it can be limited to local treatment, but if there are metastases, the prognosis can be favorable. Tumor staging is of great importance to give a diagnosis, treatment and prognosis for those patients affected by this pathology. In this work, we present the clinical case of an 11-year-old German shepherd canine with the presence of an ulcerated mass in the right auricle. The diagnosis was made by cytology and histopathology of canine mastocytoma grade II and low malignancy according to Pakiel's classification. The patient underwent a partial resection of the auricle with the presence of clean borders in the histopathological results. This is the first report of the presence of canine mastocytoma in the pinna in a canine.

Cuidado espiritual y espiritualidad en la formación académica en enfermería: revisión de alcance / Cuidado espiritual e espiritualidade na formação acadêmica de enfermagem: revisão de escopo / Spiritual care and spirituality in academic nursing training: A scoping review

Objective: To map existing studies in scientific literature addressing spiritual care and spirituality in academic nursing training. Materials and method: This is a scoping review, whose article search was conducted in July 2023 in the databases Scopus, Medline/ PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google® Scholar, and through a manual search of entries in the list of references of selected papers. The following research question was formulated for this study: How are spiritual care and spirituality addressed in academic nursing training? After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final sample consisted of 45 papers. Results: The main findings highlight a deficit in academic training, the importance of teachers as facilitators of the teaching-learning process, the essential methodologies to address the issue of spirituality, and the specific competences required in spiritual care, such as communication, empathy, attitude towards the patient's spirituality, personal support, counseling, and the proper application of the nursing process in this type of care. Conclusions: This review made it possible to identify how spiritual care and spirituality are addressed in the academic training of nurses, where the insertion of educational resources for spiritual care and approaches based on competences were emphasized. Despite this, spiritual-related teaching is still deficient in academic formation. Studies recommend modifying the curriculum to strengthen competencies related to spirituality and spiritual care in the nursing academy

Objetivo: mapear los estudios existentes en la literatura científica relacionados con el cuidado espiritual y la espiritualidad en la formación académica en enfermería. Materiales y método: revisión de alcance cuya búsqueda se realizó en julio de 2023 en las bases de datos Scopus, Medline/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google® Scholar y por medio de una búsqueda manual en las listas de referencia de documentos seleccionados. Se delimitó la siguiente pregunta de investigación: ¿cómo se aborda el cuidado espiritual y la espiritualidad en la formación académica de enfermería? Tras la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, la muestra final estuvo conformada por 45 estudios. Resultados: los principales resultados señalan un déficit en la formación académica, la importancia de los docentes como facilitadores del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, las metodologías esenciales para abordar el asunto de la espiritualidad y las competencias específicas en el cuidado espiritual, entre las que se cuentan la comunicación, la empatía, la actitud frente a la espiritualidad del paciente, el apoyo personal, el asesoramiento y la correcta aplicación del proceso de enfermería en este tipo de cuidado. Conclusiones: esta revisión permitió identificar la manera en que el cuidado espiritual y la espiritualidad son abordados en la formación académica de los profesionales en enfermería, donde destaca la adopción de recursos educativos para el cuidado espiritual y el enfoque basado en competencias. No obstante, este tipo de enseñanza aún es deficiente en la formación académica en enfermería. Por ello, algunas investigaciones recomiendan modificar el plan de estudios de los programas en enfermería con el fin de fortalecer las competencias relacionadas con la espiritualidad y el cuidado espiritual.

Objetivo: mapear os estudos existentes na literatura científica relacionados ao cuidado espiritual e à espiritualidade na formação acadêmica de enfermagem. Materiais e método: trata-se de uma revisão de escopo em que a busca foi realizada em julho de 2023 nas seguintes fontes de dados: Scopus, Medline/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google® Scholar e busca manual de documentos em listas de referências dos artigos selecionados. Delimitou-se a seguinte questão de pesquisa: "como o cuidado espiritual e a espiritualidade são abordados na formação acadêmica de enfermagem?". Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, a amostra final foi composta de 45 estudos. Resultados: os principais resultados encontrados foram o déficit na formação acadêmica; a importância do professor como facilitador do processo ensino-aprendizagem; as metodologias essenciais para abordar o tema, bem como as competências específicas no cuidado espiritual, como a comunicação, a empatia, a atitude perante a espiritualidade do paciente, o apoio pessoal, o aconselhamento e a aplicação adequada do processo de enfermagem nesse tipo de cuidado. Conclusões: os resultados desta revisão permitem identificar como o cuidado espiritual e a espiritualidade são abordados na formação acadêmica de enfermagem, em que se destaca a inserção de recursos educacionais para o cuidado espiritual e abordagens baseadas em competências. No entanto, esse ensino ainda é deficiente na formação acadêmica. Por isso, alguns estudos recomendam modificar o currículo acadêmico de enfermagem a fim de fortalecer competências relacionadas à espiritualidade e ao cuidado espiritual.

Nontechnical skills training in intensive care units: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study is aimed at describing a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of nontechnical skills training on the acquisition of knowledge, skills or attitudes, and changes in behavior at the workplace, of healthcare professionals working in intensive care units (ICUs), as well as the effect on outcomes at an organizational level. We will search for original studies in the PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases. Studies with a clinical trial or quasi-experimental design will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen and assess the included studies, with any disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. We will summarize the findings using a narrative approach and, if possible, conduct a quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). We will conduct the protocol following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. The review will summarize the current evidence on nontechnical skills training in ICUs, examining satisfaction with the training program, improvements in knowledge about nontechnical skills and the adoption of safety behaviors, as well as improvement in outcomes for the organization, such as mortality rates, length of stay and cost indicators. We expect that the systematic review could indicate effective strategies for training ICU professionals in nontechnical skills and also determine whether these strategies really improve the safety culture and professional knowledge and behaviors, as well as patient outcomes and safety.

Recurrent chylopericardium in a patient with history of left leg sarcoma.

Chylopericardium is a rare condition that is characterized by the presence of chyle in the pericardial space due to idiopathic (primary) or secondary causes. We present a 43-year-old female with hypothyroidism and left lower extremity sarcoma which were treated with resection and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy that was found with moderate pericardial effusion in surveillance tests. The patient was initially treated with tube thoracostomy and conservative management but presented with recurrence. Eventually, she was treated with left thoracotomy, ligation of the thoracic duct and pericardiectomy.

High intestinal parasite infection detected in children from Región Autónoma Atlántico Norte (R.A.A.N.) of Nicaragua.

There is a lack of epidemiological information concerning intestinal parasitic infections, and especially in soil-transmitted helminths, occurring in some departments of Nicaragua. Up to now, this is the first study involving two nearby areas (Puerto Cabezas and Siuna municipalities) of the Región Autónoma Atlántico Norte (R.A.A.N.). One stool sample was analyzed by Kato-Katz, formaldehyde-ethyl acetate concentration method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique, and a simple questionnaire concerning demographic, sanitary and behavioral data was distributed among 735 children and evaluated. Overall prevalence of infection reached 97.0%, being the highest prevalences detected in all Nicaragua. The higher protozoan prevalence appears in Siuna (94.5%), a rural interior municipality, with a typical tropical monsoon climate, while the higher helminths rates were reached in Puerto Cabezas (92.8%), the urbanized coastal capital, with a typical tropical rainforest climate. No statistical differences were found with regard to sex. However, the 6-11-year age-group children presented the highest prevalences. Most T. trichiura infections (59.4%) were of light intensity, while 51.7% of Ascaris lumbricoides were of moderate intensity. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that those who drink rainwater and walk barefoot were 2.9 and 2.5 times more likely to have helminth infections, respectively. Results from one geographical setting might not be applied to other nearby with different climatic conditions. The use of anthelmintic drugs only will not be sufficient to bring prevalence to low levels. It is necessary to design geographically more specific intervention, with communication and interaction between different disciplines (e.g. parasitology, biochemistry, molecular biology, epidemiology, public health, etc.) being imperative to reduce STH infection.

Tecnologias utilizadas para apoio ao processo de enfermagem: revisão de escopo / Tecnologías utilizadas para apoyar el proceso de enfermería: revisión de alcance / Technologies used to support the nursing process: scoping review

Resumo Objetivo: Identificar e mapear as tecnologias utilizadas para apoio ao processo de enfermagem. Métodos: Trata-se de uma scoping review, realizada em Novembro e Dezembro de 2019, em 15 bases de dados nacionais e internacionais. Os dados para análise foram extraídos a partir de indicadores para uma planilha do Microsoft Excell 2010®. Resultados: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 14 estudos, publicados principalmente no ano de 2017 e oriundos do Brasil. As tecnologias desenvolvidas são principalmente software, voltados para o ensino e como público alvo profissionais que já atuam na assistência à saúde. Conclusão: A pesquisa aponta que a inserção de tecnologias para apoio ao processo de enfermagem é crescente e está voltado principalmente para o ensino, com a finalidade de fortalecer a formação dos enfermeiros.

Resumen Objetivo: Identificar y mapear las tecnologías utilizadas para apoyar el proceso de enfermería. Métodos: Se trata de una scoping review, realizada en noviembre y diciembre de 2019, en 15 bases de datos nacionales e internacionales. Los datos para el análisis fueron extraídos a partir de indicadores a una planilla de Microsoft Excel 2010®. Resultados: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 14 estudios, publicados principalmente en 2017 y oriundos de Brasil. La principal tecnología desarrollada es software, utilizados para la enseñanza, cuyo público destinatario son profesionales que ya actúan en la atención a la salud. Conclusión: El estudio indica que la incorporación de tecnologías para apoyar el proceso de enfermería está creciendo y se orienta principalmente a la enseñanza, con la finalidad de fortalecer la formación de los enfermeros.

Abstract Objective: To identify and map the technologies used to support the nursing process. Methods: This is a scoping review carried out in November and December 2019, in 15 national and international databases. Data for analysis were extracted from indicators for a spreadsheet of Microsoft Excell 2010®. Results: The study sample consisted of 14 studies, published mainly in 2017 and from Brazil. The technologies developed are mainly software, aimed at teaching and as target audience professionals who already work in health care. Conclusion: The research points out that the insertion of technologies to support the nursing process is growing and is mainly focused on teaching, with the purpose of strengthening nursing training.

Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections and Anemia in Schoolchildren from Corn Island Archipelago (RAAS, Nicaragua).

The prevalence and intensity of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in schoolchildren from Corn Islands (Nicaragua) were examined to detect mono- or poly-STH infected children, measuring different intensity levels, and to elucidate measurably increased odds of being anemic. A total of 341 stool samples provided by 2- to 15-year-old children were examined using a concentration technique and a Kato-Katz slide. Intensity of infection was expressed as eggs per gram (epg) of feces to classify light, moderate, or heavy intensity infection. A finger-prick blood sample was obtained from each student in the field. Soil-transmitted helminth prevalence was 54.3%, with Trichuris trichiura as the most prevalent species (48.9%). The combination T. trichiura/Ascaris lumbricoides (12.6%) was the most common. When T. trichiura or A. lumbricoides appeared as a single infection, light or moderate intensity infections were seen, whereas when multiple species were identified, heavy infections were present. Anemia was detected in those with any kind of STH infection (42.7%), with statistically significant differences (P = 0.004) when compared with uninfected individuals (28.2%). Polyparasite infection with one parasite species at moderate intensity and the other parasite species at light intensity or absent was found to be a significant factor for the odds of being anemic (odds ratio = 2.07). The present study reveals a high level of STH transmission requiring a deworming control program in Corn Islands and pointing to the need of improving the education and sanitary conditions of the population to avoid environmental contamination and reinfection.

Transcultural adaptation and new proposal for the nursing outcome, Physical condition (2004).

OBJECTIVES: cross-culturally adapt to the Spanish context and make a new proposal for the nursing outcome, Physical Condition (2004), of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) for its precise use in clinical practice. METHOD: a cross-cultural adaptation study and a proposal for the nursing outcome, Physical Condition, was conducted and supported by the opinion of 26 experts. The data was obtained through an electronic form, and a quantitative analysis was conducted, using the SPSS software. RESULTS: the version adapted to the Spanish context was obtained and the proposal of the outcome, Physical Condition, received agreement from 26 experts, with a mean score greater than 7.6 for adequacy of the outcome definition and its indicators, and 8.5 for the relevance of the indicators. CONCLUSIONS: the version adapted to the Spanish context and a new proposal for Physical Condition were obtained. The results obtained indicate a high level of adequacy and relevance, an instrument of great utility in the clinic, and research was obtained to evaluate the interventions directed to the improvement of the physical condition.

Enteroparasites in Preschool Children on the Pacific Region of Nicaragua.

The aim of this study was to determine for the first time the prevalence of enteroparasites in preschool children originating from the seven departments of the Pacific region in Nicaragua. One stool sample of each of 1,217 children, from 6 months to 5 years of age, was collected and personal data were recorded on delivery of the container. Samples fixed in 10% formalin were processed by a formol-acetate concentration and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique. The overall prevalence of enteroparasite infections was 68.2% with a total of at least 20 species. Blastocystis hominis (45.5%), Giardia intestinalis (31.7%), Trichuris trichiura (8.2%), and Ascaris lumbricoides (5.2%) were the most prevalent protozoa and helminth species in the total study as well as in all departments. Protozoan prevalence presented a statistically significant difference by gender (male: 69.6%; female: 46.7%; P < 0.001), and males presented a higher T. trichiura infection rate than females (male: 9.9%; female 6.4%; P < 0.035). Protozoan prevalence increased with age with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Helminths were always more prevalent in urban areas (P < 0.0002). Protozoan infections result statistically higher than helminth infections so that water-based transmission could be suspected. Based on the differences with respect to species and parasite prevalence between the seven departments in the Pacific region of Nicaragua, the exploration of local factors associated with the transmission of enteroparasites should also be considered to reduce infection.

Transcultural adaptation and new proposal for the nursing outcome, Physical condition (2004) / Adaptação transcultural e nova proposta do resultado de enfermagem Condição física (2004) / Adaptación transcultural y nueva propuesta del resultado de enfermería Condición física (2004)

ABSTRACT Objectives: cross-culturally adapt to the Spanish context and make a new proposal for the nursing outcome, Physical Condition (2004), of the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) for its precise use in clinical practice. Method: a cross-cultural adaptation study and a proposal for the nursing outcome, Physical Condition, was conducted and supported by the opinion of 26 experts. The data was obtained through an electronic form, and a quantitative analysis was conducted, using the SPSS software. Results: the version adapted to the Spanish context was obtained and the proposal of the outcome, Physical Condition, received agreement from 26 experts, with a mean score greater than 7.6 for adequacy of the outcome definition and its indicators, and 8.5 for the relevance of the indicators. Conclusions: the version adapted to the Spanish context and a new proposal for Physical Condition were obtained. The results obtained indicate a high level of adequacy and relevance, an instrument of great utility in the clinic, and research was obtained to evaluate the interventions directed to the improvement of the physical condition.

RESUMO Objetivos: adaptar transculturalmente ao contexto espanhol e idealizar uma nova proposta do resultado de enfermagem Condição física (2004) da Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) para uso acurado na prática clínica. Método: foi realizado um estudo de adaptação transcultural e elaboração de proposta do resultado de enfermagem Condição física, comprovada pela opinião de 26 especialistas. Os dados foram coletados por meio de formulário eletrônico e análise quantitativa foi realizada utilizando o software SPSS. Resultados: obteve-se a versão adaptada ao contexto espanhol e proposta do resultado de enfermagem Condição física a partir do consenso de 26 especialistas, com uma pontuação média superior a 7.6 para a adequação da definição do resultado e de seus indicadores e 8.5 para a relevância dos indicadores. Conclusões: obteve-se a versão adaptada ao contexto espanhol e uma nova proposta do resultado Condição física. Os resultados obtidos indicam um alto nível de adequação e relevância. Um instrumento de grande utilidade na clínica e pesquisa foi obtido para avaliar as intervenções direcionadas à melhoria da condição física.

RESUMEN Objetivos: adaptar transculturalmente al contexto español y realizar una nueva propuesta del resultado de enfermería Condición física (2004) de la Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) para su uso preciso en la práctica clínica. Método: se llevó a cabo un estudio de adaptación transcultural y una propuesta del resultado de enfermería Condición física, avalada por la opinión de 26 expertos. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante un formulario electrónico y se llevó a cabo un análisis cuantitativo utilizando el software SPSS. Resultados: se obtuvo la versión adaptada al contexto español y la propuesta del resultado Condición física consensuada por 26 expertos, con una puntuación media superior a 7.6 en la adecuación de la definición del resultado y de sus indicadores y 8.5 en la relevancia de los indicadores. Conclusiones: se obtuvo la versión adaptada al contexto español y una nueva propuesta del resultado Condición física. Los resultados obtenidos indican un alto nivel de adecuación y relevancia, se obtuvo un instrumento de gran utilidad en la clínica e investigación para evaluar las intervenciones dirigidas a la mejora de la condición física.

¿Némesis obstétrica o disminución del riesgo? A debate bioético el abordaje intervencionista en los partos de bajo riesgo / Obstetric nemesis or decrease risk? A discussion bioethical the approach interventionist in low-risk deliveries / Nemesis obstétrica ou diminuição do risco? A debate bioético a abordagem intervencionista em partos de baixo risco

Resumen: Desde hace décadas el parto de bajo riesgo ha sido abordado, fundamentalmente en el ámbito clínico-hospitalario, desde una perspectiva intervencionista, caracterizada por la medicalización, tecnificación y mecanización asistencial. En este contexto se sitúa el presente estudio, cuyo objetivo ha sido explorar las limitaciones bioéticas de este paradigma asistencial intervencionista, mediante el análisis de su pragmatismo clínico frente a otros abordajes más humanistas. Para ello se ha llevado a cabo un profundo análisis documental en diferentes bases de datos del ámbito de las ciencias médicas y sociales, seleccionando tanto artículos de difusión científica como libros, declaraciones, estrategias y guías de práctica clínica. Los resultados muestran un patrón asistencial medicalizado, que parece incrementar las intervenciones no justificadas y con ello los efectos iatrogénicos en los partos de bajo riesgo. Se concluye que estamos ante una cultura del nacimiento que, en cierta medida, vulnera los principios bioéticos fundamentales, al subyugar la dignidad de la corporalidad femenina a intereses económicos contingentes e ideologías transhumanistas, biopolíticas y tayloristas cosificadoras.

Abstract: For decades in low-risk deliveries has been addressed, mainly in the clinical-hospital setting, from an interventionist perspective characterized by medicalization, mechanization and machining care. In this context the present study lies, whose aim was to explore the bioethical limitations of this interventionist paradigm of care through an analysis of its clinical pragmatism compared to other approaches more humanistic. For this it has conducted a thorough analysis of documents in different databases in the field of medical and social sciences, selecting both items of scientific diffusion as books, statements, strategies and clinical practice guidelines. The results show a medicalized care pattern appears to increase the iatrogenic effects in low-risk deliveries. We conclude that this is a culture of birth which, to some, it violates basic bioethical principles to subjugate the dignity of female corporeality to contingent economic interests and transhumanists, biopolitics and taylorist ideologies reifying.

Resumo: Por décadas o parto de baixo risco tem sido abordado, fundamentalmente no campo clinico-hospitalar, a partir de uma perspectiva intervencionista caracterizada pela medicalização, tecnificação e mecanização assitencial. Nesse contexto se situa o presente estudo, cujo objetivo tem sido explorar a limitações bioéticas desse paradigma assistencial intervencionista através da análise de seu pragmatismo clínico frente à outras abordagens mais humanistas. Para isto, fora realizada uma profunda análise documental em diferentes bases de dados no campo das ciências médicas e sociais, selecionando tanto artigos de divulgação científica como livros, declarações, estratégias e guias de prática clínica. Os resultados mostram um padrão assistencial medicalizado que parece intensificar as intervenções não justificadas e, por conseguinte, os efeitos iatrogénicos em partos de baixo risco. Conclui-se estamos diante de uma cultura de nascimento que, em certa medida, viola os princípios bioéticos fundamentais ao subjugar a dignidade da corporalidade feminina por interesses econômicos contingentes e ideologias transumanistas, biopolíticas e tayloristas reificantes.

The cultural dialogue on the domestic dimension of care to immigrant caregivers in Spain.

OBJECTIVES: to determine how the immigration phenomenon influences the response to informal care in the domestic level through the caregiver activity, and to analyze the cultural dialogue established in the residential area of Murcia (Spain). METHOD: This is an ethnographic study, conducted in 26 informal immigrant caregivers. As data collection instruments, semi-structured interviews and participant observation were employed. MAXQDA-2 assisted content analysis was also applied. RESULTS: the immigrant caregiver is the main consumer of traditional medicines, extending these health practices to her home group. A cultural dialogue is established on informal care, characterized by interculturalism and mutual adaptation. CONCLUSIONS: cultural hybridization was identified for informal caregivers, immigrants and cultural integration: new health care practices and cultural behaviors in informal systems. There is a transformation in the roles of family members attended in domestic environments, increasing quality of life and self care. They represent an alternative to medicalization, promoting self-management of health.

The cultural dialogue on the domestic dimension of care to immigrant caregivers in Spain / O diálogo cultural na dimensão doméstica de atendimento em cuidadores imigrantes na Espanha / Diálogo cultural en la dimensión doméstica de cuidar en cuidadores inmigrantes en España

Objectives: to determine how the immigration phenomenon influences the response to informal care in the domestic level through the caregiver activity, and to analyze the cultural dialogue established in the residential area of Murcia (Spain).Method: This is an ethnographic study, conducted in 26 informal immigrant caregivers. As data collection instruments, semi-structured interviews and participant observation were employed. MAXQDA-2 assisted content analysis was also applied.Results: the immigrant caregiver is the main consumer of traditional medicines, extending these health practices to her home group. A cultural dialogue is established on informal care, characterized by interculturalism and mutual adaptation.Conclusions: cultural hybridization was identified for informal caregivers, immigrants and cultural integration: new health care practices and cultural behaviors in informal systems. There is a transformation in the roles of family members attended in domestic environments, increasing quality of life and self care. They represent an alternative to medicalization, promoting self-management of health.

Objetivos: determinar como o fenômeno da imigração influencia na resposta aos cuidados informais a nível doméstico por meio da atividade de um cuidador e analisar o diálogo cultural estabelecido na área habitacional de Múrcia (Espanha).Método: Trata-se de um estudo etnográfico, realizado em 26 cuidadores informais imigrantes. Como instrumentos de coleta de dados foram utilizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante. Análise de conteúdo assistida MAXQDA-2 também foi aplicada.Resultados: a cuidadora imigrante é a principal consumidora de medicamentos tradicionais, estendendo essas práticas de saúde para o grupo doméstico. Um diálogo cultural é estabelecido no cuidado informal, caracterizado pela interculturalidade e adaptação mútua.Conclusões: identifica-se hibridização cultural nas cuidadoras informais imigrantes, intercâmbio e integração cultural: novas práticas de atendimento na saúde e comportamentos culturais em sistemas informais. Há uma transformação nos papéis familiares em atendimento em ambientes domésticos, aumentando a qualidade de vida e autocuidado. Eles representam uma alternativa à medicalização, promovendo a autogestão da saúde.

Objetivos: conocer cómo influye el fenómeno de la inmigración en la respuesta informal de cuidados a nivel doméstico a través de la actividad como cuidador y analizar el diálogo cultural que se establece en el ámbito domiciliario de Murcia (España).Método: se trata de un estudio etnográfico, realizado en 26 cuidadores informales inmigrantes. Como instrumentos de recogida de información utilizamos entrevista semiestructurada y observación participante. Se aplicó análisis de contenido asistido por MAXQDA-2.Resultados: La cuidadora inmigrante es la principal consumidora de medicinas tradicionales, extendiendo estas prácticas de salud al grupo doméstico, favoreciendo el pluralismo asistencial, pero fomentando también su invisibilidad. Se establece un diálogo cultural en el cuidado informal, caracterizado por interculturalismo y adaptación mutua.Conclusiones: se identifica hibridación cultural en las cuidadoras informales inmigrantes, intercambio e integración cultural: nuevas prácticas de atención a la salud y comportamientos culturales en los sistemas informales. Existe una transformación de roles familiares del cuidado en entornos domésticos, aumentando la calidad de vida, autoatención y autocuidado. Representan una alternativa a la medicalización, potenciando la autogestión de salud.

Validação de conteúdo da intervenção de enfermagem Controle Ambiental: segurança do trabalhador / Content validation of the nursing intervention called Environmental Control: worker safety

Objetivo: Validar o conteúdo da intervenção de enfermagem Controle Ambiental: segurança do trabalhador na Espanha. Métodos: Estudo exploratório e descritivo, utilizando o método Fehring associado ao método Delphi. Amostra de 11 especialistas em enfermagem do trabalho. Para a clareza da definição e das atividades, foi utilizada Escala variando entre confusa (1) e clara (7) ou vagamente (1) e exatamente (7). Para ação de enfermagem e a necessidade da atividade para sua intervenção, atribuímos Escala Likert (1- totalmente em desacordo / 5- totalmente de acordo). Resultados: A ação de enfermagem foi considerada crítica com pontuação média de 0,86% (DV=0,23), 73% dos expertos consideraram que o título da intervenção identifica exatamente o conteúdo da definição. Conclusão: A intervenção foi considerada válida para a saúde laboral, com a necessidade da aplicabilidade prática utilizando um sistema de classificação próprio da enfermagem na saúde laboral, com a implementação do Processo de Enfermagem. .

Objective: Validating the content of the nursing intervention called Environmental Control: worker safety in Spain. Methods: An exploratory and descriptive study using the Fehring method associated with the Delphi method and a sample of 11 experts in occupational nursing. For the clarity of definition and the activities was used a scale ranging from confusing (1) and clear (7) or vaguely (1) and exactly (7). A Likert scale (1 - totally disagree /5 - totally agree) was used for the nursing action and the need of the activity for its intervention. Results: The nursing action was considered as critical with the mean score of 0.86% (SD=0.23) and 73 % of the experts considered that the title of the intervention exactly identifies the contents of the definition. Conclusion: The intervention was considered valid for occupational health with the need for practical applicability using a system of classification specific for occupational health nursing, with the Nursing Process implementation. .

Cómo cuantificar los aspectos cualitativos en escalas de clasificación de resultados NOC para etiquetas psico-socioculturales / Como quantificar os aspectos qualitativos nas escalas de classificação de resultados NOC para etiquetas psicossocioculturais / How to quantify the qualitative aspects of nursing outcomes classification scales with psychosociocultural indicators

El hecho de trabajar necesariamente con escalas Likert en la medición de resultados NOC tiene la ventaja de la unificación, pero acarrea también la dificultad de cómo reducirlo a un número del 1 al 5, especialmente cuando una investigación es cualitativa y que por tanto trabaja con palabras y expresiones, con observaciones y percepciones. ¿Qué quiere exactamente decir un 2 o un 3 en el NOC Creencias sobre la salud? En el artículo se muestran las diferentes propuestas para la operacionalización de conceptos y su transformación en números, pero se advierte que en ellas siempre se termina con un análisis cuantitativo. Se hace una propuesta de utilización de observaciones cualitativas emic/etic para las etiquetas psicosociales y culturales siguiendo los postulados de la etnografía. La investigación en lenguajes enfermeros, básica y aplicada, debe tener cimientos metodológicos correctos y atender los mismos criterios de idoneidad metodológica que cualquier otra investigación.

O fato de trabalhar necessariamente com Escalas tipo Likert para medir resultados NOC tem a vantagem de unificar, mas existe a dificuldade de como convertê-lo a um número de 1 ao 5, especialmente, quando uma pesquisa é qualitativa e por tanto trabalha com palavras e expressões, com observações e percepções. Que quer dizer exatamente 2 ou 3 nos NOC Crenças sobre a saúde? Neste artigo apresentamos diferentes propostas para operacionalização de conceitos e sua transformação em números, advertindo que a mesma sempre termina com uma análise quantitativa. Propomos utilizar as observações qualitativas emic/etic para etiquetas psicossociais e culturais, seguindo postulados da etnografia. Os estudos em linguagem enfermeiro, básica e aplicada, devem ter cimentos metodológicos corretos e atender aos mesmos critérios de idoneidade metodológica que qualquer outro estudo.

Working necessarily with Likert scales to measure Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) outcomes has the advantage of unification, but also presents difficulty in reducing the rating from 1 to 5, especially when the research is qualitative and thus includes the use of words and expressions, as well as observations and perceptions. What exactly does a score of 2 or 3 mean with regard to the NOC Health beliefs? In this paper, we make a number of different proposals for operationalizing concepts and transforming them to numbers; however, it should be noted that such proposals always end in a quantitative analysis. Thus, we propose the use of emic/etic qualitative observations for psychosocial and cultural indicators, following ethnographic principles. Basic and applied research on nursing languages must have correct methodological foundations and seek to satisfy the same criteria of methodological suitability as any other research.

[How to quantify the qualitative aspects of nursing outcomes classification scales with psychosociocultural indicators]. / Cómo cuantificar los aspectos cualitativos en escalas de clasificación de resultados NOC para etiquetas psico-socioculturales.

Working necessarily with Likert scales to measure Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) outcomes has the advantage of unification, but also presents difficulty in reducing the rating from 1 to 5, especially when the research is qualitative and thus includes the use of words and expressions, as well as observations and perceptions. What exactly does a score of 2 or 3 mean with regard to the NOC Health beliefs? In this paper, we make a number of different proposals for operationalizing concepts and transforming them to numbers; however, it should be noted that such proposals always end in a quantitative analysis. Thus, we propose the use of emic/etic qualitative observations for psychosocial and cultural indicators, following ethnographic principles. Basic and applied research on nursing languages must have correct methodological foundations and seek to satisfy the same criteria of methodological suitability as any other research.

[Necrotizing scleritis and recurrent erythema nodosum: a diagnostic challenge]. / Escleritis necrotizante y eritema nodoso recurrente: un reto diagnóstico. Informe de un caso.

The necrotizing scleritis and recurrent erythema nodosum, two clinical entities difficult to diagnose and which represent a challenge to the physician. Tuberculosis produces both processes by an immune reaction of delayed hypersensitivity type IV to various antigenic components of mycobacteria. Most tuberculosis patients have no ocular history of pulmonary or systemic disease in up to 50 % and no evidence of pathology in the chest radiograph. An adequate treatment leads to a favorable prognosis. It occurs when the diagnosis of infection is made on time. We describe the case of a woman with necrotizing scleritis associated with recurrent erythema nodosum secondary to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex.