RESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Descrever a trajetória para a implementação de um Programa de Navegação para pacientes oncológicos. MÉTODO: Estudo descritivo, tipo relato de experiência realizado em um Centro de Oncologia do Sul do Brasil. RESULTADOS: O processo de implementação da navegação ocorreu em quatro etapas: a primeira iniciou com implementação da navegação para pacientes privados com câncer de cabeça e pescoço; a segunda envolveu o piloto do programa de navegação de pacientes com câncer de mama para entender as principais barreiras enfrentadas pelas pacientes; a terceira etapa, foi elaborar e aprovar a Política do Programa de Navegação Institucional. Na última, o Programa de Navegação da linha de cuidado da mama foi implementado para pacientes com indicação de neoadjuvância. Obteve-se redução de 70% na mediana de tempo de indicação e primeira consulta oncológica, de 28,6% no tempo entre sintoma e diagnóstico, 26,0% no tempo entre diagnóstico e início de tratamento. CONCLUSÃO: A implementação de um Programa de Navegação para pacientes com câncer exige dedicação e comprometimento institucional onde se evidencia um melhor cuidado oncológico, tendo o enfermeiro como protagonista da gestão e efetivação do processo.
OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of implementing a Navigation Program for cancer patients. METHOD: Descriptive study, type of experience report carried out in an Oncology Center in Southern Brazil. RESULTS: The process of implementing navigation took place in four stages: the first began with the implementation of navigation for private patients with head and neck cancer; the second involved piloting the navigation program for breast cancer patients to understand the main barriers faced by patients; the third stage, was to draw up and approve the Institutional Navigation Program Policy. In the last stage, the Breast Care Navigation Program was implemented for patients with neoadjuvant indications. A 70% reduction was achieved in the median time between indication and first oncology consultation, 28.6% between symptom and diagnosis, and 26.0% between diagnosis and start of treatment. CONCLUSION: Implementing a Navigation Program for cancer patients requires dedication and institutional commitment, leading to better cancer care, with nurses playing a leading role in managing and implementing this process.
RESUMEN
Previous studies that assessed risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in COVID-19 patients have shown inconsistent results. Our aim was to investigate VTE predictors by both logistic regression (LR) and machine learning (ML) approaches, due to their potential complementarity. This cohort study of a large Brazilian COVID-19 Registry included 4120 COVID-19 adult patients from 16 hospitals. Symptomatic VTE was confirmed by objective imaging. LR analysis, tree-based boosting, and bagging were used to investigate the association of variables upon hospital presentation with VTE. Among 4,120 patients (55.5% men, 39.3% critical patients), VTE was confirmed in 6.7%. In multivariate LR analysis, obesity (OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.11-2.02); being an ex-smoker (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.03-2.01); surgery ≤ 90 days (OR 2.20, 95% CI 1.14-4.23); axillary temperature (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.22-1.63); D-dimer ≥ 4 times above the upper limit of reference value (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.26-3.67), lactate (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.19), C-reactive protein levels (CRP, OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.01-1.18); and neutrophil count (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.005-1.075) were independent predictors of VTE. Atrial fibrillation, peripheral oxygen saturation/inspired oxygen fraction (SF) ratio and prophylactic use of anticoagulants were protective. Temperature at admission, SF ratio, neutrophil count, D-dimer, CRP and lactate levels were also identified as predictors by ML methods. By using ML and LR analyses, we showed that D-dimer, axillary temperature, neutrophil count, CRP and lactate levels are risk factors for VTE in COVID-19 patients.
